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1st Semester Exam Bio
n/a
94
Biology
9th Grade
12/15/2012

Additional Biology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Function of Gaduated Cylinder
Definition
Measures volume of liquid
Term
Function of thermometer
Definition
Temperature
Term
Function of a beaker
Definition
holds liquid when being stored or observed
Term
Function of triple beam balance
Definition

weighing

finding the MASS of liquids and solids

Term
Function of goggles
Definition
Protects eyes
Term
Eye Safety Symbol
Definition
When working with chemicals
Term
Chemical safety
Definition

don't smell substance 

point it away from you

Term
Heat saftey symbol
Definition
Goggles/hair pulled back
Term
Personal Safety symbol
Definition
Closed toe shoes w/ adequite attire
Term
Scientific Method In order
Definition
  1. Problem
  2. Hypothesis
  3. Experiment (indepent, dependent variables etc)
  4. Collect data
  5. Conclusion
Term
Qualitative observations
Definition
colors, what kind, description
Term
Quantitative Observations
Definition
Numbers, how many
Term

Metric:

 

length

Definition
meters
Term

Metric:

 

volume

Definition
mililiters
Term

Metric:

 

volume

(solid)

Definition

cm3

m3

mm3

Term

Metric:

 

mass

Definition
grams
Term

Metric:

 

area

Definition
cm2, m2, mm2
Term

Metric:

 

density

Definition

g/cm3

g/ml

Term
Educated Guess
Definition
Hypothesis
Term
Independent Varibale
Definition
What is changed on purpose in an experiment
Term
Dependent Variable
Definition
What changes because of the independent variable
Term
Experimental Group
Definition
Group that the independent variable is applied to
Term
Control Group
Definition
Doesn't get any change, stays the same
Term
Define biology
Definition
Scientific study of life
Term
Macro
Definition
Large
Term
Hyper
Definition
Above, Over
Term
Hypo
Definition
Below, under
Term
Endo
Definition
Inner, outside
Term
Exo
Definition
outside of
Term
Define Cell
Definition
smallest unit of life -- all living organisms
Term
What is homeostasis?
Definition

Maintence of normal internal conditions in a call or an organism by means of self regulation

 

Maintains equilibrium 

Term
Characteristics that indentify something as living
Definition

-1+ cells

-Reproduction

-Growth & Development

-Adaptation

-Homeostasis

-Responsiveness

Term
Levels of organization from smallest to largest
Definition
Atom, molecule, cell, tisssue, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, excosystem, biosphere
Term
Basic unit of all matter
Definition
atom
Term
List the 3 sub atomic particles and where they're located in the atom
Definition

protons & neutrons --- nucleus

electrons --- outside in energy level/cloud

Term
The sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom is known as its
Definition
Mass Number
Term
Space surrounding the nucleus of an atom contains ______ housing the electrons
Definition
Energy levels
Term
A substance made up only of one kind of atom is known as its:
Definition
Element
Term
Elements are organized in the ___ based on their chemical properties
Definition
Periodic Table
Term
Shorthand used to represent the symbol's name
Definition
Chemical symbol
Term
What are different elements chemcial combined
Definition
Compound
Term
An atom with 15 protons and 16 neutrons have an atomic number of
Definition
15
Term
What makes up a molecules of water? Indicate the number of atoms per element
Definition

Hydrogen and oxygen

2 hydrogen and 1 oxygen atom

Term
The ________in the periodic table are called periods
Definition
Rows
Term
The _______ in the perodic table are called families
Definition
Columns
Term
atoms that are electrically charged are called
Definition
Ions
Term
The difference between convalent and ionic bonds
Definition

Ionic - bond between negative and positive ion

 

Covalent - Share electrons (ex. water)

Term
Define pH
Definition
Scale to identify acidity of something
Term
A substance with equal numbers of H+ and OH- is _____ substance
Definition
Neutral
Term
the pH of an acid substance range from ____ to ____?
Definition

0-6.4

 

The closer the number is to 0 means its more acidic

Term
The pH of a base substance range from ___ to ___?
Definition

7.5-14

 

Higher to 15 means a stronger base

Term
What is a solution?
Definition
Mixture made up of a solute and solvent
Term
What macromolecule is an important part of membranes and waterproof coverings?
Definition
Lipids
Term
Proteins that speed up the rate of a chemical reaction in the cell are called
Definition
enzymes
Term
Macromolecules with diverse functions in our body such as moving oxygen through the cell
Definition
Hemogloban
Term
The most common monosaccaride
Definition
Glucose
Term
The most abundant carbohydrate on Earth
Definition
cellulose
Term
Process of joining monomers to form polymers is called
Definition

dehydration reaction

 

 

Term
Proteins are mad eup of monomers called
Definition
Amino acids
Term
Nucleic acids are made up of monomers called
Definition
Nucleotides
Term
Lipids are made up of two monomers called
Definition
Fatty acids and glycerol
Term
4 major biological macromolecules essential to living organisms?
Definition

1) carbohydrates (Polymer)

2) Lipids ( 2 monomers)

3) Protein (polymer)

4) Nucleic Acids (polymer)

Term
What is a prokaryotic cell?
Definition
Cell w/ undefined nucleus and lacks membrane bound organelles
Term

What is a eukaryotic cell?

 

Definition

Defined nucleus

 

Larger

 

Membrane bound organelles

Term
What do eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells have in common?
Definition
  • Cell membrane
  • Ribosomes
  • Cytoplasm
Term
What is an organelle?
Definition
Small structure in a cell with a specific function
Term
3 parts of the Cell Theory
Definition
  1. Cell is the basic unit of life
  2. All living things are made of cells
  3. Cells come from preexisting cells
Term
What do plant cells have that animal cells do not?
Definition
Cell Wal, Central vacuole, chloroplast
Term
What do eurkaryotic cells ahve that prokaryotic cells DO NOT?
Definition
  • Defined Nucleus 
  • Membrane Bound Organelles
Term
Who is Robert Hooke?
Definition

First to use a microscrope to see nonliving cells

 

CORK

Term
Who is Leeuwenhoek?
Definition

Living cell in microscope - animal cell

 

 

Term
A large fluid sac found in plant cells
Definition
Large Vacuole
Term
Double membrane organelle containing chlorophyll where photosythesis takes place
Definition
Chloroplast
Term
Gelantinous fluid between the cell membrane and the nuclear membrane; it houses all cell organelles
Definition
Cytoplasm
Term
Contols and manages ALL cell activites
Definition
Nucleus
Term
Interconnected membranes responsible for the production and movement of proteins
Definition
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Term
Protein production site
Definition
Ribosme
Term
Export and packages proteins and lipids
Definition
Golgi Appartus
Term
Contains enxymes to breakdown and get rid of wastes and word out cell parts
Definition
Lysosome 
Term
Only in Animal Cells
Definition
Centrioles and lysosomes
Term
Powerhouse of the cell
Definition
mitochondiria
Term
Composed if phospholipids bi-layered mebrane
Definition
Cell membrane
Term
Strong and rigid structure in plant cells made up of cellulosue
Definition
cell wall
Term
Framework of the cell; provides support and its composed of microtubules
Definition
Cytoskeleton 
Term
Difference between osmosis and diffusion
Definition
Osmosis is the diffusion of water while diffusion is carbon dioxide and oxygen molecules moving
Term
Similarities between osmosis and diffusion
Definition
  • movement until equilibrium is reached 
  • passive transport
Term
Differences between active and passive transport
Definition

Active - moves against the concentration gradient and it low to high

 

Passive - no energy used and is high to low

Term
Differences between hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic
Definition
  • Hypertonic - water is moving out of the cell
  • Hypotonic - Water is moving in the cell
  • Isotonic - no movement because equilibrium is reached or molecules are evenly distributed
Term
Similarites between hypertonic, hypotonic and isotonic
Definition
  • Osmosis 
  •  move molecules unti equilibrium is reached
Term
Differences between exocytosis and endocytosis?
Definition

exo - out of the cell

endo - in the cell

Term
Similarites between exocytosis and endocytosis?
Definition
  • Active transport
  • Uses vesicles to move molecules
Term
Define concentration gradient? 
Definition

Related to the amount of solute or solvent in a solution 

 

Molecules will either move high/low low/high

Term
Define equilibrium
Definition
Molecules are evenly distributed throughout the cell or system
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