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| during sexual reproduction, male and female reproductive cells join which form a new cell that develops into a tiny embryo |
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| something that is allowed to self-pollinate and produce offspring identical to itself |
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| specific characteristic, such as seed color or plant height |
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| offspring of crosses between parents with different traits |
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| the chemical factors that determine traits |
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| the different forms of a gene |
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| the separation of alleles |
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| the likelihood that a particular event will occur |
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| a diagram that can determine the gene combinations that might result from a genetic cross |
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| organisms that have two identical alleles |
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| organisms that have different alleles for the same trait |
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| physical characteristic of an organism |
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| genetic makeup of an organism |
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| when the alleles for a particular trait segregate independently |
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| cases in which one allele is not completely dominant over another |
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| cases in which both alleles contribute to the phenotype |
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| genes that have more than two alleles |
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| traits controlled by two or more genes |
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| two sets of chromosomes - each of the chromosomes from the male has a corresponding chromosome from the female |
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| a cell that contains both sets of homologous chromosomes (every cell in your body EXCEPT your sex cells) |
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| cells that only carry one set of genes - your sex cells |
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| a process of reduction division in which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through separation of homologous chromosomes in diploid cells - sex cell formation |
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| a structure formed from when each chromosome pairs with its corresponding homologous chromosome - in meiosis 1 |
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| portions of chromatids exchange in this process which happens during tetrad formation |
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| a map showing the relative locations of each known gene on chromosomes |
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