Term
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Definition
| The study of how we form impressions of and make inferences about other people |
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Term
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Definition
Inferences about the cause of
events and behaviors |
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Term
Internal Attribution
(AKA Dispositional or Person Attributions) |
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Definition
| inside the person... personality, ability, attitude |
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Term
| External Attribution (AKA Situational Attribution |
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Definition
| outside the person... other people, luck, pressure |
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Term
| Correspondence Bias (Correspondent Inference Theory) |
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Definition
People are like amateur or “naïve” scientists
(They use evidence to form reasonable attributions)
They favor internal attributions but will
adjust their attributions (from internal to
external) if they are…
…able (they have resources)
…and willing (they’re motivated) |
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Term
| Kelley's Covariation Model |
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Definition
We make attributions based on 3 pieces of information:
-Consensus - what do other people think or do? How does the target’s behavior compare to other’s behavior?
-Distinctiveness - does the target’s behavior generalize to other stimuli?
-Consistency - does the target’s behavior toward that stimuli generalize to other times and situations? |
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Term
| FAE - Fundamental Attribution Error |
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Definition
the tendency to overestimate the extent to which
people’s behavior is due to internal factors, and to underestimate the role of situational factors |
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Term
| Self-Observer Bias (AKA actor-observer bias) |
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Definition
tendency to see other people’s behavior as
dispositionally caused, while focusing on the role of the situational factors in explaining one’s own behavior |
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Term
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Definition
tendency to take credit for our success
(internal attributions) but to blame the situation (external attribution) for our failures |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| we consider information in front of us more important |
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Term
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Definition
A collection of beliefs about who you are: traits, likes/dislikes, wishes/hopes, social identities & roles
evaluations, emotional states |
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Term
| Interdependent Self Concept |
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Definition
define themselves in terms of
others’ thoughts/expectations, feelings, and actions; connectedness and interdependence between people are valued. |
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Term
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Definition
Communication without words
– Facial expressions
– Tone of voice
– Gestures (e.g., emblems)
– Body positions and posture
– Touch
– Eye gaze and blinking
• Can be intentional or totally unintentional! |
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Term
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Definition
| hiding emotions -- women are better at it |
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Term
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Definition
| revealing someone else's emotion -- women are better at it |
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Term
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Definition
| culturally determined rules about which nonverbal behaviors are appropriate to display ~~~ NOT UNIVERSAL!! |
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Term
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Definition
| a facial expression in which one part of the face registers one emotion while another part of the face registers a different emotion |
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Term
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Definition
| Gestures (ie. nodding, OK sign, touching, etc) |
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Term
| snap judgments & accuracy |
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Definition
6 basic emotions
• Disgust
• Happiness
• Sadness
• Anger
• Fear
• Surprise
They arise early in development
(other candidate emotions: contempt, shame, pride, and embarrassment) |
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Term
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Definition
define themselves in terms of
one’s own internal thoughts, feelings, and actions; uniqueness and independence are valued. |
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