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101- ROS, MHx, tx contraindications
SCC Minter
171
Dentistry
Professional
10/04/2015

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Cards

Term
What is the baseline drug for premedication of an adult patient that does not have any allergies?
Definition
Amoxicillin 2 grams (2,000 mg)
Term
What is the baseline drug for premedication of an child patient that does not have any allergies?
Definition
Amoxicillin 50mg
Term
What are 3 alternative drugs for premedication if your adult patient is allergic to pencillin?
Definition
Cephalexin 2 grams
Clindamycin 600 mg
Azithromycin 500mg
Term
What are 3 alternative drugs for premedication if your child patient is allergic to pencillin?
Definition
Cephalexin 50 mg
Clindamycin 20 mg
Azithromycin 15mg
Term
How far in advance should your patient take premedication?
Definition
30-60 minutes before the appointment
Term
What are 6 conditions that require premedication?
Definition
artificial heart valve
heart transplant
Hx of infective endocarditis
congenital heart lesions
artificial joints
uncontrolled diabetes
Term
On the medical history, what does CC stand for?
Definition
chief complaint
Term
On the medical history, what does HPI stand for?
Definition
History present illness
Term
On the medical history, what does GH stand for?
Definition
general health
Term
On the medical history, what does UCHD stand for?
Definition
Usual childhood diseases
Term
For review of systems, what does Heent stand for?
Definition
head, ears, eyes, nose, throat
Term
For review of systems, what does RES stand for?
Definition
respiratory
Term
For review of systems, what does CV stand for?
Definition
cardiovascular
Term
For review of systems, what does GI stand for?
Definition
gastrointestinal
Term
For review of systems, what does GU stand for?
Definition
genitourinary
Term
For review of systems, what does MBJ stand for?
Definition
muscles, bones, joints
Term
For review of systems, what does CNS stand for?
Definition
central nervous system
Term
For review of systems, what does endo stand for?
Definition
endocrine
Term
For review of systems, what does hemo stand for?
Definition
hematological
Term
For review of systems, what does met stand for?
Definition
metabolism
Term
On the medical history, what does FHX stand for?
Definition
family history
Term
On the medical history, what does DHX stand for?
Definition
dental history
Term
ROS category for AIDS/HIV
Definition
Hemo
Term
ROS category for Alzheimer's Disease
Definition
SerIll
Term
ROS category for anaphylaxis
Definition
allergy
Term
ROS category for Anemia
Definition
Hemo
Term
ROS category for Angina
Definition
CV
Term
ROS category for arthritis/gout
Definition
MBJ
Term
ROS category for artificial heart valve
Definition
CV
Term
ROS category for artificial joint
Definition
MBJ
Term
ROS category for asthma
Definition
Res
Term
ROS category for blood disease
Definition
Hemo
Term
ROS category for blood transfusion
Definition
Hemo
Term
ROS category for breathing problems
Definition
Res
Term
ROS category for bruise easily
Definition
Hemo
Term
ROS category for cancer
Definition
Hemo
Term
ROS category for chemotherapy
Definition
Hemo
Term
ROS category for chest pains
Definition
CV
Term
ROS category for cold sores/fever blisters
Definition
Heent
Term
ROS category for congenital heart disorder
Definition
CV
Term
ROS category for convulsions
Definition
CNS
Term
ROS category for cortisone medication
Definition
*category for the condition being treated*
Term
ROS category for diabetes
Definition
Endo
Term
ROS category for drug addiction
Definition
SerIll
Term
ROS category for easily winded
Definition
Res
Term
ROS category for emphysema
Definition
Res
Term
ROS category for epilepsy/seizures
Definition
CNS
Term
ROS category for excessive bleeding
Definition
Hemo
Term
ROS category for excessive thirst
Definition
GI
Term
ROS category for fainting/dizzy spells
Definition
CNS
Term
ROS category for frequent cough
Definition
Res
Term
ROS category for frequent diarrhea
Definition
GI
Term
ROS category for frequent headaches
Definition
CNS
Term
ROS category for genital herpes
Definition
GU
Term
ROS category for glaucoma
Definition
Heent
Term
ROS category for hay fever
Definition
Res
Term
ROS category for heart attack/failure
Definition
CV
Term
ROS category for heart murmur
Definition
CV
Term
ROS category for heart pace maker
Definition
CV
Term
ROS category for heart trouble/disease
Definition
CV
Term
ROS category for hemophilia
Definition
Hemo
Term
ROS category for Hep A, B, C
Definition
GI
Term
ROS category for high BP
Definition
CV
Term
ROS category for herpes
Definition
GI
Term
ROS category for hives/rash
Definition
Allergy
Term
ROS category for hypoglycemia
Definition
Endo
Term
ROS category for irregular heartbeat
Definition
CV
Term
ROS category for kidney problems
Definition
GU
Term
ROS category for leukemia
Definition
Hemo
Term
ROS category for liver disease
Definition
GI
Term
ROS category for low BP
Definition
CV
Term
ROS category for lung disease
Definition
Res
Term
ROS category for mitral valve prolapse
Definition
CV
Term
ROS category for pain in jaw joints
Definition
Heent
Term
ROS category for parathyroid disease
Definition
Endo
Term
ROS category for psychiatric care
Definition
SerIll
Term
ROS category for radiation treatment
Definition
Hemo
Term
ROS category for recent weight loss
Definition
met
Term
ROS category for renal dialysis
Definition
GU
Term
ROS category for rheumatic fever
Definition
CV
Term
ROS category for rheumatism
Definition
MBJ
Term
ROS category for scarlet fever
Definition
CV
Term
ROS category for shingles
Definition
GU
Term
ROS category for sickle cell disease
Definition
Hemo
Term
ROS category for sinus trouble
Definition
Res
Term
ROS category for spina bifida
Definition
SerIll
Term
ROS category for stomach/intestinal disease
Definition
GI
Term
ROS category for stroke
Definition
CNS
Term
ROS category for swelling of the limbs
Definition
MBJ
Term
ROS category for thyroid disease
Definition
Endo
Term
ROS category for tonsilitis
Definition
Heent
Term
ROS category for TB
Definition
Res
Term
ROS category for tumors or growths
Definition
Hemo
Term
ROS category for Ulcers
Definition
GI
Term
ROS category for venereal disease
Definition
GU
Term
ROS category for yellow jaundice
Definition
GI
Term
What are 5 purposes of taking a medical history
Definition
1. etiology of conditions which may effect tx
2. reveal precautions (siezures, help moving)
3. recognition of undiagnosed conditions
4. documentation
5. understand emotional and psychological factors
Term
What are 5 advantages of the medical history questionnaire?
Definition
1. standardized form
2. symptom and disease oriented
3. patient's own writing
4. saves time
5. skip to relevant info easier
Term
What is 2 cons of the medical hx questionnaire?
Definition
1. impersonal
2. inflexible (doesn't always give you the answers you need)
Term
What are 2 cons of the Medical Hx interview?
Definition
1. time consuming
2. possible omissions
Term
What are the two types of medical histories taken at SCC?
Definition
questionnaire and interview
Term
Why is it important to have the DOB on the medical Hx form?
Definition
helps identify if there is more than one patient with the same name
Term
Can a parent or guardian give permission for their child to be treated over the phone?
Definition
yes
Term
what is it considered if you do not obtain permission before treating a patient?
Definition
battery of the patient
Term
Can a babysitter give permission to treat for a minor?
Definition
no
Term
What premed should you use if your patient is allergic to both penicillin and cephalosporins? Give dosages for adult and child
Definition
Clindamycin
adult- 600mg
child- 20mg
Term
What are two clinical considerations for a patient with hypertension?
Definition
shorter appts
use of anesthetics (depending on how high the BP is effects anesthetic used)
Term
What is postural hypotension?
Definition
sudden decrease in BP usually due to standing up too fast.
Term
what is syncope and who does it typically effect? (2)
Definition
temporary loss of consciousness due to drop in BP
-pregnant women and elderly
Term
What are 3 common effects of hypertension?
Definition
dizziness
blurred vision
sycope
Term
What is angina?
Definition
acute chest pains as the result of decreased blood supply to the heart brought on by physical activity
Term
What medication should the patient have with them and place on the counter during tx if they suffer from angina?
Definition
nitroglycerin
Term
What is a myocardial infarction?
Definition
reduction of blood flow through the coronary arteries resulting in necrosis of the tissues
Term
what is rheumatic heart disease?
Definition
cardiac manifestation of rheumatic fever. Can result in heart valve damage that is susceptible to bacteremia (no premed needed)
Term
What should you ask a patient with a hx of rheumatic heart disease?
Definition
how long have they had it
have they had any complications
Term
What is the bacterial agent for bacterial endocarditis?
Definition
streptococci
Term
What is a clinical consideration for a patient with congestive heart failure?
Definition
seat in semi-supine position
Term
What physical signs would you see in a patient with congestive heart failure? (3)
Definition
swollen ankles
stress/duress
increased pulse
Term
What are two common meds for congestive heart failure?
Definition
digitalis
lanoxin
Term
What equipment can you not use for a patient with an unshielded pacemaker?
Definition
ultrasonic
Term
What should you do with a patient's pacemaker card after confirming if it is a shielded/unshielded model?
Definition
make a copy for the patient chart
Term
What does CVA stand for and what condition is it associated with?
Definition
cerebral vascular accident (stroke)
Term
What is a TIA and what should we do about it?
Definition
little strokes that last a few minutes and don't leave any damage. Make a note in the patient chart
Term
What is a clinical consideration for Hep A
Definition
do not treat it active
Term
what is a clinical consideration for Hep B
Definition
prone to drug toxicity
Term
what is a clinical consideration for Hep C
Definition
can't metabolize drugs (due to alcohol or drug abuse)
Term
What is a common resulting disease for Hep A, B, and C
Definition
kidney disease
Term
what is a clinical consideration for liver disease?
Definition
issues with drug metabolism--> local anesthesia not always successful
Term
What is the oral manifestation for syphilis? How is it treated?
Definition
stage 2- oral mucosa patch
penicillin
Term
What is the oral manifestation for gonorrhea?
Definition
erosive lichen planus, erythema multiforme
Term
What is the oral manifestation for HPV?
Definition
oral warts (refer out for tx)
Term
What is the oral manifestation for herpes
Definition
vesicle (cannot work on patient when in active form)
Term
What is the oral manifestation for HIV/AIDS
Definition
gingivitis
peri candidiasis (thrush- fungal infection)
white hairy leukoplakia
Term
What are 3 clinical considerations for respiratory disease?>
Definition
1. semi-supine seating
2. No nitrous or air polisher
3. keep inhaler or oxygen nearby
Term
If a patient has active TB, what do you need to do/how long do you need to wait before you can treat them?
Definition
need MD clearance
meds for 2 weeks (1 pill/day)- incubation 12 weeks
Term
What are 2 clinical considerations for bronchitis
Definition
inhaler
semi-supine
Term
What are 4 symptoms of undiagnosed diabetes?
Definition
increased thirst
increased appetite
frequent urination
sudden weight loss
Term
Is Type 1 diabetes mellitus insulin dependent?
Definition
No. late onset (>30 years old). Controlled with diet and exercise
Term
Is type 2 diabetes mellitus insulin dependent?
Definition
yes.
Term
what is insulin shock?
Definition
HYPOglycemia. Shakey, nervous, needs sugar
Term
what is diabetic shock?
Definition
HYPERglycemia. Needs insulin
Term
What is anemia?
Definition
iron deficiency resulting in decrease in oxygen to tissues
Term
What are symptoms of anemia?
Definition
weakness
headaches
palor
atrophic glossitis (loss of filiform papilla)
pale gingiva
Term
What is a clinical consideration for anemia?
Definition
send for nutritional counseling
Term
What disease are hemophiliacs at risk for?
Definition
HIV
Term
what procedure should be avoided for hemophiliacs?
Definition
block injections
Term
What are 6 signs of leukemia?
Definition
lymph node involvement
fatigue
palor
dry mouth
ulcers
abnormal bleeding
Term
What should you confirm with an MD prior to treating a patient with leukemia?
Definition
if pre-med is needed
if they are currently on chemo or radiation
Term
What are 2 common anticoagulant therapies?
Definition
heparin
Coumadin
aspirin
Term
What medication is used to treat adrenal insufficiency?
Definition
steroids
Term
What is Addison's Disease
Definition
insufficient hormone production of the Adrenal gland
Term
what are the symptoms of Addison's Disease
Definition
weakness
dizziness
vomiting
brownish color skin
Term
What is a clinical consideration for systemic steroid therapy?
Definition
possible pre-med
Term
what diseases are patients with a kidney transplant at risk for?
Definition
hepatitis and AIDS
Term
What medications are used for kidney transplant patients?
Definition
corticosteroid therapy
Term
What is the oral manifestation for a patient with epilepsy/seizures?
Definition
gingival hyperplasia (Dilantin)
Term
What is a clinical consideration for patients undergoing alcohol/drug rehab? (3)
Definition
no mouthwash with alcohol
may not be able to give anesthesia
will ask for pain meds often
Term
What is a clinical consideration for patients with joint replacements?
Definition
call MD to see if premed is needed (may only be for first 2 years after procedure)
Term
What 3 conditions should you check with an MD before treating?
Definition
congential heart defect
systemic steroid therapy
uncontrolled diabetes
Term
What are 3 medications that may affect treatment?
Definition
tranquilizers/antidepressants
anticoagulants
antihypertensives
Term
what are 5 conditions that NO LONGER require pre-med?
Definition
1. heart murmur d/t rheumatic fever
2. mitral valve prolapse with regurgitation
3. hemophilia
4. bicuspid valve disease
5. congenital heart conditions
Term
What are drugs/materials that may cause allergic reactions
Definition
1. penicillin (antibiotic)
2. erythromycin (antibiotic)
3. sulfa (antibiotics)
4. iodine
5. asprin
6. local anesthesia
7. latex
Term
What are 6 drugs/conditions with oral manifestations?
Definition
1. HIV/AIDS
2. Dilantin (gingival hyperplasia)
3. Antihypertensives (Ca channel blockers)
4. cyclosporins (organ transplant- gingival hyperplasia)
5. syphilis
6. leukemia
Term
What are the 4 alert stamps that can be added to the top of a patient's medical history?
Definition
Allergy
Implant
language
premed
Term
what do you do if the chief complaint of your patient is pain?>
Definition
refer out. Can't treat people in severe pain at SCC
Term
Do you need to know the brand of birth control?
Definition
No. just the form (injection, pill, iud)
Term
What color should you write alerts in the medical chart>
Definition
red
Term
What are a few examples of medical alerts?
Definition
pregnant (include due date), allergy, considerations affecting dental treatment
Term
What are some examples of UCHD? (3)
Definition
measles, mumps, chicken pox
Term
Are you required to report child and sexual abuse?
Definition
Yes. mandated reported (fine and possible jail time for failing to do so)
Term
Are you required to report drug use?
Definition
No. This is confidential information. Cannot share adolescent drug use with parents
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