Term
| What dooes RDW stand for? |
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Definition
| red cell distribution width |
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Term
| Increased number of reticulocytes may affect what other CBC value? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the largest cell normally present in the blood? |
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Definition
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Term
| Reticulocyte count measures the ability of the bone marrow to... |
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Definition
| produce and deliver RBCs to the peripheral blood (effective erythropoiesis) |
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Term
| Why are polychromatophilic erythrocytes purple? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the definition of an acute leukemia? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is responsible for the pallor on the flat edge of a myelocyte? |
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Definition
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Term
| Macrocytic anemia can be due to a deficiency in what nutrients? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are cold agglutinins? |
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Definition
| IgM antibodies that clump RBCs at temps colder than body temp (37 C) |
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Term
| What stain do you use for reticulocytes? |
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Definition
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Term
| What types of agglutination lead to rouleaux versus agglutination? |
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Definition
nonspecific= rouleaux, d/t abnormal or increased plasma proteins
specific= agglutination, d/t IgM antibodies |
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Term
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Definition
| increased plasma proteins like in inflammation/ infection, increased sed rate, multiple myeloma, etc. |
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Term
| What should be the ratio of Hgb to Hct? |
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Definition
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Term
| What interfering substances can throw off the Hbg/hct ratio? |
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Definition
| cold agglutinins and hyperlipidemia |
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Term
| What are the two general causes of increased target cells? |
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Definition
| hemoglobinopathies and liver disease |
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Term
| target cells + decreased MCV = |
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Definition
| thalessemia, iron def. anemia |
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Term
| target cells + increased or normal MCV = |
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Definition
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Term
| What lab tests would you order on a patient with target cells? |
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Definition
| hemoglobin electrophoresis, iron studies, liver function tests |
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Term
| It a patient jsut has spherocytes = |
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Definition
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Term
| spherocytes + schistocytes= |
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Definition
| mechanical hemolytic anemia |
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Term
| What are the physiological effects of having spherocytes? |
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Definition
| spherocytes are less deformable so they plug up capillaries and are removed by spleen and rupture leading to a hemolytic anemia |
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Term
| What leads to spherocyte formation? |
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Definition
| fibrin strands, thermal injury, intrinsic abnormalities, immune hemolysis |
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Term
| Name microangiopathic hemolytic anemias. |
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Definition
DIC, TTP/HUS, burns
Prosthetic heart valves can do the same thing |
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Term
| What lab tests would you order to diagnose/confirm hemolysis? |
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Definition
| reticulocyte count, LDH, total bilitrubin with indirect bilirubin, haptoglobin, direct coombs test(direct antiglobulin test) |
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Term
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Definition
| binds free hemoglobin. will be decreased in hemolytic anemia where excess hemoglobin with haptoglobin have been removed from blood. Also an acute phase reactant |
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Term
| What is a direct coombs test? |
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Definition
| detects antibodies attached to RBCs (direct antiglobulin) |
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Term
| What RBC inclusion is comonly single, round, and varying in size? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What causes basophilic stippling? |
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Definition
| lead poisoning, and anemia |
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Term
| What RBC inclusion looks like numerous evenly distributed granules? |
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Definition
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Term
| What RBC inclusion is frequently multiple, forming clusters? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is refractory anemia? |
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Definition
| anemia that doesn't respond to nutritional supplements |
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Term
| What is a ringed sideroblast? |
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Definition
| RBC with nucleus and pappenheimer bodies in a circle around the nucleus |
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Term
| Besides reticulocytes, supravital stains can also be used to identify.. |
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Definition
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Term
| What causes heinz bodies? |
|
Definition
| G6PD deficiency, oxidative drug stress, unstable HGBs |
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Term
| Teardrop cells are due to... |
|
Definition
| RBCs attempts to squeeze thru distorted intermedullary vasculature of spleen and bone marrow. ex. myelofibrosis |
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Term
|
Definition
| decreased RBC, WBC and platelets |
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Term
| What's the difference between heinz bodies and reticulocytes? |
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Definition
| heinz is pathologic and due to precipitated hemoglobin; reticulocytes are physiologic and d/t precipitated RNA that is filamentous and threadlike |
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Term
|
Definition
| myelodysplastic syndromes and anemias |
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