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18 Classification
finding order in diversity
25
Biology
9th Grade
07/15/2009

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Term
taxonomy
Definition
the discipline that scientists classify organisms and assign each organism an universally accepted name
Term
binomial nomenclature
Definition
the two word naming system of organisms developed by Linnaeus
Term
genus
Definition
a group of closely related species (first part of binomial nomenclature, italic, capitalized)
Term
taxon
Definition
a level of taxonomy
Term
family
Definition
genera that share many characteristics - a larger category than genus
Term
order
Definition
a taxon composed of similar families
Term
class
Definition
a taxon composed of similar orders
Term
kingdom
Definition
the largest of Linnaeus's taxons
Term
phylum
Definition
a taxon made up of several classes
Term
phlogeny
Definition
the study of descent with modification - evolutionary relationships among organisms
Term
evolutionary classification
Definition
the strategy of grouping organisms together based on evolutionary history
Term
derived characteristics
Definition
characteristics that appear in recent parts of a lineage but not in its older members
Term
cladogram
Definition
a diagram that shows evolutionary relationships among organisms
Term
molecular clock
Definition
a model that uses DNA to estimate the length of time that two species have been evolving independently
Term
domain
Definition
a taxon level larger than a kingdom - includes Eukarya, BActeria and Archae
Term
BActeria
Definition
a domain of unicellular and prokaryotic organisms - thick cell walls and a cell membrane composed of peptidoglycan autotrophs or heterotrophs
Term
Eubacteria
Definition
the kingdom under the Domain Bacteria
Term
Archaea
Definition
unicellular and prokaryotic organisms under this domain livein extreme environments - cell walls with no peptidoglycan autotrophs or heterotrophs
Term
Archaea
Definition
unicellular and prokaryotic organisms under this domain livein extreme environments - cell walls with no peptidoglycan autotrophs or heterotrophs
Term
archaebacteria
Definition
the kingdom under the domain ARchaea
Term
eukarya
Definition
all organisms that have a nucleus - organized into kingdoms: protista, fungi, plantae, and animalia
Term
protista
Definition
a kingdom under eukarya that cannot be classified under plants animals or fungi
Term
fungi
Definition
kingdom under the domain eukarya, feed on dead or decaying organic matter
Term
plantae
Definition
kingdom under the domain eukarya, multicellular and photosynthetic autotrophs
Term
animalia
Definition
kingdom under the domain eukarya, multicellular and heterotrophic
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