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| Function of Gaduated Cylinder |
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| Measures volume of liquid |
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| holds liquid when being stored or observed |
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| Function of triple beam balance |
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weighing
finding the MASS of liquids and solids |
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| When working with chemicals |
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don't smell substance
point it away from you |
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| Closed toe shoes w/ adequite attire |
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| Scientific Method In order |
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- Problem
- Hypothesis
- Experiment (indepent, dependent variables etc)
- Collect data
- Conclusion
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| colors, what kind, description |
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| Quantitative Observations |
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| What is changed on purpose in an experiment |
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| What changes because of the independent variable |
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| Group that the independent variable is applied to |
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| Doesn't get any change, stays the same |
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| smallest unit of life -- all living organisms |
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Maintence of normal internal conditions in a call or an organism by means of self regulation
Maintains equilibrium |
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| Characteristics that indentify something as living |
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-1+ cells
-Reproduction
-Growth & Development
-Adaptation
-Homeostasis
-Responsiveness |
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| Levels of organization from smallest to largest |
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| Atom, molecule, cell, tisssue, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, excosystem, biosphere |
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| List the 3 sub atomic particles and where they're located in the atom |
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protons & neutrons --- nucleus
electrons --- outside in energy level/cloud |
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| The sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom is known as its |
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| Space surrounding the nucleus of an atom contains ______ housing the electrons |
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| A substance made up only of one kind of atom is known as its: |
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| Elements are organized in the ___ based on their chemical properties |
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| Shorthand used to represent the symbol's name |
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| What are different elements chemcial combined |
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| An atom with 15 protons and 16 neutrons have an atomic number of |
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| What makes up a molecules of water? Indicate the number of atoms per element |
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Hydrogen and oxygen
2 hydrogen and 1 oxygen atom |
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| The ________in the periodic table are called periods |
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| The _______ in the perodic table are called families |
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| atoms that are electrically charged are called |
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| The difference between convalent and ionic bonds |
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Ionic - bond between negative and positive ion
Covalent - Share electrons (ex. water) |
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| Scale to identify acidity of something |
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| A substance with equal numbers of H+ and OH- is _____ substance |
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| the pH of an acid substance range from ____ to ____? |
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0-6.4
The closer the number is to 0 means its more acidic |
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| The pH of a base substance range from ___ to ___? |
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7.5-14
Higher to 15 means a stronger base |
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| Mixture made up of a solute and solvent |
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| What macromolecule is an important part of membranes and waterproof coverings? |
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| Proteins that speed up the rate of a chemical reaction in the cell are called |
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| Macromolecules with diverse functions in our body such as moving oxygen through the cell |
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| The most common monosaccaride |
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| The most abundant carbohydrate on Earth |
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| Process of joining monomers to form polymers is called |
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| Proteins are mad eup of monomers called |
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| Nucleic acids are made up of monomers called |
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| Lipids are made up of two monomers called |
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| 4 major biological macromolecules essential to living organisms? |
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1) carbohydrates (Polymer)
2) Lipids ( 2 monomers)
3) Protein (polymer)
4) Nucleic Acids (polymer) |
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| What is a prokaryotic cell? |
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| Cell w/ undefined nucleus and lacks membrane bound organelles |
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What is a eukaryotic cell?
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Defined nucleus
Larger
Membrane bound organelles |
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| What do eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells have in common? |
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Definition
- Cell membrane
- Ribosomes
- Cytoplasm
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| Small structure in a cell with a specific function |
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| 3 parts of the Cell Theory |
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- Cell is the basic unit of life
- All living things are made of cells
- Cells come from preexisting cells
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| What do plant cells have that animal cells do not? |
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| Cell Wal, Central vacuole, chloroplast |
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| What do eurkaryotic cells ahve that prokaryotic cells DO NOT? |
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- Defined Nucleus
- Membrane Bound Organelles
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First to use a microscrope to see nonliving cells
CORK |
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Living cell in microscope - animal cell
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| A large fluid sac found in plant cells |
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Definition
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| Double membrane organelle containing chlorophyll where photosythesis takes place |
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| Gelantinous fluid between the cell membrane and the nuclear membrane; it houses all cell organelles |
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| Contols and manages ALL cell activites |
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| Interconnected membranes responsible for the production and movement of proteins |
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| Rough endoplasmic reticulum |
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| Export and packages proteins and lipids |
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| Contains enxymes to breakdown and get rid of wastes and word out cell parts |
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| Composed if phospholipids bi-layered mebrane |
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| Strong and rigid structure in plant cells made up of cellulosue |
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| Framework of the cell; provides support and its composed of microtubules |
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Definition
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| Difference between osmosis and diffusion |
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| Osmosis is the diffusion of water while diffusion is carbon dioxide and oxygen molecules moving |
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| Similarities between osmosis and diffusion |
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Definition
- movement until equilibrium is reached
- passive transport
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| Differences between active and passive transport |
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Definition
Active - moves against the concentration gradient and it low to high
Passive - no energy used and is high to low |
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| Differences between hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic |
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Definition
- Hypertonic - water is moving out of the cell
- Hypotonic - Water is moving in the cell
- Isotonic - no movement because equilibrium is reached or molecules are evenly distributed
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| Similarites between hypertonic, hypotonic and isotonic |
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Definition
- Osmosis
- move molecules unti equilibrium is reached
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| Differences between exocytosis and endocytosis? |
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Definition
exo - out of the cell
endo - in the cell |
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| Similarites between exocytosis and endocytosis? |
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Definition
- Active transport
- Uses vesicles to move molecules
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| Define concentration gradient? |
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Definition
Related to the amount of solute or solvent in a solution
Molecules will either move high/low low/high |
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| Molecules are evenly distributed throughout the cell or system |
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