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Definition
| consist of a single atom with a positive or negative charge resulting from the loss or gain of one or more valence Electrons |
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| a compound that contains one or more hydrogen atoms and produces hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water |
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| lists the metals in order of decreasing reactivity |
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Definition
| the amount of product that actually forms when when the reaction is carried out in lab |
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Definition
| two or more different molecular forms of the same element in the same physical state |
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Definition
| lacks an ordered internal structure |
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Definition
| results from the collisions of atoms and molecules in air with objects |
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Definition
| states that equal volumes of gasses at the the same temperature and pressure contain equal numbers of particles |
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Definition
| in which each side of the equation has the same number of atoms of each element and mass is conserved |
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Definition
| a device that is used to measure atmospheric pressure |
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Definition
| an ionic compound that produces hydroxide ions when dissolved in water |
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Definition
a compound composed of two elements; NaCl and Al2O3 are binary compounds |
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Definition
| the temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid is just equal to the external pressure on the liquid |
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Definition
| a substance that speeds up the reaction but is not used up in the reaction |
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Term
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Definition
| a representation of a chemical reaction; the formulas of the reactants(on the left) are connected by an arrow with the formulas of the products (on the right |
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Definition
| small whole umbers that are placed in front of the formulas in an equation in order to balance it |
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Term
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Definition
a chemical change in which two or more substances react to form a single new substance
example: 2Mg(s) + 02(g) ------> 2MgO(s) |
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Definition
| a chemical change in which an element or a compound reacts with oxygen,often producing energy in the form of heat and light |
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Definition
| an equation that shows dissolved ionic compounds as dissociated free ions |
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Definition
| a chemical change in which a single compound breaks down into two or more simpler products |
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Term
| double replacement reaction |
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Definition
| a chemical change involving exchange of positive ions between two compounds |
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Term
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Definition
| gives the lowest whole-number ratio of the atoms of the elements in a compound |
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Definition
| a conversion that occurs at the surface of a liquid that is not boiling |
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Definition
| the reactant that is not completely used up in a reaction |
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Definition
| results from a force exerted by a gas per unit surface area of an object |
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Definition
| a rigid state without crystallizing |
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Term
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Definition
| the energy an object has because of its motion |
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Term
| law of definite proportions |
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Definition
| states that in samples of any chemical compound, the masses of the elements are always in the same proportions |
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Term
| law of multiple proportions |
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Definition
| whenever the same two elements form more than one compound the different masses of one element that combine with the same mass of the other element are in the ratio of small whole numbers |
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Definition
| the reagent that determines the amount of product that can be formed by a reaction |
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Definition
| the temperature at which a solid changes into a liquid |
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Definition
| the mass of a mole of a element |
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Term
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Definition
| 22.4 L is molar volume of a gas |
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Term
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Definition
| is 6.02 X 10^23 representative particles of that substance and is the SI unit for measuring the amount of the substance |
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Definition
| a conversion factor derived from the coefficients of a balanced chemical equation interpreted in terms of a mole |
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Term
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Definition
| an equation for a reaction in solution that shows only those particles that are directly involved in the chemical change |
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Definition
| defined as the boiling point of a liquid at pressure of 101.3 kPa |
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Definition
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Definition
| the percent by mass of each element in the compound |
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Definition
the ratio of the actual yield to the theoretical yield expressed as a percent
formula: percent yield = actual yield/ theoretical yield X 100 |
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Term
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Definition
composed of more than one atom
a tightly bound group of atoms that behaves as a unit and has a positive or negative charge
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Definition
| refers to the species present in a substance: usually atoms, molecules or formula units |
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| single replacement reaction |
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Definition
| a chemical change in which one element replaces a second element in a compound |
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Definition
| a chemical equation that does not indicate the relative amounts of the reactants and products |
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Definition
| an ion that appears on both sides of an equation and is not directly involved int he reaction |
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Term
| standard atmosphere (atm) |
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Definition
| the pressure required to support 760 mm of mercury in a mercury barometer at 25 degrees Celcius |
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Term
| standard temp and pressure (STP) |
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Definition
temp: 0 degrees Celsius
Pressure: 101.3 kPa or 1 atm |
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Definition
| the calculations of quantities in chemical reactions |
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Definition
| the change of a substance from a solid to a vapor without passing through the liquid state |
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Term
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Definition
| the maximum amount of product that could be formed from give amounts of reactant |
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Definition
| the smallest group of particles within a crystal that retains the geometric shape of the crystal |
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Definition
| an empty space with no particles and no pressure |
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Definition
| a measure of the force exerted by a gas above a liquid |
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Definition
| the conversion of a liquid to gas or vapor |
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