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18-3, 18-4Vocab
N/A
25
Biology
9th Grade
09/09/2009

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Term
Producer
Definition
Because autotrophs capture energy and use it to make organic molecules
Term
Chemosynthesis
Definition
In which bacteria use energy stored in inorganic molecules to produce carbohydrates
Term
Gross Primary Productivity
Definition
The rate at which producers in an ecosystem capture the energy of sunlight by producing organic compounds
Term
Biomass
Definition
What ecologists refer to the organic material that has been produced in an ecosystem
Term
Net Primary Productivity
Definition
Ecologists often measure the rate at which biomass accumulates
Term
Consumers
Definition
Heterotrophs
Term
Herbivores
Definition
Eat Producers
Term
Carnivores
Definition
Eat other consumers
Term
Detritivores
Definition
Consumers that feed on the "garbage" of the ecosystem
Term
Decomposers
Definition
Bacteria and fungi are detritivores that cause decay by breaking down complex molecules into simpler molecules
Term
Trophic Level
Definition
Indicates the organism's position in a sequence of energy transfers
Term
Food Chain
Definition
A single pathway of feeding relationships among organisms in an ecosystem that results in energy transfer
Term
Food Web
Definition
The interrelated food chains in an ecosystem
Term
Biogeochemical Cycles
Definition
Substances such as water, carbon, nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorus each pass between the living and nonliving worlds
Term
Groundwater
Definition
Water in the soil or in underground formations of porous rock
Term
Water Cycle
Definition
The movement of water between these various reservoirs
Term
Transpiration
Definition
The process by which water evaporates from the leaves of plants in terrestrial ecosystems
Term
Carbon Cycle
Definition
Photosynthesis and cellular respiration form the basis of the short term
Term
Nitrogen Cycle
Definition
The complex pathway that nitrogen follows in an ecosystem
Term
Nitrogen Fixation
Definition
The procces of converting N2 gas to nitrate
Term
Nitrogen- Fixing bacteria
Definition
To transform nitrogen gas into a usable form
Term
Ammonification
Definition
Decomposers break down these materials and release the nitorgen they contain as
Term
Nitrification
Definition
Soil bacteria take up ammonium and oxidize it into nitrites, NO2, and nitrates, NO3
Term
Denitrification
Definition
Nitrogen is returned to the atmosphere
Term
Phosphorus Cycle
Definition
THe movement of phosphorus from the environment to organisms and then back to the environment
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