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2.4.2 Artificial intelligence and expert systems
ITgs
15
Computer Science
12th Grade
01/05/2011

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Term
Turing Test
Definition
A test of a computer's ability to demonstrate intelligence, as measured by whether a human judge can reliably distinguish the computer from another human being by conversing with both in natural language over a terminal
Term
AI
Definition
The branch of computer science which aims to create intelligent machines; the study and design of intelligent agents, where an intelligent agent is a system that perceives its environment and takes actions which maximize its chances of success.
Term
parallel processing
Definition
The coordinated use of multiple processors to perform computational tasks
Term
Machine learning
Definition
The ability of a machine to improve its performance according to previous results
Term
Natural language
Definition
a human written or spoken language used by a community; opposed to e.g. a computer language
Term
common sense knowledge
Definition
commonsense knowledge is the collection of facts and information that an ordinary person is expected to know
Term
Agent
Definition
be able to analyze itself in terms of behavior, error and success.
learn and improve through interaction with the environment (embodiment)
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Term
pattern recognition
Definition
A computational technique used to find patterns and develop classification schemes for data in very large data sets.
Term
expert system
Definition
A type of application program that makes decisions or solves problems in a particular field by using knowledge and analytical rules defined by experts in the field
Term
knowledge base
Definition
A knowledge base (abbreviated KB, kb or Δ[1][2]) is a special kind of database for knowledge management, providing the means for the computerized collection, organization, and retrieval of knowledge.
Term
inference engine
Definition
In computer science, and specifically the branches of knowledge engineering and artificial intelligence, an inference engine is a computer program that tries to derive answers from a knowledge base
Term
heuristic
Definition
A heuristic computer program is one which begins with only an approximate method of solving a problem within the context of some goal, and then uses feedback from the effects of the solution to improve its own performance.
Term
fuzzy logic
Definition
a form of mathematical logic in which truth can assume a continuum of values between 0 and 1
Term
knowledge engineer
Definition
A computer specialist concerned with acquiring knowledge from subject-field experts and other knowledge sources and incorporating it into a knowledge base.
Term
Domain
Definition
A domain is a field of study that defines a set of common requirements, terminology, and functionality for any software program constructed to solve a problem in the area of computer programming, known as domain engineering.
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