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1st semester science exam review
terms
61
Science
9th Grade
01/10/2012

Additional Science Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

 

 

Motion

Definition

 

 

a change in position

Term

 

 

Force 

Definition

 

 

a push or pull that one body exerts on another

Term

 

 

Action- Reaction Forces

Definition

 

 

Newtons third law of motion, for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Term

 

 

Rate

Definition

 

 

any change over time

Term

 

 

Thermal Pollution

Definition

 

 

waste thermal energy changes the temperature of the enviornment

Term

 

 

Experiment

Definition

 

 

a controlled procedure for testing a hypothesis

Term

 

 

Newton's first law of motion

Definition

 

 

an object in motion stays in motion unless a net force acts on it.

Term

 

 

Newton's second law of motion

Definition

 

 

an object accelerates in the direction of the net force applied to it.

Term

 

 

Newton's third law of motion

Definition

 

 

for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

Term

 

 

Air Resistance

Definition

 

 

upward force exerted on an object falling through air

Term

 

 

Work

Definition

 

 

transfer of energy through motion

Term

 

 

Energy

Definition

 

 

the ability to cause change

Term

 

 

a triangle is the symbol for:

Definition

 

 

any change in something

Term

 

 

Heat

Definition

 

energy that flows from something with a higher temperature to something with a lower temperature

Term

 

 

Chemical Potential Energy

Definition

 

stored energy for future use (examples: coal food, batteries, gasoline, etc.)

Term

 

 

Gravitational Potential Energy

Definition

 

 

energy due to an objects position

Term

 

 

Temperature

Definition

 

 

a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample of matter

Term

 

 

Specific Heat

Definition

 

 

the amount of energy it takes to raise the temperature of 1kg of a material to 1K

Term

 

 

Conduction

Definition

 

 

the transfer of energy through matter by direct contact of particles

Term

 

 

Convection

Definition

 

 

transfer of energy through matter by movement of the matter itself

Term

 

 

Radiation

Definition

 

 

transfer of energy that does not require matter

Term

 

 

Intake Stroke

Definition

 

 

a fuel-air mixture enters the cylinder

Term

 

 

Compression Stroke

Definition

 

 

a piston moves upward squeezing the fuel-air mixture into a smaller space.

Term

 

 

Power Stroke

Definition

 

 

Combustion of the fuel forcesforces the piston downward

Term

 

 

Exhaust Stroke

Definition

 

 

waste products of burned fuel are forced out of the cylinder

Term

 

 

Wedge

Definition

 

 

a simple machine consisting of an inclined plane with one or two sloping sides

Term

 

 

Incline Plane

Definition

 

 

a simple machine consisting of a sloping surface used to raise objects

Term

 

 

Fulcrum

Definition

 

 

fixed point around which a lever pivots

Term

 

 

Wheel and axle

Definition

 

 

a simple machine consisting of two wheels of different sizes that are connected so they rotate together.

Term

 

 

Lever

Definition

 

 

a simple machine consisting of a bar that is free to pivot around a fixed point

Term

 

 

Pulley

Definition

 

 

simple machine consising of a grooved wheel with a rope or a chain running along the grove

Term

 

 

Power

Definition

 

 

the rate at which work is done

Term

 

 

1st class lever

Definition

 

 

resistance force, fulcrum, decrease in effort force

 

Term

 

 

2nd class lever

Definition

 

 

fulcrum, resistance force, increase in effort force

Term

 

 

3rd class lever

Definition

 

 

fulcrum, incease in effort force, resistance force

Term

 

 

Mechanical Advantage

Definition

 

 

number of times a machine multiplies the effort force

Term

 

 

Effort Force

Definition

 

 

force applied to a machine

Term

 

 

Resistance Force

Definition

 

 

force exerted by a machine

Term

 

 

Ideal Machine

Definition

 

 

a machine in which work input equals work output

Term

 

 

Physical Science

Definition

 

 

the study of matter and energy

Term

 

 

Line Graph

Definition

 

 

shows continuous trends or changes often over time

Term

 

 

Dependant Variable

Definition

 

 

the factor in an experiment that is forced to change.  "The effect"

Term

 

 

Technology

Definition

 

 

the application of science to improve the quality of life

Term

 

 

Kelvin

Definition

 

 

unit of temperature

Term

 

 

Bar Graph

Definition

 

 

shows information collected by counting

Term

 

 

Pie Graph

Definition

 

 

shows how a fixed quantity is broken down in parts

Term

 

 

Independant Variable

Definition

 

 

the factor in an experiment that is changed to see what effect it will have on another variable

Term

 

 

Hypothesis

Definition

 

 

a proposed solution to a problem or explanation of how something might work

Term

 

 

Scientific Law

Definition

 

 

a rule that describes a pattern in nature; describes what is observed

Term

 

 

Theory

Definition

 

 

a former hypothesis that has been tested with repeated experiments and observations

Term

 

 

Heat Engine

Definition

 

 

a device that converts thermal energy into mechanical energy

Term

 

 

Density

Definition

 

 

how tightly packed a substance is

Term

 

 

S.I.

Definition

 

 

System of measurment used worldwide

Term

 

 

Friction

Definition

 

 

the force that resists motion between 2 surfaces that are touching each other

Term

 

 

Standard of measurement

Definition

 

 

S.I. unit

 

Term

 

 

Interia

Definition

 

 

the tendancy of an object to resist any change in its mtion

Term

 

 

Gravity

Definition

 

 

the attracting force exerted by every object on every other object in the universe

Term

 

 

Acceleration

Definition

 

 

the rate of change in velocity

Term

 

 

Terminal Velocity

 

Definition

 

 

highest velocity reached by a falling object.

Term

 

 

Centripetal Force

Definition

 

 

object moves in a circular path, it acclelerates toward the center of the circle

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