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19th Century Art Exam 1
19th Century Exam 1 Roccoco - Napoleonic Era
54
Art History
Undergraduate 3
03/28/2011

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Cards

Term
French Baroque
Definition
Masculine, dramatic, light and shade, Louis XIV era
Term
Absolutism
Definition
Absolute Power
Term
Versailles
Definition
the palace of The king of France, Louis XIV, "guilded imprisonment" to whoever was invited there.
Term
Rococo
Definition
Feminine- Begins with the death of Louis XIV. Aristocratic Era. Celebration -freedom from Versailles. Paris is the new center. Decorative Arts - Interior Design. Intimate. Irregularly shaped shell
Term
Hotel
Definition
French Townhouse
Term
Arcadia
Definition
Perfect garden of beauty
Term
Putti
Definition
little childlike chubby flying- baroque- usually male
Term
Enlightenment
Definition
informed, intelligence, question everything, question the divine right of kings, eventually led to revolution
Term
Philosophes
Definition
Philosophers, Voltaire, Diderot
Term
Denis Diderot
Definition
co-founder and chief editor of and contributor to the Encyclopédie
Term
Genre
Definition
Scenes from everyday life
Term
[image]
Definition

Artist: Rigaud

Title: Portrait of Louis XIV

Medium: oil on canvas

 

Description: Shows Absolutism type power through decoration

Term
[image]
Definition

Artist: Boffrand

Title:Salon de la Princesse

Medium: Interior Design

 

Description: Light and Playful compared to Versailles. Intimate social gatherings. Elegantly carved wood paneling. Paintings intertwined into the walls and wood. More Rococo

Term
[image]
Definition

Artist: Fragonard

Title: The Secret Meeting

Medium: oil on canvas

 

Description: People in the 18th century, lovers. Venus and cupid are alegorical love figures. Was rejected becuase it was to closly symbolising Madame du Barry being chased by Louis XV

Term
[image]
Definition

Artist: Chardin

Title: Saying Grace

Medium: oil on canvas

 

Description: Genre Scene. Middle class. no celebrations. Shows that patrons dominate the subject of art which in this case is the middle class

Term
Academie Royale de Peinture et de Sculpture (The French Academy)
Definition
School for artists in France
LOTS of notes... so.. see lecture notes instead
Term
The French Salon
Definition
Under the rule and established of Louis XIV.
Term
Winckelmann
Definition
First Art Historian, coined the term Art History, wrote History of Ancient Art. Said Apollo Belvedere was the perfect male figure
Term
Idealism
Definition
Perfectionism. "ideal" figure. how ever the artist wanted to show "real life" like hiding blemishes, or taller figure
Term
Neoclassicism
Definition
return to classic ideal with simplicity, clarity, directness, and nobility, represents Idealism IDEALISM
Term
Pompeii and Herculaneum
Definition
buried by mt Vesuvius eruption and almost perfectly preserved, art was preserved and was a "fad" in late 18th century
Term
Grand Tour
Definition
educational "right of passage" tour of Europe. usually upper-class young men did this.
Term
Prix de Rome
Definition
a scholarship for arts students, principally of painting, sculpture and architecture for the French Academy
Term
British Royal Academy
Definition
English Academy for art students, still in operation
Term
Grand Manner Portraits
Definition
Making an actual statement, "history".
Term
Edmund Burke
Definition
Anglo Irish, Poet, Philosopher, published Treatise on aesthetics
Term
Gothik
Definition
revival of Gothic in england? Strawberry Hill
Term
Sublime
Definition
greatness in which all else cannot be compared. something so massive or masterful that it can hardly be described
Term
Boydell
Definition
Publisher, Trade relations with france, elected lord mayor of London, opens Boydell's Shakespeare Gallery on Pall Mall in London, ended poorly, first "coffee table book"
Term
Physiognomy
Definition
the shape of your face determines what your personality is, coined by Kaspar Lavatar
Term
[image]
Definition

Artist: Greuze

Title: The Paralytic

Medium: oil on canvas

 

Description: Direct influence of Denis Diderot, a art critique saying that rococo images art at the same level of prostitution, delt with contemporary realities, genuine sentiment image of a dying father, Rousseuian- emotion, transition into neoclassicism from Rococo

Term
[image]
Definition

Artist: Roman copy of Greek original

Title: Apollo Belvedere

Medium: Marble

 

Description: Wincklemann's Perfect "male" figure. soft belly, not muscular because hes a thinker not a worker

Term
[image]
Definition

Artist: Batoni

Title: Lord Thomas Dundas

Medium: Oil on Canvas

 

Description: Grand Manner Portrait, about to travel to see the arts on the Grand Tour, idealised, wishes to be "educated" on the tour

Term
[image]
Definition

Artist: Vien

Title: Seller of Cupids

Material: oil on canvas

 

Description: reinterpertation of an image in pompei preserved. This was the time of the pompeii and hurculeium "fad"

Term
[image]
Definition

Artist: David

Title: Oath of the Horatii

Medium: oil on Canvas

 

Description: Father sending his sons out to battle for Rome, founder of Rome against Curiatii. all the people in the picture are related, also to the Curiatii brothers, "Propaganda" for the French Revolution

Term
[image]
Definition

Artist: Canova

Title: Monument to Maria Christina

Medium: Marble

 

Description: does no glorify the death, no christian symbols, enlightenment, strong contrast wit the girl standing in front of the dark doorway. Maria is sister to Marie Antoinette

Term
[image]
Definition

Artist: Flaxman

Title: Admiral Lord Nelson

Material: Marble

 

Desciption: Jesus replaced with a hero, from Napoleonic wars.

Term
[image]
Definition

Artist: Hogarth

Title: The Death of the Countess

Medium: oil on canvas

 

Description: the whole series is Humorous, shows what happends to rich english couples who deviate.

Term
[image]
Definition

Artist: Reynolds

Title: Portrait of Mrs. Siddons as the Tragic Muse

Material: oil on Canvas

 

Description: the actress Mrs. Siddon is portrayed as Lady MacBeth, also as a godess, allegories of Pity and Anger are behind her. mixture of Grand Manner Portraiture and History painting.

Term
[image]
Definition

Artist: Walpole

Title: Strawberry Hill

Medium: Architecture

 

Desciption: Gothik, converted cottage into a Gothic castle since, Walpole did not think neoclassical represented England at all, interior is comfortable - rococoish

Term
[image]
Definition

Arist: West

Title: The Cave of Despair

Material: Oil on Canvas

 

Description: from Spencer's poem "the Fairie Queen" the red knight is going to kill himself but Una stops him. una represents the protestant church. basically all of this is about being depressed

Term
[image]
Definition

Artist: Fuseli

Title: The Nightmare

Medium: Oil on Canvas

 

Desciption: Nothing is more sublime than a dream. the woman is a virgin thinking about how she needs to get married and have sex. the woman is dreaming with an incubus on top of her. the horse represents the act of sex.

Term
[image]
Definition

Artist: Blake

Title: The Lamb, The Tyger. From Songs of Innocence

Material: relief etching with watercolor

 

Description: not everyone is innocent but not everyone is bad. he always went against the grain, never oil on canvas. bad speller..

Term
[image]
Definition

Artist: Vigee-Lebrun

Title: Portrait of Marie Antoinette

Material: Oil on Canvas

 

Description: idealised soft beautiful, shows her before the french revolution, idealised for the most powerful woman in the world

Term
[image]
Definition

Artist: David

Title: The Tennis Court Oath

Medium: Pen and Ink on Paper

 

Description: shows the events during the oath of the tennis court, unfinished, empty space shows the power of the idea

Term
[image]
Definition

Artist: David

Title: The Lictors Bring to Brutus the Bodies of his Sons

Medium: Oil on Canvas

 

Description: "title" because he sent them off to die because of treason. This is another propaganda peice from David showing "would you send your son to die for your nation?"

Term
[image]
Definition

Artist: David

Title: Death of Marat

Material: Oil on Canvas

 

Description: Marat is a Jacobian journalist, Corday was working for the Giordians. Corday kills Marat because he is a paranoid that sends thousands to be beheaded for being with the crown. This image is highly idealised, the 2 letters shown are not original, this is a propaganda peice to make Marat seem better than he really is, hero to the commoners

Term
[image]
Definition

Artist: Prud'hon

Title: The French Constitution, Equality, Law

Medium: Chalk on Paper

 

Description: Allegories of Equality and Law, just like the spirit of liberty and wisdom, it tells how to create a strong government

Term
[image]
Definition

Artist: Prud'hon

Title: The Spirit of Liberty, and Wisdom

Medium: Crayon, graphite, gouache on paper

 

Description: allegories of freedom and wisdom(minerva) a strong free government is lead through wisdom

Term
[image]
Definition

Artist: Soufflot

Title: Pantheon (Previously church of St. Grenevieve)

Material: Architecture

 

Description: changed from a church to a mosaleum, severe, stage point for Davids "parade" operations, where he would put on parades commemerating Voltaire to get the french people

Term
[image]
Definition

Artist: David

Title: Coronation of Napoleon

Material: Oil on Canvas

 

Description: Actually the Coronation of Josephine. Painting the coronation of napoleon was to boring. David fabricated most of the imagry in the painting, the church is real but is rearranged to have a better composition, even the sun is fabricated.

Term
[image]
Definition

Artist: Gros

Title: Napoleon Visting the Plague House at Jaffa

Material: oil on Canvas

 

Description: Idealised Napoleon. He is tall, he is touching the wound of a sick man. He is christ like in that touching "heals". Apollo Belvedere pose. Romanticism/neoclassical. Painted by a student of David

Term
[image]
Definition

Artist: Girodet

Title: The Sleep of Endymion

Material: Oil on Canvas

 

Description: romantic and classical painting. Endymion is put to sleep forever. Endymion is androgynous

Term
[image]
Definition

Artist: David

Title: The Sabine Women

Material: Oil on Canvas

 

Desciption: David painted this while he was in prison. This is an image of a normal weak woman in his painting to be strong and saying, lets stop this now. Lets drop our arms and rebuild. Also whos side will you be on, is the question that might of been asked

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