1. State Problem
2. Design Research
3. Collect the Data
4. Analyze the Date
5. Conclusion

1st Step of Research

State the Problem

*This is where we state the ?, we want to do research on 

Includes a lg. # of important factors:

Theory, Proposition, Hypothesis, Concept & Variable

You have to come up w/a Theory you are going to use to explain that.

FYN: THEORIES COME from library research, scientific journals, (papers are people opinions)

2nd Step of Research

Design of Research

We are talking about 2 fundemental issues:

Measurment & Sampling

3rd Step of Research

Collecting Data

There are a # of ways to collect Data.

(MZ is going to go thru 5 to 7 w/us)

4th Step of Research

Analysis

Talking about 2 things

1. Quality of Data
2. Statistal Analysis of Data

5th Step of Research

Reaching Conclusions

1st step of Research

State the Problem

This is where we state the ?, we want to do research on.

Ex. St. Lukes Med. School

Who is drinking & driving? Young Blk males

One thing to ask a ?,

Another thing is to answer it.

In order to answer it you have to go thru 5 steps.

1. Theory
2. Proposition
3. Hypothesis
4. Concept
5. Variable

(One thing to ask a ?)

You got to come up w/a Theory to use to explain it

_____ come from Library Research.     

 EXPLANATION, Tells you what Truth is                                                                            

set of interrelated Propositions to explain Reality.

Reality is truth

FYN: Proposition is a statement that proposes 2 or more Concepts are related.

Ex. Parents & Bordom

FYN: Concept is a Definition w/no meaning

Ex. Guy says I Love you (Scientific Language, it has no meaning)

Operationalisation

We move things w/no meaning to things w/meaning

FYN:

Has 2 fundemental things you have to do:

1) Change Proposition to Hypothesis

2) Concepts to Variables

(failure to do any of those you are not doing research)

Variable

(Concept)

Is a clear cut specific measurement of a concept.

-To be a variable you must do a measure that    produces 2 or more responses.(Yes, no are 2 responses)

-Must have a measurement that varies. It varies

Ex. Stealing Lipsticks

*If you get a lot of yes's & lot of no's you have variation

When we Operationlize Variable

3 types

1. Independent Variable - Presumed cause
2. Controled Variable ( 2 types)                 *Antecedent - comes 1rst in ime *Intervening - comes btwn you IV & DV
3. Dependant Variable - Presumed Outcome (you only have 1, you are out to explain 1 thing)

Variable that either come 1rst in time or later in time.

EX. Gender - (it is Antecedent)

2nd Operationalize - Turn Propositions into: 

Hypothesis

States how 2 or more variables are related.

How & Variables are 2 key words

To Operationalize we have to tell how.

How is divided into 2 major Categories

1. Linear ( 3 types of Linear)
2. Curve Linear Hypothesis

3 Types of Linear

Hypothesis

1. Null Hypothesis - tells how they are related, they are not related.
2. Direct - states as 1 variable goes up the next variable goes up or reverse
3. Inverse - if one goes up the other comes dwn. Going in Opposite Direction

Ex. How much money do you make w/different degrees.

Curve Alinear

(Hypothesis)

Means it is a curve, not a straight line, there is lots of curves

EX. Curve for eduction & income, as your education goes up your income goes up until you have a MA, every yr after that it declines.

Indiv. w/PHD makes less money then indiv. w/MS