Term
|
Definition
| are the traditional degenerate type of lesion w/fat and cholesterol deposited in wall of blood vessels that you normally think of w/ atherosclerosis |
|
|
Term
| Fibroinflammatory lipid plaques |
|
Definition
| are found within atherosclerotic lesions. These inflammatory plaques are more recent. KNOWN TO BE MORE IMPORTANT AND SIGNIFICANT TO ATHEROSCLEROSIS THAN JUST THE OLD LESIONS. |
|
|
Term
| Intima and eventually media |
|
Definition
| damage in the vessel first affects the_______ then eventually the _______ |
|
|
Term
| Lipind, M-phages, foam cells, SMCs |
|
Definition
| found in the intima and part of the fibroinflammatory lipid plaque |
|
|
Term
| cholesterol and lipid get deposited in subendothelial region of blood vessel. Macrophages eat lipid and form foam cells. Smooth mm cells of media proliferate and phagocytize lipid |
|
Definition
| 1st step in fibroinflammatory lipid plaque |
|
|
Term
| fatty streaks are seen in child autopsies. From these fatty streaks it takes DECADES for the plaques to form. |
|
Definition
| Evidence in Fibroinflammatory process in children |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| macrophages/SMCs that phagocytize lipids |
|
|
Term
| What are intimal cell masses |
|
Definition
| made of CT and Smooth muscle cells, they are found at branch points in arterial tree |
|
|
Term
1. macrophage phagocytize fat
2. SMC come help
3. Eventually more fat gets deposited, some cells get distended and rupture, form plug
4. Cap forms |
|
Definition
| 4 steps of fibroinflammatory process |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In inflammatory lipid plaques: all parts, including the _____ have inflammation. |
|
|
Term
1. Simple plaque- pale yellow elevated lesion
2. Fibrofatty plaque- more advanced
3. Fusion of plaques- large
4. Fibroinflammatory lipid plaque |
|
Definition
| 4 types of atheroscleroitc lesions |
|
|
Term
| Due to the release of CYTOKINES and GROWTH FACTORS which have many bad effects including cap growth, bursting of the plaque, and thrombotic events |
|
Definition
| why is inflammation most important? |
|
|
Term
| Obstruction leading to Heart attack, MI, stroke, aortic aneurisms, gangrene of legs |
|
Definition
| Consequences of atherosclerosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| How much of occlusion leads to angina |
|
|
Term
| Chronic IHD, ischemic encephalopathy, bowel ishcemia |
|
Definition
| Problems with stenosis of small arteries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Plaque most prone to rupture |
|
|
Term
Thick fibrous cap
small lipid core
no inflammation
not prone to rupture |
|
Definition
| Characteristics of Hard plaques |
|
|
Term
thin fibrous cap
large lipid core
increased inflammation and collagen degradation
Prone to rupture |
|
Definition
| characteristics of Soft vulnerable plaque |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| How long does it take between SVP rupture and occlusion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what is used to detect inflammation in impending heart attacks |
|
|
Term
Goal <100
Lifestyle change >100
Drug >130 |
|
Definition
| management of High risk >20% risk in 10 years for LDL |
|
|
Term
Goal <130
Lifestyle change >130
Drug risk=10-20% >130
>10% >160 |
|
Definition
| management of middle risk <20% risk in 10 years for LDL |
|
|
Term
Goal <160
Lifestyle changes >160
Drugs >190 |
|
Definition
| managment of low risk LDL group |
|
|
