Term
| A substance that is made up on only one kind of atam is a(an) |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What is the symbol for aluminum |
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Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
| If a material contains two or more elements joined in a fixed proportion, it is a |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Water is a compound because it |
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Definition
| always has two hydrogen atoms for each oxygen atom |
|
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Term
| Which of the following is a mixture? |
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Definition
| salad at Dr. Lofton's house |
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Term
| Which of the following is a characteristic of a mixture? |
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Definition
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Term
| A mixture that appears to be the same throughout is a |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Which of the following is a heterogeneous mixture |
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Definition
|
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Term
| A mixture can be classified as a solution, suspension, or colloid based on the |
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Definition
| size of its larges particles |
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Term
| You are about to open a container of soy milk but notice that there are instructions to "shake well before serving." The soy milk is most likely a |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following is malleable |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following has the highest viscosity |
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Definition
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Term
| A substance has a melting point of 0 degree Celsius and a boiling point of 100 degree Celsious. The substance is most likely |
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Definition
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Term
| A material that is malleable and conducts electricity is most likely |
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Definition
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Term
| What physical properties of nylon and leather make them good materials to use for shoelaces? |
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Definition
| durability and flexibility |
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Term
| Which of the following materials is useful for making molds because it has a low melting point |
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Definition
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Term
| Filtration can be used to separate mixtures based on |
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Definition
| the size of their particles |
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Term
| When a physical change in a sample occurs, which of the following does NOT change? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Which of the following is a physical change? |
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Definition
| sawing a piece of wood in half |
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Term
| Flammability is a material's ability to burn in the presence of |
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Definition
|
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Term
| A substance that has high reactivity |
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Definition
| easily combines chemically with other substances. |
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Term
| Which of the following is NOT a clue that a chemical change has occurred? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Which of the following is a chemical change? |
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Definition
| Water breaking down into hydrogen and oxygen |
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Term
| Which of the following is a clue of a chemical change? |
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Definition
| a gas forms when vinegar and baking soda are mixed |
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Term
| Three examples of physical change are |
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Definition
| boiling water, bursting a balloon, and crumpling a piece of paper |
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Term
| The shape of an apple is a |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Fog is an example of a colloid |
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Definition
|
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Term
| The scattering of light by colloids is called |
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Definition
|
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Term
| When two or more substances are combined so each substance can be separated by physical means, the result is a |
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Definition
|
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Term
| _______ is another name for a homogeneous mixture |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| a chemical change has occurred |
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Term
| You put 1 gram of sale into 1 liter of water and stir. The resulting liquid is an example of |
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Definition
|
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Term
| The smallest unit of a substance that behaves like the substance is |
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Definition
|
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Term
| The Law of Conservation of Mass states that mass cannot be |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Which of the following is NOT an example of a physical property? |
|
Definition
| reacts with other substances |
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Term
| Sodium and chlorine combining to form table salt is an example of a _____ |
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Definition
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Term
| Digestion food is an example of a _____ |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Which of the following is NOT an element? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Which of the following is NOT a phase of matter? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| According to composition, matter is classified as |
|
Definition
| elements, compounds, mixtures, and solutions |
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Term
| If a material contains two or more elements joined in a fixed proportion, it is a |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the symbol for silver? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Water is a compound because it |
|
Definition
| always has two hydrogen atoms for each oxygen atom |
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Term
| Formation of a precipitate is usually evidence of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A piece of wood that measures 72 cm to the third power and has a mass of 80.0 grams. What is the density of the wood? |
|
Definition
| 1.1 g/cm to the third power |
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Term
| What is the density of a piece of wood that has a mass of 25.0 grams and a volume of 29.4 cm to the third power? |
|
Definition
| 0.85 g/cm to the third power |
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|
Term
| An ice cube measuring 195.11 cm to the third power and has a density of 0.917 g/mL. What is the mass? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The density of aluminum is 2.70 g/mL. If the mass of a piece of aluminum is 244 grams, what is the volume of the aluminum? |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| The volume of a solution was measured in a graduated cylinder (shown above). If the mass of solution is measured to e 60.75 Grams, what is the density of the solution? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| In a _______ mixture, the parts of the mixture are noticeably different from one another. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| _______ is the amount of space an object takes up. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| _____ is anything that takes up space and has mass and volume. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| ______ is the amount of matter in an object. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| The hardest known material is a ______ |
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Definition
|
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Term
| _______is another word for characteristic |
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Definition
|
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Term
| ______ means to group according to similar properties. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| _______ is a shorthand way to represent an element |
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Definition
|
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Term
| A piece of white pine wood has a density of 0.430 g/cm to the third power. What is the mass of 150 cm to the third power of this wood? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the density of a metal if 38.6 g of the metal occupy a volume of 2.0 cm to the third power? |
|
Definition
| 19.3 g/cm to the third power |
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Term
| Measuring ______ can be used to test the purity of some substances. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ is the smallest particle of a compound that has all the properties of the compound |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| _______ is a shorthand way of representing a compound |
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Definition
|
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Term
| _______ is the smallester particle of an element that has all the properties of that element. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| According to John Dalton's observations, when elements combine in a compound, |
|
Definition
| the ratio of their masses is always the same |
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Term
| What does the electron cloud model describe |
|
Definition
| the most likely locations of electreons in atoms |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is unique for any given element? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Who provided evidence for the existence of a nucleus in an atom? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Democritus thought that matter was made of tiny particles |
|
Definition
| that could not be divided |
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Term
| What can you assume has happened if an electron moves to a higher energy level? |
|
Definition
| The electron has gained energy |
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|
Term
| The Greek philosopher Democritus coined what word for a tiny piece of matter that cannot be divided? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| To find the number of neutrons in an atom, you would subtract |
|
Definition
| atomic number from mass number. |
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|
Term
| The number of protons in one atom of an element is that element's |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following most accurately represents John Dalton's model of the atom? |
|
Definition
| a tiny, solid sphere with a predictable mass for a given element |
|
|
Term
| What is the difference between an atom in the ground state and an atom in an excited state? |
|
Definition
| The atoom in an excited state has more energy and is less stable than the atom in the ground |
|
|
Term
| Which subatomic particle has a negative charge? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| J. J. Thomson's experiments provided evidence that an atom |
|
Definition
| contains negatively charged particles |
|
|
Term
| In Niels Bohr's model of the atom, electrons move |
|
Definition
| like planets orbiting the sun |
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|
Term
| What do scientists use to predict the locations of electrons in atoms? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The nuclei of isotopes contain different numbers of ______ |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The nickname of Thomson's model of the atom is |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| When all the electrons in an atom are in orbitals with the lowest possible energy, the atom is in its _______ state. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The fourth energy level of the atom can hold up to _____ electrons. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| _________ is the number of protons in the nucleus of the atom |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The scientist who discovered the small, dense nucleus is _______ |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ is the number of protons plus neutrons in the nucleus of the atom. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The possible energies that electrons in an atom can have are called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The second energy level of the atom can hold up to _____ electrons |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| __________ is evidence you get without actually seeing or touching the object |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to ______, all matter was made up to four elements - earth, air, fire, and water. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The region in which an electron is most likely to be found is called an |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Protons and electrons have a charge of ______ (exact charge). |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The central portion of the atom is called the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Another name for the wave model of the atom is the _____ model. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| There are ______ possible p orbitals. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Electrons have a _____ charge. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The atom as a whole has a _____ charge. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An atom in which an electron has moved to a higher energy level is in a(an _____ state. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The weakest electrons in an atom are located __________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| There is/are _____ possible s orbital(s). |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Locate oxygen on your periodic table. It has ____ protons in its nucleus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| There are _____ possible d orbitals |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The third energy level of the atom can hold up to ______ electrons. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The four main orbitals are ________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Neutrons have a _____ charge |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Locate argon on your periodic table. Its chemical symbol is _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ was the Greek philosopher who named the smallest piece of matter the atom. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The word atom means _______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The nucleus has a _____ charge. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Find Chlorine on your periodic table. Its atomic number is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| There are _____ types of f orbitals |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _______ is atoms of the same element with the same atomic number, but different mass number |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The first energy level of the atom can hold up to _____ electrons. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The scientist who thought the atom was mostly empty space is _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The subatomic particle that J.J. Thomson discovered has a(an) ______ charge. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Protons have a _____ charge |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ are electrons in the outermost energy level of the atom. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If element Q has 11 protons, its _____ is 11 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following gases emit colors when an electric current is applied? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following Group 7A elements is the most reactive? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Among the alkali metals, the tendency to react with other substances |
|
Definition
| increases from top to bottom within the group |
|
|
Term
| Atoms of the most reactive elements tend to have |
|
Definition
| one or seven valence electrons |
|
|
Term
| Mendeleev arranged the known chemical elements in a table according to increasing |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Figure 5-1 shows a portion of a blank periodic table. Idenify the segments labeled A and B |
|
Definition
| A is a period and B is a group |
|
|
Term
| Which element is found in most of the compounds in your body except for water? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which element is found in nature only in compounds? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| One twelfth the mass of a carbon-12 atom is used to define a(an) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| To keep them from reacting, some highly reactive elements are stored in |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Elements that are gases, are brittle, and are poor conductors at room temperature are _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Moving from left to right across a row of the periodic table, which of the following values increases by exactly one from element to element? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A certain atom has 26 protons, 26 electrons, and 30 neutrons. Its mass number is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The special unit used to measure the mass for subatomic particles and for atomic mass is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The atomic mass of an element is |
|
Definition
| a ratio based on the mass of a carbon-12 atom |
|
|
Term
| Which list of elements contains only metals? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which general statement does NOT apply to metals? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which halogen is most likely to react? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Horizontal rows of the periodic table are called _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The tendency of an element to react is closely related to |
|
Definition
| the number of valence electrons in atoms of the element |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following Group 1A elements is the most reactive? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A chemical symbol represents the _____ of an element |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A member of the boron family has three valence electrons, while a member of the nitrogen family has |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| At room temperature, none of the metals are |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| All of the elements in Family 18 are _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The number at the bottom of the key on the periodic talbe is the _______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| No two elements can have the same _______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| All of the acitinoids are ______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The number of _______ dewtermines an elements chemical properties. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Today's periodic table is arranged according increasing ______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the charge of the elements in group 2A after a chenmical bond is ______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When your textbook was written, there were _____ known elements. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| On the periodic table most of hte elements are _______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The pattern of repeating properties of elements revealed in the periodic table is known as the ______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The element in group 2 that is used in cancer treatment is _______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The element is family 16 that will combine with almost every element on the periodic table is ___. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The zigzag line on the periodic table separates the _____ froom the _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The element in Group 5A that is found in Fertilizers and the tips of matches is_____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The rows indicate how many ___ each element in row contains. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| One way to demonstrate reactivity among the alkaline earth metals, Group 2A, is to obsere what happens when they are placed in ______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A 12-karet gold item is _____ percent pure |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The charge of each titanium ion in the ionic compund TiO 2 is ____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| You are given the melting points of three unknown substances and are asked to predict which one is an ionic compound. You would select the compound with the ___ melting point. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The purity of gold is expressed in units called ___ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In an electron dot diagram, each dot represents a(an) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In ionic compounds, the sum of the charges of all the cations and anions must be |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A polar bond forms when ___ not shared equally |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is a typical property of an ionic compound? |
|
Definition
| poor conductor of electric current when melted |
|
|
Term
| An alloy that contains mainly iron and carbon is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The compound whose formula is SO 3 is called ____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the formula for copper (II) nitrate? Note: nitrate has a 1- charge |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Among the elements potassium, lithium, and iron, the metallic bonds are likely to be strongest in |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following statements correctly describes the substance with teh formula KI? |
|
Definition
| There is a one-to-one ratio of potassium ions to iodide ions |
|
|
Term
| Gold that is 100 percent pure is labeled ____ karet gold |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Two factors that determine whether a molecule is polar are the types of atoms in the molecule and the _____ of the molecule |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the compound MgCI 2, the subscript 2 indicates that |
|
Definition
| there are two chloride ions for each magnesium ion |
|
|
Term
| The name iron (II) indicates that a compound contains |
|
Definition
| iron ions with a 2+ charge |
|
|
Term
| In an electron dot diagram, the symbol for an element is used to represent |
|
Definition
| the nucleus and all non-valence electrons |
|
|
Term
| Which phase BEST describes a metallic bond? |
|
Definition
| the attraction between a metal cation and a shared pool of electrons |
|
|
Term
| In an ionic compound, the attractions between cations and _____ hold the compound together |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The water mulecule H20 is polar because it contains two polar single bonds and |
|
Definition
| its molecule has a bent shape |
|
|
Term
| Ionization energies tend to |
|
Definition
| decrease from the bottom of a group to the top |
|
|
Term
| KBr is the formula for an ionic compound. The fact that neither symbol is followed by a subscript means that there is a(an) _____ ratio of ions in the compound. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A _____ is a neutral group of atoms tha tare joined together by one or more covalent bond. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| You see a structural formula in which the symbols for elements are connected by a long dash. You can assume that the chemical bonds in the compound are |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Beryllium, Be, and chlorine, Cl, form a binary ionic compound with a one-to-two ratio of beryllium ions to chloride ions. The formula for the compound is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following formulas represents a compound whose molecules contain a triple bond? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the binary ionic compound potassium bromide, KBr, the element that forms cations is _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Typically, atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve |
|
Definition
| a stable electron configuration |
|
|
Term
| The chemical formula for calcium chloride, CaCl subscript 2, shows that the compound contains two ___ ions for every ______ion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When cesium and fluorine react, they form an ionic compound called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Each pair of shared electrons in a structural formula is represented by a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which statement best describes the properties of sodium chloride |
|
Definition
| liquid sodium chloride is a good conductor of electric current |
|
|
Term
| The chemical formula for the ionic compound consisting of oxygen and nickel (III) is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the name carbon dioxide, the prefix of the second word indicates that a molecule of carbon dioxide contains |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Metallic bonding is similar to ionic bonding because |
|
Definition
| there is an attraction between positively charged and negatively charged particles |
|
|
Term
| In its simplest form, the allow brass consists of zinz and |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A(An) ion is a covalently bonded group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A ____ is a mixture of two or more leements, at least one is a metal |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A compound whose molecules contain one boron atom and three fluorine atoms would be named |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A compound consisting of bromine and cadmium (2+) would be named |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The formation of an ionic bond involves the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A _____ is a negatively charged ion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A compound whose molecules contain one carbon atom and 8 sulfur atoms would be named |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does increasing the amount of carbon in steel affect its properties? |
|
Definition
| Carbon makes the lattice harder and stronger |
|
|
Term
| Alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, and aluminum all form ions with positive charges equal to the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When two atoms of the same nonmetal react, they often form a(an) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If there are two long dashes between two atoms in a structural formula, molecules of the compound contain a(an) ____ bond. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| To produce stainless steel, steelmakers add |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following groups contain three elements with stable electron configurations |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Fluorine, F, forms a binary ionic compound with lithium, Li. What is the name of this compound? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In general, the more ___ a metal has, the stronger its metallic bonds will be |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A(an) ____ is a positively charged ion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In a metal lattice, _____ are surrounded by a pool of shared electrons. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| electrons are shared equally between atoms |
|
|
Term
| ______ means two atoms of the same element covalently bonded together |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The ions in solid sodium chloride are arranged in a structure called a(an) ____ lattice |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The elements most likely to form more than one type of ion are the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The substances that undergo change in a chemical reaction are called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hydrochloric acid, HCL, is added to solid NaOH. After the reaction is complete, NaCl dissolved in water remains. What are the products of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following does NOT state what the arrow means in a chemical equation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following does NOT show the law of conservation of mass? |
|
Definition
| 2 atoms of Mg react with 1 molecule of O2 to produce 2 units of MgO. |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is a chemical equation that accurately represents what happens when sulfur and oxygen react to form sulfur trioxide |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many moles of He are in 16 g of the element? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An industrial process makes calcium oxide by decomposing calcium carbonate. Which of the following is NOT needed to calculate the mass of calcium oxide that can be produced from 4.7 kg of calcium carbonate? |
|
Definition
| the volume of the unkkonwn mass |
|
|
Term
| The coefficients in a balanced chemical equation always can express the ratio of |
|
Definition
| moles of reactants and products |
|
|
Term
| When magnesium carbonate, MgCO2, reacts with nitric acid, HNO3, magnesium nitrate and carbonic acid form. Carbonic acid then breaks down into water and carbon dioxide. Which two types of reactions take place in this process |
|
Definition
| double-replacement and decomposition |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is NOT always true about a synthesis reaction? |
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Definition
| There is only one reactant |
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Term
| Which of the following takes place during a redox reaction? |
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Definition
| Electrons are both gained and lost |
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Term
| In a chemical reaction, an iron atom became the iron Fe2+. What happened to the iron atom? |
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Definition
| It lost electrons and was oxidized. |
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Term
| In a compound, chemical energy is contained in the |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following statements is true about what happens during a chemical reaction? |
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Definition
| Bonds of the reactants are broken, and bonds of the products are form. |
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