Term
| What process occurs in meiosis but not mitosis? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the advantage of light microscopy over electron microscopy? |
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Definition
| light microscopy allows one to view dynamic processes in living cells |
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Term
Which of the following is present in a prokaryotic cell?
a. mitochondrion
b. ribosome
c. nuclear envelope
d. chlorplast
e. ER
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Definition
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Term
| What structure is common in both plant and animal cells |
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Definition
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Term
The reactions of the Calvin Cycle require which of the following?
A. carbon dioxide B. ATP C. glucose D. Ribulose bis-phosphate E. NADPH
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Definition
| CO2, ATP, Ribose bis-phosphate and NADPH but NOT glucose |
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Term
| How does ATP energize a cellular process? |
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Definition
| by coupling free energy released by ATP hydrolysis to free energy needed by other reactions. |
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Term
| What nitrogenous bases are purines, which are pyrimidines ? |
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Definition
purines - adenine and guanine
pyrimidines - cytosine and thymine or uracil |
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Term
| What happens to water in photosynthesis? |
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Definition
To be split, with the release of O2, electrons and H+ ions
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Term
| What processes does the development of a single fertilized cell into an adult multicellular animal include? |
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Definition
Mitosis
Apoptosis
Differentiatoin
Pattern Formation
NOT MEIOSIS |
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Term
Which term includes all others in the list?
a. protein
b. nucleic acid
c. macromolecule
d. RNA e. starch
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Definition
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Term
| In a eukaryote, the amount of protein made from a gene depends on what? |
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Definition
The extent and nature of histone modification
The presence of transcription factors for that gene
the degree of DNA methylation
The export of spliced mRNA from the nucleus
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Term
Which term includes all others in the list?
a. steroid hormone
b. triglyceride
c. lipid
d. phospholipids
e. unsaturated fat
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Definition
| a lipid, Any of a class of organic compounds that are fatty acids or their derivatives and are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents. They include many natural oils, waxes, and steroids |
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Term
| If a 2-cell embryo is separated into two, what will happen? |
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Definition
| the two cells will form two identical embryos |
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Term
| If DNA were hydrolysed by an enzyme that breaks the covalent bonds between the component monomers, what would happen? |
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Definition
The phosphodiester bonds between deoxyribose sugars would be broken
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Term
| What type of group does the 5' end of a nucleic acid have? |
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Definition
a phosphate group
the 3' end has a hydroxyl group |
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Term
| What increases cell membrane fluidity? |
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Definition
| a greater proportion of unsaturated phospholipids |
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Term
Which of the following require energy, which do not?
a. facilitated diffusion
b. the sodium-potassium pump
c. active transport
d. co-transport
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Definition
facilitated diffusion does not
the sodium-potassium pump, active transport, co-transport |
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Term
| In a eukaryote, what does the amount of protein made from a gene depend on? |
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Definition
a. the extent and nature of histone modification.
b. the presence of transcription factors for that gene.
c. the degree of DNA methylation.
d. the export of spliced mRNA from the nucleus.
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Term
If an animal cell were placed in a hypertonic solution it would...
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Definition
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Term
| In a nucleosome, what is the DNA wrapped around? |
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Definition
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Term
What is an example of a possible step in the post-transcription control of gene expression?
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Definition
| the removal of introns and the splicing together of exons |
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Term
The functioning of enhancers is an example of:
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Definition
| transcriptional control of gene expression |
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Term
| What are action potentials triggered by ? |
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Definition
|
depolarization that reaches the threshold
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Term
a. the addition of methyl groups to histone tails.
b. the binding of transcription factors to a promotor
c. the export of only correctly spliced mRNA molecules
d. the folding of DNA to form heterochromatin
e. the addition of methyl groups to DNA
are all examples of transcriptional control of gene expression EXCEPT |
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Definition
| c. the export of only correctly spliced mRNA molecules |
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Term
| Where are neurotransmitters located? |
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Definition
| on the post-synaptic cell |
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Term
| The codon UUU codes for phenylalanine in eukaryotes or prokaryotes, or both? |
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Definition
| both! codons code the same thing in prokaryotes and eukaryotes |
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Term
Which of the following is NOT true of RNA processing?
a. Exons are cut out before mRNA leaves the nucleus.
b. Nucleotides may be added at both ends of the RNA
c. Ribozymes may function in RNA splicing.
d. RNA splicing can be catalyzed by spliceosomes
e. A primary transcript is often much longer than the final RNA molecule that leaves the nucleus.
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Definition
a. Exons are cut out before mRNA leaves the nucleus.
introns are cut out |
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Term
| the anticodon of a particular tRNA molecule is complementary to what? |
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Definition
| the corresponding mRNA codon |
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Term
| In eukaryotic cells, what must occur before transcription can begin? |
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Definition
| several transcription factors must bind to the promoter |
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Term
| What usually starts up synthesis of a new DNA strand? |
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Definition
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Term
DNA replication is
a. conservative
b. semi-conservative
c. dispersive
d. semi-conservative in eukaryotes but not in prokaryotes
e. varies from species to species.
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Definition
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Term
| What proteins are involved in DNA replication? |
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Definition
primase, DNA polymerase, Ligase, single strand binding protein
NOT RNA POLYMERASE |
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Term
| Give two examples of Neurotransmitters. |
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Definition
| acetylcholine, serotonin, neuropeptides are a category, glutamic acid |
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Term
| A segment of DNA has a sequence of 5' TAGGGCCT3', what is it's complementary strand? |
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Definition
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Term
Are the following involved in transcription, translation or replication.
1. ribosomes
2. DNA polymerase
3. RNA polymerase
4. Golgi bodies
5. Ligase
6. Transcription factor |
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Definition
1. translation
2. replication
3. transcription
4. NONE
5. Ligase
6. transcription |
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Term
[image]
Indicate which letter responds to
RNA polymerase
ribosome
mRNA
DNA
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Definition
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Term
Name whether the following are made by DNA or proteins.
1.Promoter (piece of DNA to which RNA polymerase binds)
2. Transcription factor (binds to promoter)
3. RNA polymerase (enzymes)
4. Enhancer
5. Repressor
6. Coding region |
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Definition
1. DNA
2. protein
3. protein
4. DNA
5. protein
6. DNA |
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Term
12. An operon allows prokaryotes to regulate the production of all the enzymes in a metabolic pathway. This allows integrated control of metabolically related genes in prokaryotes. What aspect of operon structure allows the coordinated production of all enzymes in a metabolic pathway?
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Definition
An operon consists of one promoter for multiple genes which creates a polysistronic message a message with more than one gene unit in it.
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Term
Protein always involved in the cytoskeleton
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Definition
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Term
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Antigen-presenting protein on the surface of macrophages
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Definition
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Term
| Cell involved in cell-mediated arm of the immune system |
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Definition
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Term
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Antibody involved in secondary immune response
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Definition
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Term
Region of an antigen that binds to an antibody
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Definition
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Term
Protein involved the innate immune system
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Definition
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Term
Cell involved in humoral arm of the immune system
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Definition
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Term
Antigen presenting protein on the surface of most cell types
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Definition
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Term
Protein involved in the light reactions of photosynthesis
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Definition
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Term
Antibody involved in primary immune response
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Definition
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