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2AX5X Volume 2 Chapter 3
2AX5X Volume 2 Chapter 3 Self-Test Questions
121
Aerospace Engineering
Not Applicable
07/02/2014

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Term
Define matter.
Definition
Any substance that occupies space and has weight.
Term
Since liquids and gases have many properties in common, how are they frequently classified?
Definition
As fluids
Term
All matter is made up of what?
Definition
Molecules.
Term
Which matter has the property of resisting changes in shape when a force is applied?
Definition
Solid.
Term
When sufficient force to a solid causes distortion, the solid is said to have exceeded what?
Definition
Its elastic limit.
Term
Which factors affect the amount of expansion and contraction of a solid?
Definition
The amount of temperature change and the expansion characteristics of the solid.
Term
What are the most outstanding characteristics of a liquid?
Definition
Its ability to conform to the shape of its containing vessel and that it has a free surface.
Term
For a liquid to transmit a pushing force, what condition must exist first?
Definition
It must be completely enclosed in a container.
Term
What would cause a cylinder of air to increase in pressure when placed in the sun?
Definition
The air (gas) expands as its temperature increases, and since it is confined by the cylinder, its pressure will increase.
Term
What is one of the main differences in the characteristics of gases when compared to liquids?
Definition
Gases are compressible while liquids are not.
Term
A measure of quantity
Definition
Volume
Term
The amount of force acting on a unit of area
Definition
Pressure
Term
A substance that is a liquid or a gas.
Definition
Fluid
Term
The amount of distance an object moves.
Definition
Stroke
Term
The measurement of a surface.
Definition
Area
Term
The amount of push or pull exerted on an object.
Definition
Force
Term
The movement of a fluid caused by pressure difference.
Definition
Flow
Term
Expressed in inches
Definition
Stroke
Term
Expressed in pounds
Definition
Force
Term
Expressed in psi
Definition
Pressure
Term
Expressed in square inches.
Definition
Area
Term
Expressed in cubic inches
Definition
Volume
Term
State the basic principle of Pascal’s Law
Definition
When a fluid is confined and force is applied, this force (pressure) is transmitted equally to all points in the system.
Term
Under what conditions does Pascal’s Law not apply to fluids?
Definition
Pascal’s Law does not apply to fluids in motion.
Term
State the basic principle of Boyle’s Law.
Definition
If the pressure on a confined gas varies, its volume will vary inversely in the same proportion as long as the temperature does not change.
Term
Using Charles’s Law, explain the effect of heating a gas in a cylinder that has a movable piston.
Definition
Heating a confined gas will cause an expansion (volume increase) in direct proportion to its temperature change, thus causing the piston to move
Term
What is another name for the Boyle’s–Charles’s law?
Definition
General Gas Law
Term
What is the formula for defining fluids under pressure?
Definition
(F)orce = (P)ressure x (A)rea,
Term
What is the formula for Volume?
Definition
(V)olume = (A)rea x (L)ength
Term
What is the mechanical advantage ratio if a 60-pound force is used to raise a 240-pound weight?
Definition
4:1
Term
What is the mechanical advantage ratio if a 3-pound force is used to raise 99 pounds?
Definition
33:1
Term
A 150-pound weight is placed on a 10-square-inch piston and is then lifted by a force applied to a 2-square-inch piston. What force is required on the small piston, and what is the mechanical advantage?
Definition
Term
A 20-pound force on a 3-square-inch piston can lift how much weight on a 12-square-inch piston? What is the mechanical advantage?
Definition
Term
What is the pressure (psi) on a surface 12 square inches in area and supporting a weight of 216 pounds?
Definition
Term
How far will an 8-square-inch piston move if a 2-square-inch piston moves 8 inches?
Definition
Term
What characteristic of a fluid determines its resistance to flow?
Definition
Term
What effect does an orifice have on fluid-flow when compared to a venturi?
Definition
Term
How can resistance to flow be reduced?
Definition
Term
What pressure difference can be observed during fluid-flow through a venturi?
Definition
Term
How much fluid should a reservoir hold?
Definition
Term
Why do nonpressurized reservoirs have space above the fluid?
Definition
Term
What prevents foreign material from entering the reservoir during servicing?
Definition
Term
What are the two main reasons for pressurizing a reservoir?
Definition
Term
How do you service a pressurized hydraulic reservoir with fluid?
Definition
Term
What unit in the pressurized hydraulic reservoir pressurizes the hydraulic fluid to 5 psi?
Definition
Term
To service or perform maintenance on an air-pressurized reservoir, what is the first thing you must do?
Definition
Term
Name three functions of the air-pressurized reservoir pressure regulator
Definition
Term
How are pumps classified?
Definition
Term
What two purposes does the hand pump serve?
Definition
Term
When the hand pump handle is on the retraction stroke, which check valve is closed?
Definition
Term
What indicates that either check valve inside the hand pump has malfunctioned?
Definition
Term
If a third check valve is installed, what could be the problem if fluid is only sent into the system on the extension stroke?
Definition
Term
What is a drawback of a constant-volume pump?
Definition
Term
What is the thinned portion on the drive shaft of a gear-type pump called?
Definition
Term
On a vane-type pump, what keeps the vanes against the housing wall?
Definition
Term
In the constant-volume piston pump, what drives the cylinder block?
Definition
Term
Why does a constant-volume piston pump always have a constant intake and output of fluid?
Definition
Term
What does the suction boost pump do for engine-driven pumps?
Definition
Term
What regulates pressure in a variable-volume pump?
Definition
Term
What is the main difference between a Vickers stroke-reduction pump and a constant-volume pump?
Definition
Term
What position is the Vickers pump’s cylinder block and yoke in when the system is at 0 psi?
Definition
Term
Do the pistons have a stroke when the Vickers pump reaches the zero flow point?
Definition
Term
What are the two major component groups of the Kellogg pump?
Definition
Term
What determines the length of the Kellogg pump’s piston stroke?
Definition
Term
What is the purpose of the creep plates in Stratopower pumps?
Definition
Term
Describe the pistons of the Stratopower pump.
Definition
Term
Which way would you turn the adjusting screw on the Stratopower pump to increase pressure?
Definition
Term
What is the purpose of a hydraulic motor?
Definition
Term
What can be used to control the speed of a hydraulic motor?
Definition
Term
Explain the principle of a jackscrew
Definition
Term
What is the purpose of an accumulator in a hydraulic system?
Definition
Term
What is the most common type of accumulator used?
Definition
Term
Which accumulator has a drilled passageway in the piston for lubrication?
Definition
Term
Where is the air-servicing valve located on the piston accumulator?
Definition
Term
What  is the piston accumulator is serviced with?
Definition
Term
Which accumulator has four separate chambers?
Definition
Term
What is the only moving part of a self-displacing accumulator?
Definition
Term
In the self-displacing accumulator system, where is the relief valve located?
Definition
Term
What are the three basic parts of a filter assembly?
Definition
Term
Which part of the filter assembly is mounted to the aircraft?
Definition
Term
What does micron rating mean?
Definition
Term
What are the two ways fluids can usually flow through a filter assembly?
Definition
Term
How are hydraulic manifolds designed?
Definition
Term
Why is it physically impossible to install the wrong valve in a manifold?
Definition
Term
What is the purpose of an actuating cylinder?
Definition
Term
Commonly used on flight control systems to ensure operation by connecting to two separate hydraulic systems
Definition
Term
Used when more force is required to move an object one way more than the other.
Definition
Term
Used on landing gear.
Definition
Term
Has piston rod that extends through both ends of the cylinder
Definition
Term
Offers equal force in either direction
Definition
Term
Commonly used on cargo door systems.
Definition
Term
Used on nose wheel steering.
Definition
Term
Used to actuate brakes
Definition
Term
What does tandem mean?
Definition
Term
How many pistons are in a tandem actuator?
Definition
Term
What is the purpose of the internal snubber actuator?
Definition
Term
Where is the main system relief valve normally installed in a hydraulic system?
Definition
Term
What is the purpose of a selector valve?
Definition
Term
What is the advantage of a slide selector valve over the poppet type?
Definition
Term
What is the purpose of a check valve?
Definition
Term
What are the different types of automatic check valves?
Definition
Term
Which type of check valve is used primarily in low-pressure systems, such as the air pressurized reservoir system?
Definition
Term
What order of events do sequence valves set?
Definition
Term
What is the purpose of the pressure regulator besides maintaining pressure within a predetermined range?
Definition
Term
What component is used in systems to limit the speed of movement of such items as wing flaps and landing gear?
Definition
Term
Where is a restrictor check valve usually installed?
Definition
Term
What names are commonly used for the manually operated shutoff valves?
Definition
Term
What are the parts of a motor-operated shutoff valve?
Definition
Term
What is installed in the hydraulic system to prevent total fluid loss?
Definition
Term
How is internal leakage of a shuttle valve usually repaired?
Definition
Term
What is another name for the supply section of a basic hydraulic system?
Definition
Term
Which section of a basic hydraulic system contains all the lines and units starting with the pump to the selector valve?
Definition
Term
What are the four units of a hand pump system?
Definition
Term
How much pressure is required to lift 2,300 pounds using an actuator with 2 square inches of working area?
Definition
Term
What would happen to a constant-volume pump hydraulic system if there were no relief valves?
Definition
Term
In order to properly design a hydraulic system, what must be considered?
Definition
Term
What is the disadvantage of a constant-volume pump hydraulic system, which has a relief valve but does not have any components to relieve the pump’s workload?
Definition
Term
What pressure does the pressure regulator and pressure switch maintain?
Definition
Term
Where does fluid-flow go when a regulator is kicked out?
Definition
Term
What does the term “operating range” mean?
Definition
Term
What is the main purpose of the accumulator in the regulator or pressure switch controlled system?
Definition
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