Term
MRSA
-what confers resistance
-% of pop that are carriers? |
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Definition
-altered penicillin binding protein
-20% |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Staph aureus vs epi idenitifiaction |
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Definition
Aureus = coagulase POSITIVE
Epi = coag negative |
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Term
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Definition
| Group A, Beta-hemoytic strep |
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Term
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Definition
| cell wall binding protein |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Clostridium (anaerobic)
Corynebacterium |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
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Definition
H pylori
Bacteroides
E coli
Enterobacter
Proteus mirabilis
Kleb pneumo
Serratia
Pseudomonas
Acinetobacter
Stentotrophomonas
Burkholderia |
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Term
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Definition
@ gut overall (and MC anaerobe in gut)
@ anaerobic peritoneal infxns (abscess) |
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Term
| Major anaerobic gm -ve rod? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
MC GNR in gut
MC org @ UTIs, biliary infxs, pyogenic liver abscess |
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Term
Proteus mirabilis
-MC Org @.. |
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Definition
| MC org in struvite kidney stones |
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Term
| What enzyme does proteus mirabilis make? |
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Definition
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Term
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
-MC org @.. |
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Definition
1. lung infxn w/CF
2. burn wounds
3. indwelling cath colonization |
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Term
| best acinetobacter baumanii tx? |
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Definition
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Term
| clinical sig of burholderia cepacia |
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Definition
Resistant org @ CF pts
-colonization can be contraindication to TXP at some centers |
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Term
| Bacterial concentration @ each part of GI system |
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Definition
Stomach ~ sterile (GPCs, yeast)
Prox SB = 10^5 (GPCs)
Distal SB = 10^7
Colon = 10^11 (99% anaerobes) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| mediator of gram neg sepsis? |
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Definition
Lipopolysaccharide (lipid A endotoxin) of cell wall
* = most potent TNF-alpha stimulator* |
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Term
| nosocomial infxn time frame |
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Definition
| > 48 hrs after admission OR up to 30 d after d/c |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| SSI incidence based on wound class? |
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Definition
Clean = 2%
Clean contam = 4%
Contam = 8%
Gross contam = 30% |
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Term
|
Definition
staph aureus overall
(MC GNR = E coli)
(MC anaerobe = bacteroides) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| MC infectious death @ surgical pt |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-large bowel leak
-virulent organism
a. Gas gang (clostridium)
b. Nec fasc (strep pyog> staph aureus) |
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Term
| negative effects of hypothermia? |
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Definition
inf infxn
poor coagulation
dec CO |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
MC overall = staph aureus
MC MDR = pseudomonas (GNR)
GNR = MC class overall |
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Term
| MC location of comm acquired PNA? |
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Definition
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Term
| Top 4 org @ line infections |
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Definition
1. staph epi
2. s. aurues
3. enterococcus
4. yeast |
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Term
| catheter site and risk of infxn |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Type 1 = polymicro
Type 2 = mono-micro
a. Strep pyog (MC)
(Grp A B-hemolytic)
b. MRSA
*both have exotoxins* |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
c diff
what mediates infxn? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Stool ELISA for toxin A or B
Stool cytotoxin assay (toxin B) = gold, but takes longer |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
PO vanc
(no systemic absoprtion) |
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Term
| MC fungal org @ invasive Dz/fungemia |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| classic aspergillosis pres |
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Definition
| Febrile neutropenic pt w/ new lung nodules |
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Term
|
Definition
DM pt in DKA
Neutropenic
(Tx ampho /- surg) |
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Term
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Definition
pulmonary sxs
Mississippi/Ohio river |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
CNS sx
-meningitis
-a/w AIDS |
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Term
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Definition
actinomyces
-pulm sxs
-tortuous abscesses @ neck/chest/abd |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
3rd gen ceph
IV albumin (1.5 gm/kg @ dx + 1 gm/kg @ day 3) |
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Term
| MC org @ peritoneal dialysis cath infxn |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
Vanc + gent
-IV and intra-peritoneal |
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Term
|
Definition
1.Bone = best
-BCx only 10% +ve
2. MRI shows changes earlier (xray = late)
3. Tagged WBC scan
(highest sensitivity but low spec) |
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Term
Tetanus prophy regimen
when to give both? |
|
Definition
Contaminated wound
Unknown or < 3 previous vaccines given
*Give Td + TIG* |
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Term
Tetanus prophy
when to give only one of two options? |
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Definition
Clean/minor wounds
unknown or < 3 previous vaccines given
*GIVE TD ONLY* (tetanus toxoid) |
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Term
|
Definition
retrograde travel thru nerves to CNS
-->block inhibitory GABA release = spasm |
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Term
|
Definition
HEP B = DNA
-the rest = RNA |
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Term
| % chronic hep B infections? |
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Definition
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Term
| labs w/hep B vaccination? |
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Definition
have only anti-HB-s Antibodies
(no Ab to core or envelope) |
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Term
|
Definition
fulminant = rare
Chronic = 60%
Cirrhosis = 15%
HCC = 5% |
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Term
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Definition
co-factor for Hep B
*no infxn w/out HepB |
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Term
| what hepatitis type has highest mortality? |
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Definition
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Term
| MC timing for fulminant hep E |
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Definition
3rd trimester preg
-high mortality w/preg only (20%) |
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Term
| chance of HIV contraction w/needle stick from +ve pt? |
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Definition
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Term
| HIV basic testing concept |
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Definition
ELISA to look for Ab
Western Blot to look for virus |
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Term
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Definition
HAART = >3 drugs in >2 classes
1. Nucleoside reve-tr inhibs
2. Non-nuc rev-tr inhibs
3. Portease inhibitors |
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Term
| HIV post-exposure prophy regimen |
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Definition
-start HAART immediately x 4 weeks
-ELISA @ exposure + 4 weeks |
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Term
HIV
-MC infxn requiring laparotomy |
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Definition
CMV colitis
-bleeding/perf ulcers |
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| MCC rectal ulcer with HIV |
|
Definition
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|
Term
Lymphogranuloma venerum
-pres |
|
Definition
Rectal ulcers w/adenopathy 2/2 chlamydia
-tx tetracycline |
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Term
| MC focal brain lesion w/HIV |
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Definition
|
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Term
| MC HIV assoc malig requiring laparotomy |
|
Definition
lymphoma
*MC a solid organ lymphoma-->Stomach #1, rectum #2*
Tx CHOP R +- XRT |
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Term
|
Definition
Kaposi sarcoma
-tx w/ HAART + local XRT |
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Term
HIV
-MC location / cause for GI bleed? |
|
Definition
Lower > uppper
-lower = Kaposi MC,
then lymphoma
-upper = CMV |
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Term
|
Definition
nrml = 800-1200
< 200 = opportunistic infxn |
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Term
|
Definition
oral dapsone (avoid early surg)
WTD TID |
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Term
|
Definition
closed fist injury
MC org = s pyogenes |
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Term
| bug found only in human bites? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pasteurella multocida
-augmentin |
|
|
Term
nosocomial PNA
-MC ORG vs MC class? |
|
Definition
GNR = MC class
S. aureus = MC organism |
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