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004 Inflammation and Healing
Vocab for inflammation and healing
49
Nursing
Undergraduate 1
05/19/2013

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Term
Abscess
Definition
Localized pocket of pus in solid tissueac
Term
Acute phase reactants
Definition
Serum proteins that can be eithe ranit- or pro-inflammatory
Term
Adhesions
Definition
A fibrous band or structure by which parts abnormally adhere
Term
Angiogenesis
Definition
The growth or proliferation of blood vessels
Term
Anorexia
Definition
Loss of appetite resulting in weight loss
Term
Basophils
Definition
White blood cells involved in the inflammatory response, usually associated with an allergic reaction
Term
Bradykinin
Definition
Chemical mediator released during inflammation that stimulates pain receptors and causes vasodilation
Term
Burn
Definition
A generic term for a type of skin injury caused by thermal (heat) or nonthermal (electrical or chemical) injury to the body
Term
Chemical mediators
Definition
Neurotransmitters responsible for actions such as vasodilation in the inflammatory response (e.g., bradykinin, histamine)
Term
Chemotaxis
Definition
Movement toward or away from a chemical stimulus
Term
Contracture
Definition
A tightening of muscle, tendons, ligaments, or skin that prevents normal movement and can cause deformities in bones, limbs, or joints
Term
Diapedesis
Definition
Movement of phagocytic cells out of the capillaries and into the interstitial space
Term
Edema
Definition
Swelling caused by movement of protein and fluid into the interstitial space
Term
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate
Definition
Rate at which red blood cells settle out in blood; an indirect measure of inflammation
Term
Eosinophil
Definition
A white blood cell usually associated with an allergic reaction or parasitic infection
Term
Exudate
Definition
Material that has escaped from blood vessels, such as fluid, cells, or cellular debris, and has been deposited in tissues
Term
Fibroblasts
Definition
Cells capable of producing collagen fibers
Term
First-Degree burn
Definition
Burn that involves only the epidermis
Term
Glucocorticoids
Definition
Natural or synthetic steroid (such as hydrocortisone) used to treat inflammation; can have significant side effects
Term
Granuloma
Definition
A small nodular area of cells and/or debris in inflamed tissue caused by injury
Term
Hematopoiesis
Definition
The formation and development of blood cells
Term
Histamine
Definition
Chemical released by mast cells and basophils; triggers inflammatory response by dilating capillaries and increasing membrane permeability in injured area
Term
Inflammation
Definition
A sequence of events intended to limit the effects of injury or dangerous agent
Term
Interferons
Definition
Nonspecific agents that protect uninfected cells against viruses
Term
Isoenzyme
Definition
An enzyme with a different amino acid sequence but catalyzes the chemical reaction
Term
Leukocytosis
Definition
White blood cells
Term
Macrophage
Definition
A differentiated phagocytic monocyte that has migrated into the tissue
Term
Malaise
Definition
A vague feeling of discomfort
Term
Mast cells
Definition
Cells similar in function to basophils; release histamine in tissue, causing allergic inflammation
Term
Monocytes
Definition
Agranulocytes and large circulating phagocytotic cells that develop into marcophages when leaving the blood vessels
Term
Net Hydrostatic Pressure
Definition
Based on the difference between the hydrostatic pressure within the capillary compared to the hydrostatic pressure within the interstitial fluid
Term
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
Definition
Nonsteroidal drugs that mimic the action of steroids
Term
Opportunistic organisms
Definition
Microorganisms that are not usually pathogenic but may cause an infection under the right conditions
Term
Osmotic pressure
Definition
Pressure created by movement of water from a higher to lower concentration, usually across a membrane, to achieve equilibrium
Term
Osteoporosis
Definition
A common metabolic bone disorder characterized by a decrease in bone mass and density, together with loss of bone matrix and mineralization resulting in brittle and weak bones
Term
Phagocytosis
Definition
Process by which neutrophils and phagocytes randomly engulf and destroy bacteria, cell debris, or foreign matter
Term
Prostaglandins
Definition
Hormone like substances that activate inflammatory response, production of pain and fever
Term
Purulent
Definition
Substance that is thick, yellow-green, and indicative of bacterial infection (pus)
Term
Pyrexia
Definition
Fever
Term
Pyrogens
Definition
Substances released by white blood cells and macrophages in response to microbial invasion that result in increase in body temperature
Term
Regeneration
Definition
Process where cells in damaged tissue undergo mitosis; damaged tissue is replaced by identical tissue
Term
Resolution
Definition
Process where damaged cells recover in cases of minimal tissue damage
Term
Reye's syndrome
Definition
Condition that causes the swelling of liver and brain; often affects children and teens recovering from a viral infection
Term
Second-degree burn
Definition
Burn that involves the epidermis and part of the dermis
Term
Serous
Definition
Watery
Term
Stenosis
Definition
Narrowing of a structure
Term
Suppuration
Definition
The formation or discharge of pus
Term
Third-degree burn
Definition
Burn that involves all layers of the skin and usually underlying tissue
Term
Ulcer
Definition
Open crater-like lesions on skin or mucous membranes
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