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10.18 Bone pathology
8:30 by Dr. McGoey
241
Pathology
Professional
10/18/2011

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Term
How many bones do adults have? Fetus?
Definition
206 (>50% in hands and feet)
fetus has >300, some fuse
Term
What are the 4 main architectural shapes of bones?
Definition
long, flat, sesamoid, irregular
Term
What are sesamoid bones?
Definition
bones embedded in tendon (patella and sesamoids of hands)
Term
What is the axial skeleton?
Definition
central skeleton of cranium, thorax, and vertebral column (NOT pelvis, clavical or scapula)
Term
Bone resorption is the dominant state after ___ yoa.
Definition
30
Term
Osteoblasts deposit ____.
Definition
osteoid
Term
What is osteoid?
Definition
unmineralized form of bone matrix that is 90% composed of type 1 collagen
Term
What's the difference between an osteoblast and an osteocyte?
Definition
osteoblast is called an osteocyte once surrounded by osteoid and sits iwthin a lacunae
Term
Where do osteoblasts come from?
Definition
differentiate from progenitor cells in periosteum
Term
What are osteoclasts?
Definition
large (100um) mutlinucleated bone resorbing cells that are stimulated by PTH and reside in resorption bays
Term
How do osteoclasts resorb bone?
Definition
create an acidic environment in their resorption bays
Term
When en utero does bone formation occur?
Definition
7-36 WGA
Term
Which genes control bone formation/embryology?
Definition
homeobox genes
Term
What do you call the place at which bone formation occurs en utero?
Definition
primary ossification center
Term
During development, woven bone is replaced by...
Definition
lamellar bone, which is orderly, stronger and the normal adult type of bone
Term
Describe the first type of bone formed in utero.
Definition
"woven bone" randomly deposited and weaker because mixed with cartilage.
Term
When is woven bone normal?
Definition
fetuses and grwoth plates of kids; abnormal in adult
Term
What types of bone formation process is used to heal bone?
Definition
endochondral and intramembranous
Term
Bone formation during childhood growth is achieved via what process?
Definition
endochondral process
Term
What's another name for childhood growth of bone?
Definition
appositional growth
Term
Describe endochondral growth?
Definition
beings in hyaline cartilage; requires chondrocyte to proceed through three main stages before osteoblast can produce osteoid (proliferation, hypertrophy, calcification, ossification)
Term
What happens during each stage of endochondral bone formation?
Definition
proliferaiton: conchrocytes proliferate forming stackes
hypertrophy: chondrocytes enlarge and start making collagen
calcification: chondrocytes die and cartilage is calcified
ossification: osteoblasts invade tissue to make osteoid which later mineralizes into bone
Term
Which bones form en utero via intramembranous formation?
Definition
fetal cranium and clavicle
Term
Describe the process of intramembranous bone formation.
Definition
requires a group (nodule) of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in medullary cavity to differentiate into osteoblast
Term
What is the #1 bone lesion?
Definition
fracture
Term
What are two types of fractures that are not entirely due to trauma?
Definition
pathologic fracture: underlying bone is abnormal
stress fracture: due to repetitive physical stress
Term
What are the types of fracture?
Definition
incomplete versus complete; simple versus compound, displaced
Term
What are the three stages of bone fracture healing?
Definition
early fracture stage, repair or callus stage and remodeling
Term
Describe the early fracture stage.
Definition
1st 48 hours; characterized by hematoma and inflammation
Term
Describe the repair or callus stage.
Definition
granulation tissue for 2-12 days
soft callus (aka procallus) for 10 days (primary cartilaginous, no rigidity,)
hard callus (14-21 days) bone deposited, woven at first, weight bearing
Term
How long does bone remodeling take?
Definition
original cortex reconstituted, occurs over months to years
Term
Hertiable skeletal disorder due to a collagen defect =
Definition
osteogenesis imperfecta
Term
Hertiable skeletal disorder due to fibroblast growth factor receptor defects =
Definition
achondroplasia or thanatophoric dwarfism
Term
What type of collagen is affected in OI?
Definition
one (alpha1/alpha2 chains)
Term
What characteristics of the bones cause pathology in pts with OI?
Definition
too little bone and under-mineralized or britte bones
Term
What are the histological characteristics of OI?
Definition
early endochondral stages normal; no calcification or ossification; decreased osteoid, increase in woven bone
Term
Which type of OI is associated with perinatal death?
Definition
II
Term
Which type of OI is associated with blue sclarae?
Definition
types I-III
Term
What types of OI are associated with abnormal teeth?
Definition
I/III
Term
What types of OI are associated with hearing loss?
Definition
types I/III
Term
What is the general inheritance pattern of OI?
Definition
most are AD (exception is II and some III)
Term
What is the number one growth plate disorder?
Definition
achondroplasia
Term
What is the prevalence of achondroplasia veruss thanatophoric dwarfism?
Definition
1/20,000 achondroplasia; 1/30,000 thanatophoric
Term
Compare/contrast the mutations associated with achondroplasia and thanatophoric dwarfism.
Definition
FGFR3 (4p) mutation= abnormal endochondral bone formation, specifically abnormal chondrocyte proliferation
Term
Compare/contrast the differences in apperance of achondroplasia and thanatophoric dwarfism?
Definition
both have: rhizomelic limb shortening, relative macrocephaly with frontal bossing
A: normal thorax
T: small thorax -> pulmonary hypoplasia and death
Term
What is the histological appearance of achondroplasia and thanatophoric dwarfism?
Definition
no columnization of chondrocytes in endochondral bone formation
Term
What disease is caused by defective osteoblasts that can't keep up with destructive work of the osteoclasts?
Definition
osteoporosis
Term
What bone disorder is caused by defective osteoclasts that can't effectively remodel the bone?
Definition
osteopetrosis
Term
What is an example of a mixed osteoblast-osteoclast defective disorder?
Definition
paget's
Term
What is the definition of osteoporosis?
Definition
accelerated bone loss such that bone mineral density (BMD) is less than or equal to 2.5 SDs below STM
Term
What is the expected age-related bone loss per year?
Definition
.7%/year
Term
What is primary osteoporosis?
Definition
age-related osteoporosis
Term
What is secondary osteoporosis?
Definition
osteoporosis d/t steroid use, cancer, or hyperparathyroidism
Term
What are the risk factors for primary osteoporosis?
Definition
female, >70 yoa, caucasian, early menopause and/or decrease estrogen, inactivity, smoking, EtOH, caffeine, decreased dietary calcium
Term
What is the gross pathology of osteoporosis?
Definition
vertebral collapse (compresson fractures), loss of height, kyphosis, pelvic/femoral neck fractures
Term
What is the histology of osteoporosis?
Definition
thin osteoid spicules
Term
What are two alternate names for osteopetrosis?
Definition
marble bone disease, albers-schonberg disease
Term
What is the gros pathology of osteopetrosis?
Definition
thick, "erlenmeyer flask" shaped brittle bones with no medullary canal
Term
What are the clinical manifestations of osteopetrosis?
Definition
fractures, cytopeias, infection
Term
What is the histology of osteopetrosis?
Definition
woven bone, no marrow
Term
What causes osteopetrosis?
Definition
genetic; AD is less serious, AR results in neonatal death
Term
What's another name for pagets disease?
Definition
osteitis deformans
Term
What causes paget's disease?
Definition
idiopathic (viral? genetic?)
Term
How common is paget's disease?
Definition
10% of adults
Term
What are teh symptoms of paget's disease?
Definition
most are asymptomatic; dx, usually incidental xray. Pain is the MC compliant. Also leontiasis, transferse (chalkstick) fractures.
Term
People with Paget's disease are predisposed to...
Definition
bone tumors both benign (giant cell tumors) and malignant (osteosarcoma) Usually in severe type after 20 yrs of disease
Term
Where does paget's disease occur?
Definition
85% are polyostotic (axial skeleton, proximal femur, tibia, clavical)
Term
What are the three stages of Paget's disease?
Definition
1) lytic/osteoclastic 2) mixed/osteoblastic 3) sclerotic
Term
Describe stage 1 paget's disease.
Definition
lytic/osteoclastic: osteoclasts increased, abnormally large and have increased numbers of nuclei
Term
Describe stage 2 paget's disease.
Definition
mixed/osteoblastic: osteoblasts are increased, abundant
osteoid: woven and lamellar bone, some osteoclasts remain
Term
Describe stage 3 paget's disease.
Definition
sclerotic: oss of osteoclasts, all woven bone replaced by lamellar bone, laid down in a mosaic pattern in thick spicules
Term
Osteomyelitis requires what diagnostic tests?
Definition
bone biopsy and culture
Term
What is the MC osteomyelitits organism?
Definition
staphylococcus aureus (80%)
Term
What is the most common osteomyelitis organism in neonates?
Definition
e coli and group B strep
Term
What is the most common osteomyelitis microorganism for sickle cell pts?
Definition
salmonella
Term
What is the most common microorganism in osteomyelitis post trauma?
Definition
polymicrobial and anaerobes
Term
What percent of TB patients have osteomyelitis?
Definition
1-3%
Term
What is Pott disease?
Definition
TB osteomyelitis of vertebrae
Term
What are the symptoms of osteomyelitis?
Definition
fever, point tenderness, high WBCs, ESR, CRP
Term
What perecent of osteomyelitis cases fail treatment and become chronic?
Definition
25%
Term
What are the complications of chronic osteomyelitis?
Definition
fracture, sepsis, endocarditis, malignancy
Term
What does osteomyelitis look like on xray?
Definition
lytic focus with sclerotic rim
Term
What is the gross pathology of osteomyelitis?
Definition
sequestrum, involucru, subperiosteal abscess, draining sinus
Term
What is sequestrum?
Definition
infected bone that undergoes necrosis and can house viable bacteria for years
Term
What is involucrum?
Definition
new bone growth around site during healing
Term
Is a tumor in the bone likely to be metastatic or primary?
Definition
metastatic
Term
What percent of primary bone tumors are benign/malignant?
Definition
benign (60%) > malignant (40%)
Term
What population more commonly gets primary bone tumors?
Definition
childhood-young adult (bone tumors in elderly are more likely malignant)
males > females
Term
Primary bone tumors are more common in what types of bones?
Definition
long bones
Term
To diagnose a bone tumor it is important to note...
Definition
site of tumor within bone and Xray appearance of tumor
Term
What is the most common site for bone tumors?
Definition
metaphysis
Term
What are the different cell types bone tumors can arise from?
Definition
hematopoietic (40%), cartilage (25%), bone (20%), fibrous (5%), miscellaneous (10%)
Term
List benign and malignant bone tumors of the cartilage.
Definition
benign= chondroma, osteochondroma
malignant= chondrosarcoma
Term
List the benign and malignant bone tumors of the bone.
Definition
benign= osteoma, osteoid osteoma, osteoblastoma
malignant= osteogenic sarcoma
Term
What are the benign and malignant types of fibrous bone tumors?
Definition
benign: nonossifying fibroma and fibrous dysplasia
malignant= fibrosarcoma
Term
Name the benign and malignant miscellaneous types of bone tumors.
Definition
benign: giant cell tumor
malignant: ewing sarcoma
Term
What is the most common primary bone malignancy?
Definition
multiple myeloma
Term
What populations most commonly gets multiple myeloma?
Definition
50-60 yoa; M>F
Term
Where does multiple myloma occur?
Definition
polyostotic; axial sekelton>appendicular, vertebrae (65%), ribs (45%), skull (40%)
Term
How does multiple myeloma present?
Definition
pain and pathologic fracture; recurrent infection, renal failure
Term
What is plasmacytoma?
Definition
subtype of MM; solitary lesion of bone or soft tissue, may progress to full muliple myeloma
Term
What does MM look like on xray?
Definition
lytic, punched-out lesions
Term
What does MM look like grossly?
Definition
multiple small, round depressed lesions
Term
What does MM look like histologically?
Definition
sheets of plasma cells
Term
Where does chondroma occur and in what age range?
Definition
hands/feet (60%); diaphysis; >30 yoa
Term
Where does osteochondroma occur and in what age range?
Definition
long bones (30% in the knee), meta/epiphyseal junction, <30 yoa (males 3:1)
Term
Where does chondrosarcoma occur and in what age range?
Definition
axial skeleton and proximal femur; >40 yoa
Term
What's another name for osteochondroma?
Definition
exostoses
Term
How big are osteochondromas?
Definition
<20cm
Term
How big are chondromas?
Definition
<3cm
Term
Are chondromas and osteochondromas painful?
Definition
only if they impinge upon a nerve
Term
What is the chance of malignant transformation of osteochondroma?
Definition
2%
Term
What is the chance of malignant transformation of chondroma?
Definition
1% malignant transformation
Term
Are osteochondromas more commonly solitary or multiple?
Definition
solitary
muliple in multiple hereditary exostoses (AD) with <10% malignant transformation
Term
What is teh MC benign bone tumor?
Definition
osteochondroma
Term
What is teh MC primary tumor of the hand?
Definition
chondroma
Term
Are chondromas more often solitary or multiple?
Definition
multiple in ollier syndrome and mafucci syndrome (with hemangiomas); 30% malignant transformation
Term
What is the gross appearance of osteochondroma?
Definition
pedunculated, mushroom shape; medullary cavity continuous with mass; hyaline cartilage cap over bone
Term
What is teh gross appearance of chondroma?
Definition
oval, popcorn shape; lucent iwth surrounded dense, reactive bone ("O" ring sign on xray), hyaline cartilage
Term
What do you call an intramedullary chondroma?
Definition
enchondroma
Term
What is the 2nd MC malignant bone tumor?
Definition
chondrosarcoma
Term
What patient population is typical of chondrosarcomas?
Definition
>40 yoa; males 2:1
Term
Where in the body do chondrosarcomas occur?
Definition
axial skeleton (pelvis, ribs, proximal femur); medullary with crotical erosion
Term
What are the symptoms of chondrosarcoma?
Definition
painful, rapidly growing
Term
What is the 5 yr survival rate of a grade 1 chondrosarcoma? grade 3?
Definition
1= >90%
3= 45% (70% metastasize to lungs, liver, kidney, brain)
Term
What does a chondrosarcoma look like grossly?
Definition
white, gray, bulky
Term
What is the histolgy of chondrosarcoma?
Definition
atypical cohndrocytes in lacunae, hypercellular, mitoses. histological subtypes are Clear cell and mesenchymal
Term
Describe clear cell chondrosarcoma.
Definition
clear, vacuolated cells with giant cells, younger (<40 yoa), better prognosis
Term
Describe mesenchymal chondrosarcoma.
Definition
cartilage admixed with small blue cells, younger <40 yoa, worse prognosis
Term
What type of bones are affected by osteoma?
Definition
face, skull, sinus
Term
What types of bones are affected by osteoid osteoma?
Definition
long bones
Term
What tyeps of bones are affected by blastoma?
Definition
vertebrae
Term
What types of bones are affected by osteogenic sarcoma?
Definition
long bones
Term
What is the general age range of osteoma?
Definition
>40 yoa
Term
What is the general age range of osteoid osteoma?
Definition
10-25 yoa
Term
What is the general age range of osteoblastoma?
Definition
10-25 yoa
Term
What is the age range of osteogenic sarcoma?
Definition
10-20 yoa primary OGS, >40 yoa secondary OGS
Term
What is the gender prevalence of osteoid osteoma and osteoblastoma?
Definition
osteoid osteoma and osteoblastoma
Term
How do you differentiate between osteoid osteoma and osteoblastoma?
Definition
osteoblastoma is in axial skeleton (vertebrae), >2cm, constant pain, no relief
Osteoid osteoma= appendicular (femur, tibia, <2cm), PM pain that is relieved with aspirin
Term
What are the esymptoms of osteoma?
Definition
asymptomatic
Term
When you see multiple lesions of osteoma think about...
Definition
Garder syndrome (AD colonic polyposis)
Term
What is the gross/xray appearance of osteoid osteoma and osteoblastoma?
Definition
round-oval, lucent (nidus) with rimming
Term
What is the histology of osteoid osteoma and osteoblastoma?
Definition
woven bone with osteoblast rimming; stroma with giant cells
Term
What is the gross/xray apperance of osteoma?
Definition
round-oval, radiopaque
Term
What is the histology of osteoma?
Definition
lamellar bone
Term
What is the MC primary malignant bone tumor (excluding hematopoietic tumors)?
Definition
osteogenic sarcoma
Term
Osteogenic sarcoma accounts for ___% of all primary bone malignancies.
Definition
20%
Term
What patient population gets osteogenic sarcoma (OGS)?
Definition
74%= 10-20 yoa
25%= >40 yoa, secondary OGS with prior XRT or Paget's
Term
What is the MC primary malignant bone tumor in children?
Definition
OGS (osteogenic sarcoma)
Term
Where does OGS occur?
Definition
metaphyseal, medullary with cortical extension
50% in knee, 15% in hip/femur; 10% in proximal humererous. 8% mandible
Term
What is the presenting symptom of osteogenic sarcoma?
Definition
"pain"
Term
What is the survival rate of OGS?
Definition
15% have mets @ time of dx; 60% survival
Term
What is the MC site of mets from an osteogenic sarcoma?
Definition
lung
Term
What do you see on gross/xray of osteogenic sarcoma?
Definition
white chalky medullary mass with hemmorrhage; lifts periosteum from below (codman's triangle), invades through cortex into soft tissue (sunburst sign)
Term
What is the histology of osteogenic sarcoma?
Definition
lacy, course osteoid; malignant atypical cells
Term
Where does non-ossifying fibroma occur?
Definition
femur
Term
Where does fibrous dysplasia occur?
Definition
monostotic: ribs, femur
polystotic: femur, craniofacies
Term
Where does fibrosarcoma occur?
Definition
long bones
Term
In what age range does non-ossifying fibroma occur?
Definition
>20 yoa
Term
n what age does fibrous dysplasia occur?
Definition
<20 yoa
Term
What age does fibrosarcoma occur?
Definition
>40 yoa
Term
Describe monostotic fibrous dysplasia.
Definition
75% of bone tumors; invovles ribs and femur, usually incidental
Term
Describe polyostotic fibrous dysplasia.
Definition
25%, femur, craniofacies with disfigurement; 5% manifest as McCune Albright syndrome
Term
What is McCune albright syndrome?
Definition
%5 of polyostotic fibrous dysplasia manifest as this syndrome. Characterized by cafe au lait, precocious puberty, and hyper TH
Term
How/where does non-ossifying fibroma present?
Definition
femur; 50% bilateral or multiple, may have pathologic fracture
Term
How big are non-ossifying fibromas?
Definition
<5cm
Term
What is the precursor lesion for non-ossifying fibroma?
Definition
fibrous cortical defect
Term
What is the gross/xray appearance of fibrous dysplasia?
Definition
white/tan, gritty ground glass
Term
What is the histological apperance of fibrous dysplasia?
Definition
whorled fibrous stroma, woven bone in thin spicules "chinese letters"
Term
What is the gross/xray appearance of non-ossifying fibroma?
Definition
yellow-brown, eccentric,scalloped
Term
What is the histological apperance of non-ossifying fibroma?
Definition
whorled fibrous stroma, osteoclast-like giant cells
Term
What age group is assoc with fibrosarcoma?
Definition
>40 yoa
Term
Where do fibrosarcomas found?
Definition
long bones (knee); metaphyses, medullary
Term
How do fibrosarcomas present?
Definition
pathologic fracture is frequent
Term
What are the two types of fibrous sarcoma?
Definition
primary > secondary (due to paget's, prior XRT)
Term
What is the gross/xray appearance of fibrosarcomas?
Definition
large, tan, hemorrhagic, lytic, with cortical erosions into soft tissue
Term
What is the histological appearance of fibrosarcoma?
Definition
herringbone pattern, minor atypia
Term
Where do giant cell tumors form?
Definition
long bones
Term
Where do ewing sarcomas form?
Definition
long bones
Term
What is the age range of giant cell tumor?
Definition
20-40 yoa
Term
What is the age range of ewing sarcoma?
Definition
<20 yoa
Term
What is the gender preference of giant cell tumor?
Definition
females
Term
What is the most common type of bone tumor of young adults?
Definition
giant cell tumor of bone
Term
Where do giant cell tumors occur?
Definition
knee and distal phalyx (metaphyseal, epiphyseal junction)
Term
What are the symptoms of giant cell tumor?
Definition
arthritic type complaints
Term
Is giant cell tumor more often solitary or multiple?
Definition
solitary
Term
How do you treat giant cell tumor of bone?
Definition
50% recur following curettage; 5% "metastasize" to lungs, but no treatment necessary
Term
Can giant cell tumors transform into malignancies?
Definition
rare malignant transformation into FS or OGS
Term
What is the gross/xray appearance of giant cell tumor of bone?
Definition
large, hemorrhagic and cystic, lytic with "soap bubble" appearance
Term
what is the histology of giant cell tumor of bone?
Definition
numerous MNGCs with same nuclei as surrounding small cells, hemorrhage
Term
What is Ewing's sarcoma a cancer of?
Definition
malignant small round cell tumor of bone
Term
What is the second MC malignant bone tumor of children?
Definition
Ewing sarcoma (first is OGS)
Term
What is the age range/gender/race of typical patients with ewing's sarcoma?
Definition
males > females; whites > blacks
80% are <20 yoa, often 10-15 yoa
Term
Where do ewing sarcoma's occur?
Definition
long bones (femur); diaphysis, medullary
Term
What are the symptoms of ewing sarcomas?
Definition
painful enlarging mass and fever
Term
What is the 5 year survival rate of ewing sarcoma?
Definition
75%
Term
What do ewing's sarcoma look like on gross/xray?
Definition
white/tan, medullary with cortical thickening and extension; lytic
Term
What's teh histology of ewing sarcoma?
Definition
monotonous small blue cells that are immunoflouresence + CD99
Term
What mutations commmonly causes ewing sarcoma?
Definition
t(11,22) with fusion of the EWS gene (22q) to a transcription factor (usually FLI1)
Term
Which bones are MC for mets?
Definition
axial bones (ribs, pelvis, spine)> appendicular
Term
How do mets to bone present?
Definition
pain (70%), pathologic fracture, hyper Ca++ (10%)
Term
>80% of metastatic bone tumors are from..
Definition
breast (MC), prostate, lung, kidney, thyroid
carcinomas are more common than sarcomas
Term
Mets from breast to bone commonly presents as..
Definition
pathologic fracture of proximal femur
Term
What percent of pathologic fractures is due to metastatic breast cancer?
Definition
50^
Term
What is the life expectancy of breast cancer with bone mets?
Definition
18 months
Term
Prostate cancer frequently mets to the...
Definition
vertebral bodies
Term
How do prostate mets to the bone present?
Definition
back pain
Term
What percent of men with prostate CA at autopsy have bone mets?
Definition
>80
Term
What is the 10 year survival rate of prostate cancer with bone mets?
Definition
10%
Term
Which bones do lung cancers metastasize to? How do they present
Definition
spine, hands, feet
pain
Term
What percent of mets to hand bones are from the lung?
Definition
50%
Term
Metastatic bone tumors are usually multiple except for...
Definition
kidney and thyroid
Term
The majority of mets produce what types of lesions in the bone...
Definition
mixed lytic/blastic lesions
Term
What is the histology of metastatic bone cancer?
Definition
recaptiulates primary tumor
Term
Which bone cancers occur in the diaphysis?
Definition
osteoid osteoma, chondroma, and ewings sarcoma
Term
Which bone tumors occur in the metaphysis?
Definition
osteosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, fibrous cortical defect/NOF, osteochondroma
Term
What bone tumors occur in the epiphysis?
Definition
GCT
Term
What types of bone cancers occur at the feet?
Definition
chondroma
Term
What kinds of bone tumors occur at the knee?
Definition
osteochondroma, osteoid osteoma, OGS, NOF, fibrosarcoma, giant cell tumor, ewing sarcoma
Term
What types of bone tumors occur in the pelvis?
Definition
chondrosarcoma and metastasis
Term
What types of bone cancers occur in teh proximal femur?
Definition
chondrosarcoma and fibrous dysplasia
Term
What types of bone cancer occur in the hands?
Definition
chondroma and giant cell tumors
Term
What kinds of bone tumors occur in the vertebrae?
Definition
melanoma, osteoblastoma, metastasis
Term
What kinds of bone cancer occur in the ribs?
Definition
myeloma, chondrosarcoma, monostotic fibrous dysplasia, metastasis
Term
What kinds of bone cancer occur in teh face and sinus?
Definition
osteoma, polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
Term
What kinds of bone tumors occur in the skull?
Definition
multiple myeloma, osteoma, polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, metastasis
Term
Are most bone tumors benign or malignant?
Definition
benign
Term
What is the most common bone malignancy?
Definition
metastatic
Term
What is the most common bone primary malignancy?
Definition
metastatic
Term
What is teh most common primary bone malignancy?
Definition
hematpoietic
Term
What is the most common benign bone tumor?
Definition
osteochondroma
Term
What is the most common primary tumor of the hand?
Definition
chondroma
Term
What is the most common malignant bone tumor of children?
Definition
OGS
Term
What is the most common bone tumor in young adults?
Definition
giant cell tumor
Term
What is the most common primary site of bone metastatic disease?
Definition
breast
Term
List the bone tumors common in pts 10-20 yoa
Definition
osteoid osteoma, OGS, fibrous dysplasia, ewing sarcoma
Term
Name the most common bone tumors for age ranges 20-30 yoa.
Definition
CS, mesenchymal type; CS, clear cell type; osteochondroma; NOF; GCT
Term
What are the common bone tumors for middle age?
Definition
chondroma, CS, osteoma, 2ndary OGS, FS
Term
What are the common bone tumors of older individuals?
Definition
CS, osteoma, secondary OGS, FS, myeloma, mets
Term
What are examples of lytic metastatic bone tumors?
Definition
kidney, lung
Term
What are the different types of metastatic bone tumors?
Definition
prostate
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