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| An idea or explanation that is based on observations and that can be tested |
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| An explanation for some phenomenon that is based on observation, experimentation, and reasoning; that is supported by a large quantity or evidence; and does not conflict with any existing experimental results or observations. |
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The series of steps followed to solve problems, including collecting data, formulating a hypothesis, testing the hypothesis, and stating conclusions.
1.Observation
2.Hypothesis
3.Prediction
4.Experiment
5.Conclusion
6.Show |
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| A decimal-based standard system of measurement that is used by scientists. |
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Kangaroos Have Dandruff But Don't Care Much
kilo hecto deka meter deci centi milli
k-kilo
h-hecto
d-deca
\grams\meters\liters <--basic units
d-deci
c-centi
m-milli |
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The formula for density is d=m÷v
d = density
m = mass
v = volume |
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| A usually microscopic structure containing nuclear and cytoplasmic material enclosed by a semipermeable membrane and, in plants, a cell wall; the basic structural unit of all organisms. |
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| the tendency of a system, especially the physiological system of higher animals, to maintain internal stability, owing to the coordinated response of its parts to any situation or stimulus that would tend to disturb its normal condition or function. |
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1.EYEPIECE or OCULAR LENS
- the lens at the top that you look through. They are usually 10X or 15X power.
2.DRAW TUBE
-carries the eyepiece
3.BODY TUBE
-it holds the objective power
OPTICAL PARTS:
A.)LOW POWER OBJECTIVE
-shorter power
B.)MEDIUM POWER OBJECTIVE
-medium power
C.)HIGH POWER OBJECTIVE
-highest power
4.DUST TUBE
-protect the objective power
5.REVOLVING NOSEPIECE
-to shift or use to revolve the objective power
6.ARM or LIMB
-for holding and grasping the microscope
7.KNOB
PARTS:
A.)COARSE ADJUSTMENT KNOB
-used to raise and lowers the objective power
B.)FINE ADJUSTMENT KNOB
-used to raising the lower H.P.O
8.STAGE
-where you place the specimen
9.STAGE CLIP
-holds the glass slide
10.DIAPHRAGM
-control the amount of light that will enter to the microscope
11.MIRROR
- it is used to reflect light from an external light source up through the bottom of the stage.
12.MIRROR RACK
-holds the mirror in place
13.INCLINATION JOINTS
-incline the microscope
14.BASE OR FOOT
-The bottom of the microscope, used for support |
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| microscope magnifications |
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High-100x x objective-10 = magnification
Low-40x
Lower-10x |
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| the substance or substances of which any physical object consists or is composed |
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| a collection of incoherent particles, parts, or objects regarded as forming one body |
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| forms when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons. |
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| A chemical link between two atoms caused by the electrostatic force between oppositely-charged ions in an ionic compound. |
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| Polarity is charge inequality on two ends of any molecule. Due to the unequal distribution of electrons in water molecule, one part of the molecule is more negatively charged than the other part. |
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| The pH scale measures how acidic or basic a substance is. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14. A pH of 7 is neutral. A pH less than 7 is acidic. A pH greater than 7 is basic. |
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| The ion H3O+, consisting of a protonated water molecule and present in all aqueous acids. |
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| The ion OH-, characteristic of basic hydroxides. Also called hydroxyl ion. |
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| a "link" that is linked to itself to create a "chain"(polymer) |
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carbs-monosaccharides
proteins-amino acids
lipids-fatty acids
nucleic acid-nucleotides |
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| The two layers of phospholipids arranged in such a way that their hydrophobic tails are projecting inwards while their polar head groups are projecting on the outside surfaces |
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| hydrophilic and hydrophobic |
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| Water is hydrophillic ( mixes with water easily ) and oils or fats are generally hydrophobic. |
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| A substance produced by a living organism that acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction |
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| the quality or process of exerting energy or of accomplishing an effect. |
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| produces energy through cellular respiration |
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| synthesis, packages and releases concentrate proteins or lipids |
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| gel like substance where all the chemicals take place in a cell |
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| for cellular division and cellular reproduction |
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| supports structure and helps move synthesized proteins |
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| contain hydrolytic enzymes for digestion |
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| moves protein, lipid and carbohydrate |
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| separates cell contents from the environment |
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| information center of the cell |
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| site of ribosome synthesis |
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All living things are made of cells.
Cells are the basic units of life.
Cells come only from other cells. |
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| rounded, cylindrical, and irregular |
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| Cell Surface area - to - volume ratio |
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| The surface area must be large enough to supply the volume of the whole cell. Only a certain amount of molecules may pass the plasma membrane at a time. When the volume surpasses the surface area, the cell will stop growing. |
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| cell membrane - selectively permeability |
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| It needs to control entering and leaving through the cell. |
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prokaryote=has no cell membrane bound organelles just DNA and ribosomes+flagellum
eukaryote=organelles |
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| Active and Passive Transport |
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Active transport is the movement of solutes against concentration gradient or electrical gradient.
Passive Transport is the movement of solutes towards the concentration gradient or electrical gradient. |
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