Term
| is adaption internal or external? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| is selective pressure internal or external? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the Bottleneck effect? |
|
Definition
| a drastic reduction in population size |
|
|
Term
what is an example of a species that went through the Bottleneck effect? (twice, what were they)
what is the negative effect of this? |
|
Definition
cheetah went through ice age and overhunting
there is basically no genetic variation
cannot adapt |
|
|
Term
| what is the Founder effect? |
|
Definition
| genetic drift in a new colony |
|
|
Term
| what are the negative results of the Founder effect? |
|
Definition
| results in high frequency of certain inherited disorders among some populations |
|
|
Term
| what is an example of the Founder effect? |
|
Definition
Tristan da Cunha
few people in new population had retinitis pigemntosa (degeneration of the retina), now almost the entire population has it |
|
|
Term
| how does the bottleneck effect represent the original population? |
|
Definition
| usually does not represent original population well |
|
|
Term
| what does the bottleneck do to genotypes and phenotypes? |
|
Definition
| results in great change in genotypic and phenotypic ratios |
|
|
Term
| what is the bottleneck effect caused by? |
|
Definition
| usually caused by a drastic event (hurricane, fire) |
|
|
Term
| what evolves, the population or the individuals? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| who made the statement warning about public listening to faulty sources? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| group of interbreeding organisms |
|
|
Term
| what makes something be defined as a species? |
|
Definition
| it is reproductively isolated from other organisms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| small changes that occur in a population |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| formation of 1 species into a new 1 or >1 species over time |
|
|
Term
| what is the difference between branching and non-branching speciation? |
|
Definition
non-branching creates 1 new species
branching creates >1 new species |
|
|
Term
| what was Darwin's model of speciation? |
|
Definition
| gradualist model - traditional tree diagram descent of species as gradual divergence |
|
|
Term
| what is the problem with the gradualist model? |
|
Definition
| doesn't explain all of the fossil record |
|
|
Term
| what is punctuated equilibrium and who came up with it? |
|
Definition
| Eldredge and Gould, a rapid change that usually occurs after a major event (BOOM) |
|
|
