Term
| -- is the shared intermediate that links exergoin and entergonic rxns |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reducing power is the e- carrying co factor that collects e- from oxidative rxns and donates them to reduction rxns. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| anaerobic degradation of glucose to pyruvate (or lactate) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pyruvate can go three places for further catabolism |
|
|
Term
| Three places pyruvate can go after glycolysis: |
|
Definition
1. fermentation to ETOH in yeast
2. Citric acid cycle
3. Lactate during vigorous exercise |
|
|
Term
| Fermentation products in yeast from one glycose- |
|
Definition
one glucose= 2 pyruvate:
2 enthanol 2 CO2 |
|
|
Term
| Citric acid cycle products from one glucose- |
|
Definition
one glucose= 2 pyruvate:
4 CO2 and 4 H20 |
|
|
Term
| vigorous exercise products from one glucose: |
|
Definition
one glucose= 2 pyruvate:
2 lactates |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. preparatory stage: phosphorylation of 1 glucose to 2 glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate
2. payoff phase G3P-> pyruvate |
|
|
Term
| Glycolysis ATP per stage and net |
|
Definition
prep phase consumes 2 ATP
payoff produces 4 ATP
Net per glucose= 2 ATP |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the transfer of phosphorylation of 1 glucose to 2 glyceradldehyde 3 phosphate |
|
|
Term
| how are the negative charges balanced out in ATP |
|
Definition
| Phosphoryl groups have 2 negative charges. Formation of Mg 2+ complexes partially sheilds the negative charges and influences the confirmation of the phosphate groups in Nt. |
|
|
Term
| Mg with ATP and Mg with ADP= |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
An isomerase catalyzes:
Open chain sugars- |
|
Definition
isomerization between alpha hydroxy aldehyde and alpha hydroxy ketone
these are open chained sugars that undergo reversible tautomerization |
|
|
Term
Ring opening in steps 1 and 4 are catalyzed by -- residue in --
H+ |
|
Definition
His residue in active site.
H+ is taken/added to C2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| TRIose phosphate isomerase |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| redox reaction where oxygen is not the oxidizing agent. |
|
|
Term
What is the oxidizing agent in step 6 glycolysis:
energy derived- |
|
Definition
| NAD+ and the energy derived is used to drive the formation of the high energy bond in 1,3 bisphosphate. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the intramolecular migration of a functional group |
|
|
Term
The unstable enol tautomer in step -- provides:
enolase- |
|
Definition
step 9
provides the energy to make PEP a high energy compound. Enolase takes pyruvate to enol to from the keto form |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| phosphorylates ADP to form phosphoenolate pyruvate to pyruvate. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
C6H12O6 +2ADP -3 + 2 Pi + 2 NAD+ ->
2C3H3O3-1 + 2ATP -4 +2NADH +2H+ +2H2O |
|
|
Term
| Major function of glycolysis: |
|
Definition
| generate some ATP anaerobical and generate pyruvate for further catabolism. |
|
|
Term
After glycolysis rxn to lactate
purpose |
|
Definition
2 pyruvate <-> 2 lactate
regenerate NAD+
2NADH-> 2NAD+ |
|
|
Term
| bc pyruvate to lactate is reversible increasing blood lactate= |
|
Definition
| pyruvate formatin is too high compared to its utilization. Lactic acid will accumulate and lead to acidosis |
|
|
Term
| Anaerobic glycolysis to lactate is important for: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| no, they dont have lactate DH |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
red= slow long aerobic to Co2 marathon
white= fast power short sprint anaerobic to lactate |
|
|
Term
| Ethanol from pyruvate rxn: |
|
Definition
C6H12O6 +2ATP +2Pi -> 2C2H5O +2HCO2- +ATP -4
=
2 pyruvate +NADH -> 2 ethanol +2CO2 +NAD+ |
|
|
