Term
| How many pairs of muscle are involved in mastication? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 4 muscles of mastication? |
|
Definition
masseter
temporalis
medial pterygoid
lateral pterygoid |
|
|
Term
| What are the 5 movements of the mandible? |
|
Definition
depression
elevation
protrusion
retraction
lateral deviation |
|
|
Term
| what group of muscles are involved in movement of the jaw. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The muscles of mastication are all innervated by what nerve? |
|
Definition
| mandibular devision of the 5th cranial nerve (trigeminal) |
|
|
Term
| If a person who has suffered a stroke and has facial paralysis tries to stick their tongue out, which way will the tongue move? |
|
Definition
| toward the damaged side due to greater innervation on the undamaged side |
|
|
Term
| What is the term for the area of the mandible and the muscles of mastication? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what 6 areas/structures are included in the masticator space |
|
Definition
temporal space
infratemporal space
submasseteric space
masseter muscle
ramus
body of the mandible |
|
|
Term
| How many heads does the masseter have? What are they called? |
|
Definition
2
superficial and deep heads |
|
|
Term
| What is the O-I of the superficial masseter? |
|
Definition
O- anterior 2/3 of the lower border of zygomatic arch
I- lateral surface of mandible |
|
|
Term
| What is the O-I of the deep head of the masseter? |
|
Definition
O- posterior 1/3 of medical surface of zygomatic arch
I- ramus superior to angle of mandible |
|
|
Term
| What muscle is located anterior to the parotid salivary gland? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What action is observed when both muscles of the masseter contract? |
|
Definition
| elevation of the mandible (closing the jaw) |
|
|
Term
| what is the name of the space between the masseter and the external surface of the vertical ramus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What can cause an enlarged masseter muscle? |
|
Definition
habitual clenching or grinding of teeth
constant chewing gum |
|
|
Term
| What is the clinical term for enlargement of the masseter? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is Masseteric hypertrophy usually bilateral or unilateral? |
|
Definition
| usually bilateral (can be unilateral) |
|
|
Term
| Do you experience any symptoms from masseteric hypertrophy? |
|
Definition
| no- asymptomatic and soft |
|
|
Term
| What is Masseteric hypertrophy commonly confused with? (3) |
|
Definition
parotid gland disease
dental infection
maxillofacial neoplasm |
|
|
Term
| The body of the temporalis muscle is contained in what ofssa? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
O- inferior temporal line
I- coronoid process of the mandible |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| elevation and retraction of mandible |
|
|
Term
| What are the 2 cervical muscles? |
|
Definition
sternocleidomastoid
trapezius |
|
|
Term
| What are the 4 suprahyoid muscles? |
|
Definition
digastric
mylohyoid
stylohyoid
geniohyoid |
|
|
Term
| What are the 4 infrahyoid muscles? |
|
Definition
sternothyroid
sternohyoid
omohyoid
thyrohyoid |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 extrinsic tongue muscles |
|
Definition
genioglossus
styloglossus
hyoglossus |
|
|
Term
| what are the muscles of the pharynx |
|
Definition
stylopharyngeus
pharyngeal constrictor |
|
|
Term
| what are the 5 muscles of the soft palate? |
|
Definition
palatoglossus
palatopharyngeus
levator veli palatini
tensor veli palatini
muscle of the uvula |
|
|
Term
| O/I of the sternocleidomastoid |
|
Definition
O- clavicle and sternum
I- mastoid process of temporal |
|
|
Term
| Action of sternocleidomastoid |
|
Definition
bend, elevate and turn neck
"deep breath, turn, and release" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
O- occipital bone and cervical and thoracic region
I- clavicle and scapula |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
lift clavicle and scapula
shoulder shrug |
|
|
Term
| O/I of epicranial (both bellys) |
|
Definition
frontal
O- epicranial aponeurosis
I- eyebrow and root of nose
Occipital belly
O- occipital and temporal bone
I- epicranial aponeurosis |
|
|
Term
| What are the two bellies of the epicranial muscle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
O- orbital rim, frontal bone, maxilla
I- lateral canthus area |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| action of orbicularis oculi |
|
Definition
| closing eyelid and winking |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
O- encircles mouth
I- labial commissure |
|
|
Term
| action of orbicularis oris (4) |
|
Definition
closing lips
pouting/kissing
pursing lips (thinning lips)
grimacing lips (rolling inward between teeth) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
O- maxilla, mandible and pterygomandibular raphe
I- labial commissure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
compresses cheeks during mastication
"blue steel look" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
O- fascia superficial to masseter
I- labial commissure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| O/I of levator labii superioris |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| action of levator labii superioris |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| O/I of levator labii superioris alaeque nasi |
|
Definition
O- maxilla
I- ala of nose and upper lip |
|
|
Term
| action of levator labii superioris alaeque nasi |
|
Definition
| raising upper lip and dilating naris in a sneer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
O- zygomatic bone
I- labial commissure |
|
|
Term
| action of zygomaticus major |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
O- zygomatic bone
I- upper lip |
|
|
Term
| action of zygomaticus minor |
|
Definition
| raising upper lip (assist with smiling) |
|
|
Term
| O/I of levator anguli oris |
|
Definition
O- maxilla (canine fossa)
I- labial commissure |
|
|
Term
| action of levator angui oris |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| O/I of depressor anguli oris |
|
Definition
O- mandible
I- labial commisure |
|
|
Term
| action of depressor anguli oris |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| O/I of depressor labii inferioris |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| action of depressor labii inferioris |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| raising chin and protruding lower lip |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
O- clavicle and shoulder
I- mandible and muscles of mouth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hulk neck. raising neck skin and grimacing |
|
|
Term
| O/I of corrugator spercilii |
|
Definition
O- supraorbital region of frontal bone
I- eyebrows |
|
|
Term
| action of corrugator supercilii |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the two regions of the masseter |
|
Definition
superficial head
deep head |
|
|
Term
| O/I of masseter (both heads) |
|
Definition
superficial
O-anterior 2/3 of zygomatic arch
I- angle of mandible
Deep head
O- posterior 1/3 of zygomatic arch
I- ramus of mandible |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| elevation of mandible (closing jaw) |
|
|
Term
| what are the two parts of the medial pterygoid? |
|
Definition
| deep and superficial head |
|
|
Term
| O/I of the medial pterygoid (both heads) |
|
Definition
deep head
O- lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid
I- medial surface of ramus and angle of mandible
superficial head
O- pyramidal process of palatine and max tuberosity
I- medial surface of ramus and angle of mandible |
|
|
Term
| action of medial pterygoid |
|
Definition
| elevation of mandible (closing) |
|
|
Term
| What is the space between the temporalis muscle and the temporal fascia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the space is located between the medial surface of the mandible and the lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the two regions of the lateral pterygoid |
|
Definition
| superior and inferior head |
|
|
Term
| O/I for the lateral pterygoid (both portions) |
|
Definition
superior head
O- greater wing of sphenoid
I- pterygoid fovea of mandible
Inferior head
lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid
TMJ disc and capsule |
|
|
Term
| what action do you see if there is muscular contraction of one lateral pterygoid |
|
Definition
| later deviation of the mandible |
|
|
Term
| what action do you see if both muscles of the lateral pterygoid contract? |
|
Definition
| protrusion of the mandible |
|
|
Term
| What action do you see if the inferior heads of the later pterygoid contracts? |
|
Definition
| depression of the mandible |
|
|
Term
| what are the two portions of the digastric? |
|
Definition
| anterior and posterior belly |
|
|
Term
| O/I of the digastric (both portions) |
|
Definition
anterior belly
O- intermediate tendon
I- medial surface of mandible
posterior belly
O- mastoid notch of temporal bone
I- intermediate tendon |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
O- mylohyoid line of mandible
I- body of hyoid |
|
|
Term
| Action of the mlyohyoid (3) |
|
Definition
elevates hyoid
depressing mandible
elevate tongue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
O- stloid process of temporal
I- body of hyoid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
O- genial tubercle of mandible
I- body of hyoid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
O- posterior surface of sternum
I- Thyroid cartilage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| depresses thyroid cartilage and larynx |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
O- posterior and superior surfaces of sternum
I- body of hyoid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the two portions of the omohyoid |
|
Definition
| inferior and superior belly |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Inferior belly
O- scapula
I- superior belly
Superior belly
O- inferior belly
I- body of the hyoid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
O- thyroid cartilage
I- body and greater cornu of hyoid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| depresses hyoid and raises thyroid cartilage and larynx |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
O- genial tubercle of mandible
I- hyoid bone and tongue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| protrudes tongue and depresses parts of the tongue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
O- styloid process of temporal
I- tongue |
|
|
Term
| action of the styloglossus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
O- greater cornu and body of hyoid
I- tongue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
O- styloid process of temporal
I- lateral and posterior pharyngeal walls |
|
|
Term
| action of stylopharyngeus |
|
Definition
| elevates and widens pharynx |
|
|
Term
| How many parts are there to the pharyngeal constrictor? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| O/I of the pharyngeal constructors (3) |
|
Definition
origin
superior- pterygoid hamulus and pterygomandibular raphe
middle- hyoid and stylohyoid ligament
inferior- thyroid and cricoid cartilage
insertion- median pharyngeal raphe |
|
|
Term
| action of pharyngeal constrictors |
|
Definition
| raises pharynx and larynx - drives food inferiorly into the esophagus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
O- medial palatine raphe
I- lateral surface of tongue |
|
|
Term
| action of the palatoglossus |
|
Definition
| elevates and arches tongue and depresses soft palate towards tongue to form a sphincter which separates the oral cavity from the pharynx |
|
|
Term
| O/I of the palatopharyngeus |
|
Definition
O- soft palate
I- laryngopharynx and thyroid cartilage |
|
|
Term
| Action of the palatopharyngeus |
|
Definition
moves palate posteroinferiorly
posterior pharyngeal wall anterosuperiorly to close off nasopharynx |
|
|
Term
| What muscle forms the anterior faucilar pillar |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what muscle forms the posterior faucilar pillar |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| O/I of levator veli palatini |
|
Definition
O- temporal bone
I- median palatine raphe |
|
|
Term
| action of levator veli palatini |
|
Definition
| raises soft palate to contact posterior pharyngeal wall to help close nasopharynx |
|
|
Term
| O/I of tensor veli palatini |
|
Definition
O- auditory tube and sphenoid bone
I- tendon near pterygoid hamulus and median palatine raphe |
|
|
Term
| action of tensor veli palatini |
|
Definition
| tenses and lowers soft palate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tissue hangs inferiorly from the soft palate in the uvula |
|
|
Term
| action of the uvula muscle? |
|
Definition
| helps close off nasppharynx |
|
|
Term
| Are the lateral pterygoids deep or superficial to the temporalis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the injection site for the alveolar local anesthetic block? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the space between the medial pterygoid, lateral pterygoid, and ramus of the mandible |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Does a muscle move toward the origin or insertion when it contracts? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| is arterial blood supply for muscles regional or localized? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the 6 main muscle groups of the head and neck? |
|
Definition
cervical
facial expression
mastication
hyoid
tongue
pharynx |
|
|
Term
| What nerve innervates the trapezius? |
|
Definition
| 11th cranial-accessory nerve (3rd/4th cranial nerves) |
|
|
Term
| what nerve innervates the sternocleidomastoid |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| muscles of facial expression are innervated by which nerve? |
|
Definition
| 7th cranial nerve / facial nerve |
|
|
Term
| what nerve innervates the epicranial muscle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What muscle closes the eyelid? what is the benefit of this? |
|
Definition
orbicularis oculi
protects and moistens the eye |
|
|
Term
| how many insertions does the levator labii superioris alaeque nasi have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which muscle gives a sneering expression? |
|
Definition
| levator labii superioris alaeque nasi |
|
|
Term
| what two muscles are activated for a genuine smile? |
|
Definition
zygomaticus major
orbicularis oculi |
|
|
Term
| what muscle is most important for creating the lip movements involved in speech? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which muscle produces a grimace by stretching the lips laterally |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which muscle depresses the lower lip to exposing the mandibular incisors |
|
Definition
| depressor labii inferioris |
|
|
Term
| which muscle of facial expression causes frowning? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which muscle of facial expression is superior and medial to the mental nerve? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which muscle narrows the oral vestibule? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which muscle can dislodge a denture in patients with loss of alveolar ridge height? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what muscle is associated with concentration/thinking and doubt? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which muscle covers the anterior cervical triangle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which muscle can pull the corners of the mouth down to grimace? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What muscle group is involved in swallowing and inner ear function? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| elevation of the hyoid bone and larynx allow for what process? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what cervical triangle is formed by the digastric? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What innervates the digastric (2)? |
|
Definition
5th cranial (trigeminal)- mandibular mylohyoid nerve
facial nerve (7) |
|
|
Term
| which muscle runs transverse between the rami of the mandible and forms the floor of the mouth? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which muscle helps elevate the hyoid bone and tongue? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What nerve innervates the mylohyoid |
|
Definition
| 5th cranial (trigeminal)- mandibular mylohyoid |
|
|
Term
| What nerve innervates the stylohoid? |
|
Definition
| 7th cranial (facial) --> stylohyoid nerve |
|
|
Term
| what nerve innervates the geniohyoid? |
|
Definition
| 12th cranial (hypoglossal)- 1st cervical nerve |
|
|
Term
| what nerve innervates all the infrahyoid muscles? |
|
Definition
| 2nd and 3rd cervical nerves |
|
|
Term
| The symmetric muscles of the tongue are divided by what structure? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| All muscles of the tongue are innervated by what nerve? |
|
Definition
| 12th cranial (hypoglossal) |
|
|
Term
| what are the 4 pairs of intrinsic tongue muscles? |
|
Definition
superior longitudinal
transverse
vertical
inferior longitudinal |
|
|
Term
| which intrinsic tongue muscles shorten, thicken, and curl the tongue? |
|
Definition
| superior and inferior longitudinal |
|
|
Term
| which intrinsic tongue muscles make the tongue long and narrow |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what muscle group is responsible for initiating the swallowing process? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation for the stylopharyngeus muscle? |
|
Definition
| 9th cranial (glossopharyngeal) |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation for the pharyngeal constrictor muscles? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| all muscles of the soft palate excluding tensor veli palatini are innervated by what nerve? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation for the tensor veli palatini |
|
Definition
| mandibular division of the 5th cranial (trigeminal) |
|
|
Term
| what is the muscle that stiffens the soft palate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which muscle opens the auditory tube to allow airflow between the pharnyx and middle ear |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how many muscles does it take to smile and frown? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the loss voluntary muscle action? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are causes of facial paralysis? |
|
Definition
stroke
Bell palsy
parotid salivary gland cancer
surgery
incorrectly given inferior alveolar block |
|
|
Term
| what muscle is also called the "trumpet muscle" and helps infants suction during nursing? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| why do most patients seek treatment for masseteric hypertrophy? |
|
Definition
| facial appearance due to enlargement |
|
|
Term
| which tongue muscle prevents the tongue from sinking back and obstructing respiration? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Both bellies of the epicranial muscle insert into which structure? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which muscle os divided by a median septum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which muscle group is innervated by the cervical nerves? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the posterior belly of the digastric is also a member of which muscle group? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| union between 2 or more bones |
|
|
Term
| what is the innervation for the TMJ? |
|
Definition
| mandibular nerve of 5th cranial (trigeminal) |
|
|
Term
| What is the blood supply for the TMJ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what tissue covers the articulating surfaces of the TMJ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the concave region on the temporal bone where the mandible occludes for the TMJ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the regions anterior and posterior to the articular fossa? |
|
Definition
anterior- articular eminence
posterior- postglenoid process |
|
|
Term
| what structure encloses the TMJ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the two synovial cavities of the TMJ? |
|
Definition
upper synovial cavity
lower synovial cavity |
|
|
Term
| Does the disc of the TMJ attach in the anterior or posterior? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where does the posterior portion of the TMJ disc attach? |
|
Definition
upper division- postglenoid process
lower division- neck of condyle |
|
|
Term
| what is a band of fibrous tissue that connects bone? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the 3 paired ligaments of the TMJ? |
|
Definition
temporomandibular
stylomandibular
sphenomandibular |
|
|
Term
| which TMJ ligament reinforces the lateral surface of the capsule? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is the temporomandibular joint on the medial or lateral surface of the mandible? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which TMJ ligament prevents excessive retraction of the mandible? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which structure separates the parotid and submandibular gland? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the connections of the stylomandibular ligament? |
|
Definition
styloid process
angle of mandible (medial) |
|
|
Term
| What are the connections of the sphenomandibular ligament? |
|
Definition
spine of sphenoid
lingula (medial mandible) |
|
|
Term
| which ligament is taut when the mandible is protruded and provides a landmark for the administration of an inferior alveolar block |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what ligament may act as a barrier to anesthetic if the needle does not contact the deeper mandibular foramen? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what muscle is involved in retraction of the mandible? |
|
Definition
| posterior parts of the temporalis |
|
|
Term
| what are the two movements of the TMJ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which muscles cause protrusion of the mandible? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what structures are involved in the gliding movement of the TMJ? |
|
Definition
| disc and articular eminence of the temporal bone (upper synovial cavity) |
|
|
Term
| what structures are involved in the rotational movement of the TMJ? |
|
Definition
| disc and mandibular condyle in the lower synovial cavity |
|
|
Term
| what is the freeway space |
|
Definition
| natural resting position of the TMJ (2-4mm space between teeth) |
|
|
Term
| what is the term for dislocation of the TMJ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the inability to normally open the mouth? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| dull ache and continuous pain associated with muscle function |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Muscle pain associated with active trigger point that radiates to remote sites such as other muscles, TMJ, or teeth and bone |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Inflammatory condition due to infection or trauma
Can be due to non-infectious general systemic condition such as Polymyositis. Tender to light touch, palpation, function, with associated inflammation related swelling
Entire muscle involved, elevated serum enzymes (Creatine Phosphokinase, Aldolase, etc) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is a Protective co-contraction of the TMJ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hypomobility due to trauma, infection, surgery, or radiation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| intermittent pain, tension, or weakness in muscle that resolves when stop function (Temporal Arteritis) |
|
Definition
|
|
