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| Signifies the list of secular works accepted by experts as genuinely written by a particular author. The phrase, "literary canon" has come to designate those authors who, by a cumulative consensus have come to be widely recognized as "major" and to have written works often hailed as literary classics. |
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| Written to celebrate or memorialize a particular occasion. |
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| Period of literature from 1660-1800. Traditionalism. A great respect for classical writers. Art for humanity’s sake. Attack human pride. The golden Mean. Submission to position in cosmic order. |
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| A narrative in which agents, actions, and setting communicate a second, correlated order of signification. 2 types: 1) Historical and Political. 2) Allegory of Ideas. Literal characters represent concepts and plot allegorizes an abstract doctrine. Personification of virtues, vices, states of mind, etc. (Fable, Parable, Exemplum, Proverb) |
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| Lines of iambic pentameter which rhyme in pairs. Epic content. Closed couplet: end of two lines ended a sentence or thought. |
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| The art of diminishing a subject by making it ridiculous and evoking toward it attitudes of amusement, contempt, scorn, or indignation. Satire derides. Corrective of human vice and folly. Ridicule failing, not individual. Formal (direct, 1st person,) vs. Indirect (fictional narrative) Satire. |
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| The first-person speaker who tells the story in a narrative. |
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| The expression of a literary speaker's attitude to his listener. |
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| Equivalent to Aristotle's Ethos |
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| Latin for Shepherd. Theocritus. Deliberately conventional poem expressing an urban poet’s nostalgic image of the supposed peace and simplicity of the life of shepherds and other rural folk in an idealized natural setting. Idyll, Eclogue, Bucolic Poetry. Golden age. Garden of Eden. Prefers simple life over complicated. |
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| Long verse narrative on a serious subject, told in formal and elevated style, centered on a heroic figure. The hero is a figure of cosmic importance. The setting is ample in scale. Action involves extraordinary deeds in battle, dangerous journey. Gods and supernatural beings take interest or active part in action. Ceremonial performance, narrated in ceremonial style. Narrator states epic theme, invokes muse. In Media Res. Catalogues of principle characters, formal detail. |
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| Parody that imitates elaborate form and ceremonious style of EPIC but on commonplace or trivial subject matter. |
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| Greek: “yoking”. An expression in which a single word stands in same grammatical relation to 2 or more other words, but with obvious shift in significance. Sometimes one is literal, the other, metaphorical. |
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| Short prose work that discusses a matter, expresses point of view, persuades, or entertains. Non-technical fashion. Uses devices: anecdote, striking illustration, humor. Formal (Impersonal, authoritarian, orderly) vs. Informal (personal, everyday things, relaxed) Essay. ATTEMPT. |
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| Comprehensive philosophy to account for the origin, types, and relationships of all living things in the universe. 1. Plenitude 2. Continuity3. Gradation |
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| System of thought that reconciles God's goodness with the fact of evil. |
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