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| The WHO defines mental health as |
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Definition
| a state of well-being in which each individual is able to realize his or her own potential, cope with the normal stresses of life, work productively and fruitfully, and make a contribution to the community. |
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| Mental health provides people with the capacity for |
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| rational thinking, communication skills, learning, emotional growth, resilience, and self-esteem |
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| In the past, the term mental illness was applied to behaviors considered |
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| “strange” and “different” |
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| Mental illness is defined as |
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| considered to be a clinically significant behavioral or psychological syndrome marked by the patient's distress, disability, or the risk of suffering disability or loss of freedom |
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| the term Mental illness refers to |
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| all mental disorders with definable diagnoses. |
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| mental health and mental illness can be conceptualized as points along a |
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| Well-being is characterized by |
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| adequate to high-level functioning in response to routine stress and resultant anxiety or distress. |
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| A characteristic of mental health, increasingly being promoted and essential to the recovery process |
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| Resilience is closely associated with the process of |
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| Throughout history, people have interpreted health or sickness according to |
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| what seem to occur in specific sociocultural contexts and are easily recognized by people in those cultures |
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| The psychological focus was challenged in 1952 when ____________ was found to have a calming effect on agitated, out-of-control patients |
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Definition
| chlorpromazine (Thorazine) |
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Term
| what is the diathesis-stress model |
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Definition
| in which diathesis represents biological predisposition, and stress represents environmental stress or trauma—is the most accepted explanation for mental illness. This nature-plus-nurture argument asserts that most psychiatric disorders result from a combination of genetic vulnerability and negative environmental stressors. |
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| Groups of people with mental illnesses advocating for their rights. |
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| What national advocacy group that was formed in 1979 by people with mental illnesses and their families |
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| National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI) |
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Term
| 10 fundamental components of the recovery process: |
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Definition
1. Self-directed
2. Individual- and person-centered
3. Empowering
4. Holistic
5. Nonlinear:
6. Strengths-based:
7. Peer-supported:
8. Respect:
9. Responsibility:
10. Hope: |
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Term
| what was the Mental Health Parity Act of 1996 |
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Definition
| this legislation required insurers that provide mental health coverage to offer annual and lifetime benefits at the same level provided for medical/surgical coverage. |
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Term
| what was the Wellstone-Domenici Parity Act of 2008 |
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Definition
| it was for group health plans with more than 50 employees. While mental health coverage is still not mandated under any plan, the new law requires that any plan providing mental health coverage must do so in the same manner as medical/surgical coverage. Equal coverage includes deductibles, copayments, coinsurance, and out-of-pocket expenses as well as treatment limitations. |
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| quantitative study of the distribution of mental disorders in human populations |
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| Incidence refers to the number of new cases of mental disorders in a healthy population within a given period of time—for example, the number of New York City adolescents who were diagnosed with major depression between 2000 and 2010 |
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| Prevalence describes the total number of cases, new and existing, in a given population during a specific period of time, regardless of when they became ill (e.g., the number of adolescents who screen positive for major depression in New York City schools between 2000 and 2010) |
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Term
| which organization provides a summary of statistics describing the prevalence of mental disorders in the United States |
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Definition
| National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) (2001) |
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| individuals that have more than one mental disorder at a time |
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| is a broad field that addresses what happens after people with illnesses are seen by providers of clinical care. Studies use traditional epidemiological methods and are conducted in groups usually defined by the illness or symptoms or by diagnostic procedures or treatments given for the illness or symptoms. |
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Term
| whatare two major mental health classification systems |
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Definition
| DSM-IV-TR and the ICD(International Classification of Disease), |
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Term
| what are the 5 axis in the DSM-IV-IR system? |
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Definition
1 Clinical disorders
2 Personality disorders
3 General medical conditions
4 Psychosocial and environmental problems
5 Global Assessment of Functioning |
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Term
| the international standard for diagnostic classification for all diseases is the |
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| a document that helps identify epidemiological trends among populations in an effort to report and manage the global burden of disease. |
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Term
| 10 clinical disease classifications: |
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Definition
1. Organic—including symptomatic—mental disorders
2. Mental and behavioral disorders due to psychoactive substance use
3. Schizophrenia, schizotypal, and delusional disorders
4. Mood (affective) disorders
5. Neurotic, stress-related, and somatoform disorders
6. Behavioral syndromes associated with physiological disturbances and physical factors
7. Disorders of adult personality and behavior
8. Mental retardation
9. Disorders of psychological development
10. Behavioral and emotional disorders with onset usually occurring in childhood and adolescence |
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Term
| define the focus of psychiatric mental health nursing |
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Definition
| as “promoting mental health through the assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of human responses to mental health problems and psychiatric disorders” |
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| The Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) is organized into what 7 domains? |
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| functional health, physiological health, psychosocial health, health knowledge and behavior, perceived health, family health, and community health. |
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| Bulechek and colleagues (2008)define a nursing intervention as |
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Definition
| “any treatment, based upon clinical judgment and knowledge, that a nurse performs to enhance patient/client outcomes” |
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| Psychiatric nurses are qualified to practice at what two operational levels |
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1. Resilience, the capacity to rebound from stressors via adaptive coping, is associated with positive mental health. Your friend has just been laid off from his job. Which of the following responses on your part would most likely contribute to enhanced resilience?
1. Using your connections to set up an interview with your employer
2. Connecting him with a friend of the family who owns his own business
3. Supporting him in arranging, preparing for, and completing multiple interviews
4. Helping him to understand that the layoff resulted from troubles in the economy and is not his fault |
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2. Which of the following situations best supports the stress-diathesis model of mental illness development?
1. The rate of suicide increases during times of national disaster and despair.
2. Four of five siblings in the Jones family develop bipolar disorder by the age of 30.
3. A man with no prior mental health problems experiences sadness after his divorce.
4. A man develops schizophrenia, but his identical twin remains free of mental illness. |
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3. Identify all of the following statements about mental illness which are correct:
1. In any given year, about 20% of adults experience a mental disorder.
2. Mental health is best represented as a continuum of levels of functioning.
3. Mental disorders and diagnoses occur very consistently across cultures.
4. Most serious mental illnesses are psychological rather than biological in nature.
5. The President's New Freedom Commission highlighted significant gaps in care.
6. “Parity” refers to relating to mentally ill persons the same as to the non–mentally ill. |
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4. Which of the following disorders would be included on Axis I of the DSM IV-TR?
1. Major depression, dementia, and alcoholism
2. Diabetes type I or II, Parkinson's disease, and seizure disorders
3. Narcissistic, borderline, and paranoid personality disorders
4. Mental retardation and psychosocial stressors such as divorce |
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5. Which of the following actions represent the primary focus of psychiatric nursing for a basic-level registered nurse?
1. Determining a patient's diagnosis according to the DSM-IV-TR
2. Ordering diagnostic tests such as EEGs or CT or MRI scans
3. Identifying how a patient is coping with a symptom such as hallucinations
4. Guiding a patient to learn and use a variety of stress-management techniques
5. Helping a patient without transportation find a way to his treatment appointments
6. Collecting petition signatures seeking the removal of stigmatizing images on television |
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