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| anything with mass and volume |
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| fixed composition, element or compound |
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| variable composition, heterogeneous or homogeneous |
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| two or more kinds of atoms, chemically combined |
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uniform
ex: salene solution |
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not uniform
ex: many rocks |
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ConcepTest: which is a homogeneous mixture?
A. CO2
B. Lithium
C. Clean Air
D. Salad Dressing |
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fixed volume and fixed shape
molecules organized, rigid, close together |
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fixed folume, no fixed shape
particles close together but disorganized |
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neither fixed volume nor fixed shape
particles far apart, moving around, fill container |
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| attributes, characteristics |
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shown by matter its self, w/o changing internally or reacting with something else
intensive or extensive
ex: hydrogen is lighter than air and clear |
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related to changes in composition, shown as matter changes into/reacts with another substance
ex: hydrogen is flamable |
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ConcepTest: what is a chemical property of iron?
A. solid at 300k
C. iron conducts heat
D. denisty of 7.86 g/cm3
D. rusts
E. melts |
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| independent of the amount of substance |
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| dependent on the amount of substance |
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| When oil (yellow), water (blue), and corn syrup (red) are poured into a graduated cylinder what will the colors be from bottom to top? |
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ConcepTest: which is a physical change?
A. silver tarnishing
B. dry ice sublimating
C. food digesting
D. making water from hydrogen and oxygen
E. splitting salt into sodium and chlorine |
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| equation for kinetic energy |
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| four types of potential energy |
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gravitational
mechanical (spring)
electrostatic (charge)
chemical (combustion) |
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ConcepTest: which of the following is incorrect?
Higher PE --> Lower PE
A. Raised weight to lowered weight
B. Stretched spring to relaxed spring
C. +/- together to +/- separated
D. gasoline to products of gas combustion |
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| C. +/- together to +/- separated because charges together are more neutral and more stable --> less energy |
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| two general rules for energy |
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1. lower energy states are favored
2. energy is conserved
PE can be converted to KE but the sum of PE+KE is constant |
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