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| Forms of ΔP (pressure gradient) |
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| P1-P2/time or P1-P2/length |
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| Poiseuille's Law resistance equation |
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| Poiseuille's Law flow equation |
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Pressure conversion:
mmHg to dyne/cm² |
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Pressure conversion:
dyne/cm² to mmHg |
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Flow conversion:
L/min to cm³/sec |
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Flow conversion:
cm³/sec to L/min |
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| Muscles compress veins→(↓BP)→more blood back to heart→muscles relay demand for O2 to brain→↑HR→↑sympathetic activity→more filling→more strech→more forcable contraction The Frank–Starling law of the heart (aka Starling's law) states that the stroke volume of the heart increases in response to an increase in the volume of blood filling the heart (the end diastolic volume). The increased volume of blood stretches the ventricular wall, causing cardiac muscle to contract more forcefully. The stroke volume may also increase as a result of greater contractility of the cardiac muscle during exercise, independent of the end-diastolic volume. The Frank-Starling mechanism appears to make its greatest contribution to increasing stroke volume at lower work rates, and contractility has its greatest influence at higher work rates. |
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