Term
| Cyclosporin A and FK 506 (tacrolimus) |
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Definition
drugs that inhibit T cell activation by
interfering with signal transduction in
the interior of T cells
prevent phosphorylated NFAT
from being converted to NFAT,
which is an essential transcription factor for activation of the IL-2 gene
most effective drugs available for preventing the rejection of organ allografts |
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Term
|
Definition
| cannot undergo clonal expansion and differentiation to effector T cells |
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Term
|
Definition
commonly used in the treatment of
immunologic diseases because they are effective in treating them and are inexpensive
*anti-inflammatory(inhibit margination) and immunosuppressive(transient (4-
16 hour) decrease in circulating
blood lymphocytes and
monocytes by inhibiting their
ability to exit secondary
lymphoid tissues and inhibit protein
synthesis in lymphocytes and
monocytes)effects*
great effectiveness of corticosteroids in treating delayed hypersensitivity reactions. |
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Term
| Corticosteroid Effects Are Dose Dependent |
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Definition
Corticosteroid treatment for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases often lasts 1-3 years
Regimen-3 times a day until
clinical signs are no longer apparent
-symptoms under control-single dose of cortisone once a day for about a week.
-disease symptoms remain under
control, the patient is switched to
a large single dose of cortisone every two days.
to minimize the harmful side effects of prolonged
corticosteroid therapy, which are protean |
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Term
| Side Effects of Prolonged Corticosteroid Hormone Therapy |
|
Definition
1. Cushing's syndrome - Prolonged use of corticosteroid hormones causes extensive fat deposition
in tissues and results in massive weight gain and obesity.
2. Addison's disease - High regular doses of corticosteroids inhibit natural corticosteroid synthesis
by the adrenal glands because of feedback inhibition.
3. Increased susceptibility to infections.
4. Increased susceptibility to cataracts, diabetes, mental illness and many other illnesses. |
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Term
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Definition
*drugs that kill only dividing cells.* They do not affect non-dividing cells.
treat cancer and immunologic (inflammatory) diseases. |
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Term
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Definition
Antimetabolites a folic acid antagonist. It inhibits the synthesis of thymidine, which is
essential for DNA synthesis in dividing cells
Cancer Pts. get lethal dose |
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Term
|
Definition
| *non-specifically kill all living cells,* but are more likely to act on rapidly dividing cells than non-dividing cells. |
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Term
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Definition
Chemical cytotoxic agent commonly used to treat cncer (ex:cyclophosphamide and chlorambucil)
-crosslink DNA molecules (and proteins), preventing
separation of DNA strands during cell division. |
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Term
Chemical cytotoxic agents have many
undesirable side effects |
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Definition
including
bone marrow suppression-result
in lymphocytotopenia, leukopenia,
thrombocytopenia, and/or anemia |
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Term
| Biological Cytotoxic Agents |
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Definition
The most commonly used biological cytotoxic agents are anti-CD-3 monoclonal antibodies and
anti-IL-2 receptor monoclonal antibodies. |
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Term
|
Definition
react with CD-3 on all T cells, forming Ag-Ab complexes that activate
complement to kill the T cell by Type II hypersensitivity. |
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Term
| Anti-IL-2 receptor antibodies |
|
Definition
react only with proliferating T cells that have expressed the IL-2
receptor, forming ag-Ab complexes that activate complement to kill proliferating T cells |
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Term
|
Definition
| easily controls Hyperuricemia |
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