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2200 Module 3 Review - Dustin Aune
Occupational Dose
20
Health Care
Not Applicable
08/29/2020

Additional Health Care Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Chromosome
Definition
rod-shaped bodies that under a microscope appear to be long, threadlike structures that become visible only in dividing cells
Term
Gene
Definition
a unit of heredity which is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring
Term
Interphase
Definition
the resting phase between successive mitotic divisions of a cell, or between the first and second divisions of meiosis
Term
Meiosis
Definition
a type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, as in the production of gametes and plant spores
Term
Metaphase
Definition
the second stage of cell division, between prophase and anaphase, during which the chromosomes become attached to the spindle fibers
Term
Mitosis
Definition
a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth
Term
Osmosis
Definition
a process by which molecules of a solvent tend to pass through a semipermeable membrane from a less concentrated solution into a more concentrated one, thus equalizing the concentrations on each side of the membrane
Term
Prophase
Definition
the first stage of cell division, before metaphase, during which the chromosomes become visible as paired chromatids and the nuclear envelope disappears. The first prophase of meiosis includes the reduction division
Term
DNA
Definition
deoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating material which is present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information
Term
Telophase
Definition
the final phase of cell division, between anaphase and interphase, in which the chromatids or chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell and two nuclei are formed
Term
Apoptosis
Definition
the death of cells which occurs as a normal and controlled part of an organism's growth or development
Term
Free Radicals
Definition
an uncharged molecule (typically highly reactive and short-lived) having an unpaired valence electron
Term
Mutation
Definition
the changing of the structure of a gene, resulting in a variant form that may be transmitted to subsequent generations, caused by the alteration of single base units in DNA, or the deletion, insertion, or rearrangement of larger sections of genes or chromosomes
Term
Linear Energy Transfer (LET)
Definition
the amount of energy that an ionizing particle transfers to the material traversed per unit distance
Term
Point Lesion
Definition
damage to the structure of a biological molecule such as DNA, enzymes, or proteins that results in reduction or absence of normal function
Term
Relative Biologic Effectiveness
Definition
the ratio of the doses required by two radiations to cause the same level of effect
Term
Law of BergoniƩ and Tribondeau
Definition
radiosensitivity of a biological tissue is directly proportional to the mitotic activity and inversely proportional to the degree of differentiation of its cells
Term
Wave-Particle Duality
Definition
the concept in quantum mechanics that every particle or quantum entity may be described as either a particle or a wave
Term
Protoplasm
Definition
the colorless material comprising the living part of a cell, including the cytoplasm, nucleus, and other organelles
Term
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Definition
a network of membranous tubules within the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell, continuous with the nuclear membrane. It usually has ribosomes attached and is involved in protein and lipid synthesis
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