Term
| Poverty of the stimulus argument |
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Definition
| an argument that claims natural language grammar is unlearnable given the relatively limited data available to children learning a language, and therefore that this knowledge is supplemented with some sort of innate linguistic capacity (language acquisition device) |
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Term
| language acquisition device |
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Definition
| hypothetical brain mechanism that Noam Chomsky uses to explain how humans learn language |
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| nate core knowledge about language that makes for similarities in language structure across the globe |
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Definition
| Do people who speak different languages think differently, and does language influence thought? |
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Definition
| speakers of different languages will behave/think differently because of the different way that languages encode |
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| the language a person speaks determines thought (strong version), or at least exerts some influence (weak version) |
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Term
| relative and absolute languages |
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Definition
| relative (i.e. left or right) and absolute ( north, south, east, west) |
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Term
| importance of relative vs. absolute |
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Definition
| Can test effect of language on spatial cognition |
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Definition
| the insertion of a sentence within a sentence.This involves running a procedure that requires re-running a part of another procedure. |
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| language as innate human ability |
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Definition
| Can primates be taught language? They have been taught a variety of hand symbols, but it is shown that they can never fully understand language |
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Definition
| Intention to change another person’s mental state via communicative signal |
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Definition
| language disorder in which producing language is difficult. Often caused by brain damage during a stroke |
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Definition
| area in the brain that when damaged, will cause aphasia (broca's/production/disfluent aphasia) |
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Definition
| will cause fluent/comprehension/wernicke's aphasia |
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Definition
| speech can be produced but language content is incorrect |
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Definition
| meaningful movements of hands, arms, body |
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Term
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Definition
| Emblems are specific gestures with specific meaning that are consciously used and consciously understood. They are used as substitutes for words and are close to sign language than everyday body language. |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs with speech and are closely related to what the speaker is describing. Many are iconic - gestures that show physical/concrete items |
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Term
| Similarities & differences between signed languages & gestures |
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Definition
| Iconicity: SOMETIMES present in both |
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Definition
| life support (breathing, heart rate, digestion) |
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Definition
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| homeostasis, survival emotions, and memory. Contains the hippocampus, hypothalamus, pituitary, amygdala |
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Definition
| relaying sensory information |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| parietal, temporal, occipital, and frontal |
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Term
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Definition
| different areas based on cell type and cell organization |
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Term
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Definition
| study of bumps on head to determine levels of intelligence in certain areas |
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Term
| fMRI - functional magnetic resonance imaging. |
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Definition
lets us see which areas of brain are
being used for a task.
Measures blood flow to particular areas of brain. More active areas use more blood |
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Term
| EEG/ERP - electroencephalograph |
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Definition
electrodes from cap records activity. Need to look at activity around specific
events |
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Definition
| Associative and Apperceptive. Mean's "lack of knowing". Results from damage to occipital lobe or other visual area. Inability to recognize a visually-presented object |
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Definition
| Will not recognize object upon sight, but can figure it out through other senses (taste, smell, feel) |
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Definition
| Person sees objects as parts, instead of a whole |
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Definition
| study of nature of world, justice, knowledge, existence. |
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Definition
| Focuses on relationship between mind and body. Therefore, provides many of the questions that cog. sci. asks |
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Definition
| Nature and origin of human knowledge |
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Definition
| Features of reality, nature of mind, nature of existence |
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| Evaluation of human conduct |
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Definition
| Descartes moved philosophy to a more empirical science. Other people and our own senses deceive us. |
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Definition
| introspection is unreliable, sense are. Knowledge comes from experience |
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Term
| Principles of Association |
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Definition
| Spatial and Temporal contiguity, similarity, contrast, and causality |
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Definition
| Mind and body are one thing (or only one of them exists). Two kinds: idealism and materialism |
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Definition
Nothing exists but the mind
• Solipsism--nothing exists but me |
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| Instead of nothing existing but mind, nothing exists but body (matter. |
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Definition
| mind is just brain. Thoughts/beliefs are real, but they are neural phenomena |
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Definition
Thoughts, beliefs, etc., are not real
phenomena, and cog. sci. will eliminate neuroscience advances |
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Definition
| Mental and physical both exist |
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Term
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Definition
| Physical causes mental. Something about brain processes gives rise to mind, but mind has no effect on brain. |
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Definition
| Mind and body are separate and isolated. Thought doesn't affect action and action doesn't affect thought. |
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Definition
| Mind controls body, body controls mind. Thoughts produce actions and vice versa |
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Definition
| Things can be classified by different ways (function or material). says mental states are physical states, and mind implements those states |
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Definition
| having awareness. Subjective quality of experience; existing in the mind |
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Term
| Psychological vs. Phenomenal |
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Definition
How does brain process stimuli & integrate
them (psychological)
Why does all this result in “subjective
experience”? (Phenomenal)P |
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Definition
| Not asleep, not dreaming, not hallucinating |
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Definition
| ability to be aware of one's own mental state |
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Definition
| Sense of self as unique individual |
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Definition
| the ability to describe your own mental state |
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Definition
| Cognitive resources devoted to something. |
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Term
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Definition
blindsight - cortical blindness, but can detect stimuli over certain threshold
Hemineglect - not being able to see something in the visual field |
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Definition
| Action is controlled by thought |
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Definition
| Qualitative feel - major property of phenomenal consciousness |
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Definition
| synchrony of firing of populations of neurons leads to perception of unified thing. consciousness might arise from this |
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Definition
| Studies decision making, emotional judgment, and ethics. |
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