Term
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Definition
| Listening for sounds within the body, esp. from the chest, neck, or abdomen. |
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Term
| Define "Frequency" (as it pertains to heart sounds) |
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Definition
| The number of repetitions of a phenomenon in a certain period or within a distinct population, such as the frequency of heartbeat, sound vibrations, or a disease. |
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Term
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Definition
| Relating to the entire duration of systole |
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Term
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Definition
| A state of of increased force or energy, ie. volume |
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Term
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Definition
| A position on the body from which to listen or gather information |
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Term
| Define "Non-Compliant" (as it pertains to heart sounds) |
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Definition
| A decline in performance of one or both ventricles of the heart during the time phase of diastole |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| That quality of the sensation of sound that enables one to classify it in a scale from high to low. It is dependent principally on frequency of vibrations |
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Term
| Define "Diastolic Rumble" |
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Definition
| A sound of some duration occurring during diastole. All diastolic murmurs imply some alteration of anatomy or function of the cardiovascular structures |
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Term
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Definition
| A sharp, high-pitched click in early diastole, associated with the opening of the abnormal valve in cases of mitral stenosis. |
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Term
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Definition
| A gradual increase of intensity |
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Term
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Definition
| A gradual decrease of intensity |
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Term
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Definition
| An adventitious sound of venous or arterial origin heard on auscultation |
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Term
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Definition
| An extra heart sound (i.e., a third or fourth heart sound), typically heard during diastole |
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Term
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Definition
| An abnormal sound heard on auscultation of the heart and adjacent large blood vessels Murmurs range in sound from soft and blowing to loud and booming and may be heard during systole, diastole, or both. A murmur does not necessarily indicate organic pathology, and heart disease may not be associated with the production of a murmur. Air in the lungs may simulate sounds similar to heart murmurs. |
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Term
| Define "Systolic Ejection Murmur" |
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Definition
| A systolic murmur that is most intense at the time of maximum flow of blood from the heart. This murmur is associated with pulmonary and aortic stenosis. |
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Term
| Where is the cardiac listening post for the aortic root? |
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Definition
| 2nd ICS @ right sternal border up to carotid artery |
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Term
| Where is the cardiac listening post for the aortic valve? |
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Definition
| 2nd ICS @ left sternal border |
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Term
| Where is the cardiac listening post for the pulmonary artery? |
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Definition
| 2nd ICS @ left midclavicular line over to axillary |
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Term
| Where is the cardiac listening post for the tricupid valve? |
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Definition
| 3rd or 4th ICS @ left sternal border |
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Term
| Where is the cardiac listening post for the mitral valve? |
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Definition
| Starting from PMI then go up |
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Term
| Name the Systolic Murmurs. Hint: There are 5 |
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Definition
1. PS
2. AS
3. LVOT/RVOT obstruction
4. MR
5. TR |
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Term
| Name the Diastolic Murmurs. Hint: There are 4 |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The vibration accompanying a cardiac or vascular murmur, detectible on palpation |
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Term
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Definition
| Sound associated with Pericarditis, an inflammation of the two layers of the thin, sac-like membrane that surrounds the heart |
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Term
| If the Pulmonic Valve has a stenosis, what would be the timing of the murmur? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the timing of a Aoritic Valve Stenosis murmur? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the timing of a Mitral Valve Regurgitation murmur? |
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Definition
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Term
| If the Tricupid Valve is regurgitive, what is the timing of the murmur? |
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Definition
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Term
| If the LVOT or RVOT is obstructed and creates a murmur, what would be the timing? |
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Definition
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Term
| If the Aortic Valve is insufficient, what would be the timing of the murmur? |
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Definition
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Term
| The Pulmonic Valve is insufficent and creates a murmur, at what timing interval would you hear the murmur? |
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Definition
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Term
| Mitral Valve stenosis would create a murmur at what timing interval? |
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Definition
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Term
| A murmur created by a Tricuspid Valve stenosis would be heard during what timing interval? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The vibration accompanying a cardiac or vascular murmur, detectible on palpation |
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Term
| Define "Friction Rub" No Curt, it's not what you think!!! |
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Definition
| Sound associated with Pericarditis, an inflammation of the two layers of the thin, sac-like membrane that surrounds the heart |
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Term
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Definition
| Sound below human hearing range and can only be palpated. (<20Hz) |
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Term
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Definition
| Sound within human perception. (20Hz-20KHz) |
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Term
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Definition
| Sound above human hearing range. (>20KHz) |
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Term
| What is "Sound Intensity?" |
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Definition
| Synonomous with "Volume"; Loudness of the signal measured in decibels (dB) |
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Term
| What is "Sound Frequency"? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Tone of sound; high or low |
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Term
| What heart sound will you hear at the onset of systole? |
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Definition
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Term
| When the atrioventricular valves close, what heart sound will be present? |
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Definition
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Term
| What heart sound coincides with the R-wave on the EKG? |
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Definition
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Term
| What events lead to the formation of S1? (Hint: 4 events) |
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Definition
1. MV closes
2. TV closes
3. Ventricular contration; beginning of ventricular ejection
4. Acceleration of blood flow |
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Term
| What heart sound will you hear at the onset of diastole? |
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Definition
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Term
| When the semilunar valves close, what heart sound will be present? |
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Definition
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Term
| What heart sound coincides with the end of the T-wave on the EKG? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the time interval for S2? |
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Definition
| End of systole/beginning of diastole |
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Term
| What is the time interval for S1? |
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Definition
| End of diastole/beginning of systole |
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Term
| What is Physiological splitting and what causes it? |
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Definition
| A delay in PV closure due to increase venous return to the right heart from inspiration. S2 is split into A2 and P2 due to pressure change |
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Term
| What heart sound is associated blood going through the Mitral Valve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What heart sound is normal in children but usually abnormal in adults? |
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Definition
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Term
| What 2 factors promote a normal S3 in adults? |
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Definition
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Term
| What heart sound can occur during rapid ventricular fillingin early diastole? |
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Definition
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Term
| S3 occurs typically how long after S2? |
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Definition
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Term
| What heart sound coincides with the end of the P-wave on the EKG? |
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Definition
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Term
| What heart sound is always abnormal? |
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Definition
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Term
| What factors can cause an S4 heart sounds? |
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Definition
1. Non-compliant RV and/or LV
2. Diastolic failure |
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Term
| What is an S4 heart sound? |
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Definition
| A very low frequency vibration during active filling. |
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Term
| What is "Valve Clicking" and what causes it? |
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Definition
| The sound produced by typically the Mitral Valve when there is a prolapse and/or chordae, but can also occur with other valves with regurgitation. |
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Term
What heart defect does this describe?
Diastolic murmur auscultated loudest over the 4th ICS at left sternal border, characterized by an early crescendo/decrescendo followed by a pre-systolic accentuation. |
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Definition
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Term
What heart defect does this describe?
Diastolic murmur auscultated loudest over the 5th ICS at left mid-clavicular line, characterized by an early crescendo/decrescendo followed by a pre-systolic accentuation. |
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Definition
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Term
What heart defect does this describe?
Auscultated as a soft pitched blowing diastolic murmur loudest over the 2nd ICS at right sternal border radiating downward, characterized by an decrescendo |
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Definition
| Aortic valve insufficiency (regurgitation) |
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Term
| What heart defect does this describe? Auscultated as a soft pitched blowing diastolic murmur loudest over the 2nd ICS at left mid-clavicular line radiating downwards to the right, characterized by a decrescendo |
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Definition
| Pulmonic valve insufficiency (regurgitation) |
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Term
What heart defect does this describe?
A holosystolic uniform murmur auscultated loudest at the PMI radiating upward followed by an opening snap. |
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Definition
| Mitral valve insufficiency (regurgitation) |
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Term
What heart defect does this describe?
A holosystolic uniform murmur auscultated loudest at the 3rd ICS at the left sternal border radiating upward followed by an opening snap. |
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Definition
| Tricuspid valve insufficiency (regurgitation) |
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Term
| What heart defect does this describe? A holosystolic murmur auscultated loudest over the 2nd ICS at the right sternal border characterized as a crescendo/decrescendo. |
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Definition
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Term
[image]
1. What is the timing and shape of the murmur?
2. What is the heart defect this murmur suggests?
3. Where would you expect this murmur be heard the loudest and direction of radiation if any? |
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Definition
1. Diastolic, decrescendo
2. Aortic Insufficiency (Regurgitation)
3. 2nd ICS at right sternal border most likely radiating downward and to the left. |
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Term
| [image] 1. What is the timing and shape of the murmur? 2. What is the heart defect this murmur suggests? 3. Where would you expect this murmur be heard the loudest and direction of radiation if any? |
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Definition
| 1. Systolic, crescendo-decrescendo 2. Aortic Stenosis 3. 2nd ICS at right sternal border most likely radiating upward and towards the cartoid arteries |
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Term
[image]
1. What is the timing and shape of the murmur?
2. What is the heart defect this murmur suggests?
3. Where would you expect this murmur be heard the loudest and direction of radiation if any? |
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Definition
1. Systolic, Holosystolic (Uniform)
2. Mitral Regurgitation
3. 4th or 5th ICS at left mid-clavicular line (PMI) and possibly radiating upwards toward the left |
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Term
[image]
1. What is the timing and shape of the murmur?
2. What is the heart defect this murmur suggests?
3. Where would you expect this murmur be heard the loudest and direction of radiation if any? |
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Definition
1. Diastolic, opening snap in early diastole followed by decrescendo with a pre-systolic accentuation (some cases will have a slight crescendo following the opening snap, but always a longer decrescendo with a pre-systolic accentuation)
2. Mitral Stenosis
3. 4th or 5th ICS at left mid-clavicular line (PMI) and possibly radiating upward toward the right
2. |
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