Term
| Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) a/w abnormal H+ secretion and nephrolithiasis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| RTA a/w abnormal HCO3- and rickets |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| RTA a/w aldosterone defect |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| differential of hypervolemic hyponatremia |
|
Definition
Cirrhosis
CHF
Nephritis syndrome |
|
|
Term
| Chvostek's and Trousseau's sign |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Malignancy and hyperparathyroidism |
|
|
Term
| T-wave flattening and U waves |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Peaked T waves and widened QRS |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| First line Tx for moderate hypercalcemia |
|
Definition
IV Hydration
Loop diuretics (furosemide) |
|
|
Term
| Type of ARF in a patient with FENA <1% |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A 49yo man presents with acute-onset flank pain and hematuria |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The MC type of nephrolithiasis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A 20yo man presents with a palpable flank mass and hematuria. US shows bilateral enlarged kidneys with cysts.
-Dx?
-Associated brain and heart anomalies? |
|
Definition
Dx: ADPKD
Brain: Berry Aneurysms. Rupture --> SAH.
Heart: MVP |
|
|
Term
| Nephritic Syndrome findings: |
|
Definition
| Hematuria, Hypertension, Oliguria |
|
|
Term
| Nephrotic Syndrome findings: |
|
Definition
| Proteinuria, Hypoalbuminemia, Hyperlipidemia and edema |
|
|
Term
| MC form of nephrotic syndrome |
|
Definition
| Membranous glomerulonephritis |
|
|
Term
| The MC form of glomerulonephritis |
|
Definition
| IgA nephropathy (Berger's disease) |
|
|
Term
| Glomerulonephritis with deafness |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Glomerulonephritis with hemoptysis |
|
Definition
Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (Wegener's)
-cANCA
and
Good Pasture's Syndrome
-Anti-GBM Ab |
|
|
Term
| Presence of RBC casts in urine sediment |
|
Definition
| Glomerulonephritis or nephritic syndrome |
|
|
Term
| Eosinophils in urine sediment |
|
Definition
| Allergic interstitial nephritis |
|
|
Term
| Waxy casts in urine sediement and maltese crosses (seen with lipiduria) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Drosiness, asterixis, nausea and a pericardial friction rub |
|
Definition
| Uremic syndrome seen in patients with renal failure |
|
|
Term
| A 55yo man is diagnosed with prostate cancer. Treatment options? |
|
Definition
-Wait
-Surgical resection
-Radiation
-Androgen suppression |
|
|
Term
| Low urine specific gravity in the presence of high serum osmolality |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Fluid restriction
IV Saline
Demeclocycline
Vasopressin antagonists (Conivaptan, Tolvaptan)
[Urine Osm > Serum Osm] |
|
|
Term
| Hematuria, flank pain and palpable flank mass |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Testicular cancer associated with B-hCG and AFP |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The MC type of testicular cancer |
|
Definition
| Seminoma (a germ cell tumor) |
|
|
Term
| The MC histology of bladder cancer |
|
Definition
| Transitional cell carcinoma |
|
|
Term
| Complication of overly rapid correction of hyponatremia |
|
Definition
| Central pontine myelinolysis |
|
|
Term
| Salicylate ingestion causes what type of acid-base disorder? |
|
Definition
Anion gap metabolic acidosis
after primary respiratory alkalosis (due to central respiratory stimulation--> Hyperventilation) |
|
|
Term
| Acid-base disturbance commonly seen in pregnant women |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Three systemic diseases that lead to nephrotic syndrome |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Elevated erythropoietin level
Elevated HCT
Normal O2 Sat.
Dx? |
|
Definition
RCC or other EPO producting tumor
Evaluate with CT Scan. |
|
|
Term
55yo man presents with irritative and obstructive urinary symptoms.
-Dx?
-Tx options? |
|
Definition
Dx: Likely BPH
Tx:
-Alpha antagnoists (-zosins, or Tamsulosin)
-Finasteride
-TURP (Trans-Urethral Resection of the Prostate) |
|
|
