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Testing practices for projects using (Blank)methodologies, treating development as the customer of testing and emphasizing a test-first design paradigm.

Testing based on an analysis of the specification of a piece of software without reference to its internal workings. The goal is to test how well the component confirms to the published requirements for the component.

Test which focus on the boundary or limit conditions of the software being tested.

A Fault in a program which causes the program in a unintended or unanticipated manner.

The generation of source code.

Test whether software is compatible with other elements of a system with which it should operate. e.g. browsers, Operating Systems or hardware.

A minimal software item for which a separate specification is available.

A database that contains definitions of all data items defined during analysis.

A modeling notation that represents a functional decomposition of a system.

Testing in which the action of a test case is parameterized by externally defined data values, maintained as a file or spreadsheet

The process of finding and removing the causes of software failures

Nonconformance to requirements or functional / program specification

A document that describes in detail the characteristics of the product with regard to its intended features

Testing the features and operational behavior of a product to ensure they correspond to its specifications.

Testing that ignores the internal mechanism of a system or component and focuses solely on the outputs generated in response to selected inputs and execution conditions.

A group of people whose primary responsibility is software testing

Testing of combined parts of an application to determine if they function together correctly. Usually performed after unit and functional testing. This type of testing is especially relevant to client/server and distributed systems.

Testing conducted to evaluate the compliance of a system or component with specified performance requirements. Often this is performed using an automated test tool to simulate large number of users. Also know as "Load Testing".

The operational techniques and the activities used to fulfill and verify requirements of quality.

That aspect of the overall management function that determines and implements the quality policy.

Retesting a previously tested program following modification to ensure that faults have not been introduced or uncovered as a result of the changes made.

A quick-and-dirty test that the major functions of a piece of software work. Originated in the hardware testing practice of turning on a new piece of hardware for the first time and considering it a success if it does not catch on fire.

A deliverable that describes all data, functional and behavioral requirements, all constraints, and all validation requirements for software.

Testing that attempts to discover defects that are properties of the entire system rather than of its individual components.

is a commonly used term for a specific test. This is usually the smallest unit of testing. will consist of information such as requirements testing, test steps, verification steps, prerequisites, outputs, test environment, etc.

A set of inputs, execution preconditions, and expected outcomes developed for a particular objective, such as to exercise a particular program path or to verify compliance with a specific requirement.

The hardware and software environment in which tests will be run, and any other software with which the software under test interacts when under test including stubs and test drivers.

A document describing the scope, approach, resources, and schedule of intended testing activities. It identifies test items, the features to be tested, the testing tasks, who will do each task, and any risks requiring contingency planning.

A document providing detailed instructions for the execution of one or more test cases.

A document showing the relationship between Test Requirements and Test Cases.

The specification of tests that are conducted from the end-user perspective. Use cases tend to focus on operating software as an end-user would conduct their day-to-day activities.

A formal product evaluation performed by a customer as a condition of purchase.

Testing of individual software components.

The systems that is a conceptual model used in project management that describes the stages involved in an information system development project, from an initial feasibility study through maintenance of the completed application.

It includes the following different stages:

1. Requirement phase
2. Design phase
3. Coding (programming)
4. Testing
5. Release (Production)
6. Maintenance (Support)

It is a document that describes the details of the application functionalities which is required by the user. This document is written by the Business Analysts.

It starts with study and analyzing the requirements:

1. Requirement Study
2. Test Planning
3. Writing Test Cases
4. Review the Test Cases
5. Executing the Test Cases
6. Bug logging and tracking
7. Close or Reopen bugs

is a software component that has a specific task. It can be a ‘link’ which can go inside to its component detail.

stands for Structured Query Language. is an ANSI (American National Standards Institute) standard computer language for accessing and manipulating database systems. statements are used to retrieve and update data in a database. works with database programs like MS Access, DB2, Informix, MS SQL Server, Oracle, Sybase, etc.

-stands for EXtensible Markup Language.
-is a markup language much like HTML.
-was designed to describe data.
-tags are not predefined and we must define our own tags.
-uses a Document Type Definition (DTD) or an Schema to describe data.
-with a DTD or XML Schema is designed to be self-descriptive.
-is a W3C Recommendation.

Review process of a requirement

Actual dynamic testing

1. Unit Testing
2. Integration Testing
3. System Testing
4. UAT

To ensure the system is responsive to user interaction.

To test response time and reliability

Executes a system in a manner that demands resources in abnormal quantity, frequency, or volume.

A system test that forces the software to fail in variety of ways, checks performed

Testing changes to existing changes systems and applications which are already in production. Can be an emergency changes.

(Re-resting) testing is done after a defect is detected and fixed

Refers to testing something that executing. Basically examining and reviewing it.

Techniques used are determined by the types of testing that must be detected.

Mostly focuses on anything related to system and applications such as memory leaks, performance, load, stress and reliability.

Concerned with testing the implementation of the program, focuses on the internal structure of the program.

Is present when ever a program loses track of memory.

determines the defect’s effect on the application

Urgent to fix a fault

offers software quality assurance, including requirements management, test management and business process testing for IT and application environments.

Professional software provides functional and regression test automation for software applications and environments.

A relational database management system (RDBMS) which is part of Microsoft's BackOffice family of servers.

Testing conducted to enable a user/customer to determine whether to accept a software product. Normally performed to validate the software meets a set of agreed acceptance criteria.

Verifying a product is accessible to the people having disabilities (deaf, blind, mentally disabled etc.).

A testing phase where the tester tries to 'break' the system by randomly trying the system's functionality. Can include negative testing as well. See also Monkey Testing.

Testing practice for projects using agile methodologies, treating development as the customer of testing and emphasizing a test-first design paradigm. See also Test Driven Development.

A specification defining requirements for portability of applications in binary forms across different system platforms and environments.

A formalized set of software calls and routines that can be referenced by an application program in order to access supporting system or network services.

The use of software tools, such as automated testing tools, to improve software quality

Testing employing software tools which execute tests without manual intervention. Can be applied in GUI, performance, API, etc. testing. The use of software to control the execution of tests, the comparison of actual outcomes to predicted outcomes, the setting up of test preconditions, and other test control and test reporting functions.

A metalanguage used to formally describe the syntax of a language

A sequence of one or more consecutive, executable statements containing no branches.

A white box test case design technique that uses the algorithmic flow of the program to design tests.

The set of tests derived using basis path testing.

The point at which some deliverable produced during the software engineering process is put under formal change control.

Testing of a rerelease of a software product conducted by customers.

Testing an executable application for portability across system platforms and environments, usually for conformation to an ABI specification.

Testing based on an analysis of the specification of a piece of software without reference to its internal workings. The goal is to test how well the component conforms to the published requirements for the component.

An approach to integration testing where the lowest level components are tested first, then used to facilitate the testing of higher level components. The process is repeated until the component at the top of the hierarchy is tested.

Test which focus on the boundary or limit conditions of the software being tested. (Some of these tests are stress tests).

A fault in a program which causes the program to perform in an unintended or unanticipated manner.

If software misses some feature or function from what is there in requirement it is called as defect.

BVA is similar to Equivalence Partitioning but focuses on "corner cases" or values that are usually out of range as defined by the specification. his means that if a function expects all values in range of negative 100 to positive 1000, test inputs would include negative 101 and positive 1001

Testing in which all branches in the program source code are tested at least once.

A test suite that exercises the full functionality of a product but does not test features in detail.

Computer Aided Software Testing.

A test tool that records test input as it is sent to the software under test. The input cases stored can then be used to reproduce the test at a later time. Most commonly applied to GUI test tools.

The Capability Maturity Model for Software (CMM or SW-CMM) is a model for judging the maturity of the software processes of an organization and for identifying the key practices that are required to increase the maturity of these processes

A graphical representation of inputs and the associated outputs effects which can be used to design test cases.

Phase of development where functionality is implemented in entirety; bug fixes are all that are left. All functions found in the Functional Specifications have been implemented.

An analysis method that determines which parts of the software have been executed (covered) by the test case suite and which parts have not been executed and therefore may require additional attention.

A formal testing technique where the programmer reviews source code with a group who ask questions analyzing the program logic, analyzing the code with respect to a checklist of historically common programming errors, and analyzing its compliance with coding standards.

A formal testing technique where source code is traced by a group with a small set of test cases, while the state of program variables is manually monitored, to analyze the programmer's logic and assumptions.

The generation of source code.

Testing whether software is compatible with other elements of a system with which it should operate, e.g. browsers, Operating Systems, or hardware.

A minimal software item for which a separate specification is available.

Testing of individual software components (Unit Testing).

Multi-user testing geared towards determining the effects of accessing the same application code, module or database records. Identifies and measures the level of locking, deadlocking and use of single-threaded code and locking semaphores.

The process of testing that an implementation conforms to the specification on which it is based. Usually applied to testing conformance to a formal standard.

The context-driven school of software testing is flavor of Agile Testing that advocates continuous and creative evaluation of testing opportunities in light of the potential information revealed and the value of that information to the organization right now.

Testing of programs or procedures used to convert data from existing systems for use in replacement systems.

A measure of the logical complexity of an algorithm, used in white-box testing.

A database that contains definitions of all data items defined during analysis.

A modeling notation that represents a functional decomposition of a system.

Testing in which the action of a test case is parameterized by externally defined data values, maintained as a file or spreadsheet. A common technique in Automated Testing.

The process of finding and removing the causes of software failures.

Nonconformance to requirements or functional / program specification

Examines an application's requirements for pre-existing software, initial states and configuration in order to maintain proper functionality.

A test that exercises a feature of a product in full detail.

Testing software through executing it. See also Static Testing.

A device, computer program, or system that accepts the same inputs and produces the same outputs as a given system.

Checks for memory leaks or other problems that may occur with prolonged execution.

Testing a complete application environment in a situation that mimics real-world use, such as interacting with a database, using network communications, or interacting with other hardware, applications, or systems if appropriate.

A portion of a component's input or output domains for which the component's behaviour is assumed to be the same from the component's specification.

A test case design technique for a component in which test cases are designed to execute representatives from equivalence classes.

Testing which covers all combinations of input values and preconditions for an element of the software under test.

A technique used during planning, analysis and design; creates a functional hierarchy for the software.

A document that describes in detail the characteristics of the product with regard to its intended features.

Testing the features and operational behavior of a product to ensure they correspond to its specifications. Testing that ignores the internal mechanism of a system or component and focuses solely on the outputs generated in response to selected inputs and execution conditions. or Black Box Testing.

A synonym for White Box Testing.

Testing one particular module, functionality heavily.

A combination of Black Box and White Box testing methodologies? testing a piece of software against its specification but using some knowledge of its internal workings.

Black-box tests conducted once the software has been integrated.

A group of people whose primary responsibility is software testing,

A group review quality improvement process for written material. It consists of two aspects; product (document itself) improvement and process improvement (of both document production and inspection).

Confirms that the application under test recovers from expected or unexpected events without loss of data or functionality. Events can include shortage of disk space, unexpected loss of communication, or power out conditions.

This term refers to making software specifically designed for a specific locality.

A white box testing technique that exercises program loops

A standard of measurement. Software metrics are the statistics describing the structure or content of a program. A metric should be a real objective measurement of something such as number of bugs per lines of code.

Testing a system or an Application on the fly, i.e just few tests here and there to ensure the system or an application does not crash out.

Testing aimed at showing software does not work. Also known as "test to fail". See also Positive Testing.

Testing in which all paths in the program source code are tested at least once

Testing aimed at showing software works. Also known as "test to pass". See also Negative Testing.

All those planned or systematic actions necessary to provide adequate confidence that a product or service is of the type and quality needed and expected by the customer.

A systematic and independent examination to determine whether quality activities and related results comply with planned arrangements and whether these arrangements are implemented effectively and are suitable to achieve objectives.

A group of individuals with related interests that meet at regular intervals to consider problems or other matters related to the quality of outputs of a process and to the correction of problems or to the improvement of quality.

The operational techniques and the activities used to fulfill and verify requirements of quality.

That aspect of the overall management function that determines and implements the quality policy.

The overall intentions and direction of an organization as regards quality as formally expressed by top management.

The organizational structure, responsibilities, procedures, processes, and resources for implementing quality management.

A cause of concurrency problems. Multiple accesses to a shared resource, at least one of which is a write, with no mechanism used by either to moderate simultaneous access.

Continuously raising an input signal until the system breaks down.

Confirms that the program recovers from expected or unexpected events without loss of data or functionality. Events can include shortage of disk space, unexpected loss of communication, or power out conditions.

Retesting a previously tested program following modification to ensure that faults have not been introduced or uncovered as a result of the changes made.

A pre-release version, which contains the desired functionality of the final version, but which needs to be tested for bugs (which ideally should be removed before the final version is released).

Brief test of major functional elements of a piece of software to determine if its basically operational. See also Smoke Testing.

Performance testing focused on ensuring the application under test gracefully handles increases in work load.

Testing which confirms that the program can restrict access to authorized personnel and that the authorized personnel can access the functions available to their security level.

Running a system at high load for a prolonged period of time. For example, running several times more transactions in an entire day (or night) than would be expected in a busy day, to identify and performance problems that appear after a large number of transactions have been executed.

A deliverable that describes all data, functional and behavioral requirements, all constraints, and all validation requirements for software/

A set of activities conducted with the intent of finding errors in software.

Analysis of a program carried out without executing the program. A tool that carries out static analysis.

A tool that carries out static analysis.

Analysis of a program carried out without executing the program.

Testing that verifies the program under test stores data files in the correct directories and that it reserves sufficient space to prevent unexpected termination resulting from lack of space. This is external storage as opposed to internal storage.

Testing conducted to evaluate a system or component at or beyond the limits of its specified requirements to determine the load under which it fails and how. Often this is performance testing using a very high level of simulated load.

Testing based on an analysis of internal workings and structure of a piece of software. See also White Box Testing.

Testing that attempts to discover defects that are properties of the entire system rather than of its individual components.

The degree to which a system or component facilitates the establishment of test criteria and the performance of tests to determine whether those criteria have been met.

The process of exercising software to verify that it satisfies specified requirements and to detect errors. The process of analyzing a software item to detect the differences between existing and required conditions (that is, bugs), and to evaluate the features of the software item (Ref. IEEE Std 829). The process of operating a system or component under specified conditions, observing or recording the results, and making an evaluation of some aspect of the system or component. What is Test Automation? It is the same as Automated Testing.

An execution environment configured for testing. May consist of specific hardware, OS, network topology, configuration of the product under test, other application or system software, etc. The Test Plan for a project should enumerated the test beds(s) to be used.

Test Case is a commonly used term for a specific test. This is usually the smallest unit of testing. A Test Case will consist of information such as requirements testing, test steps, verification steps, prerequisites, outputs, test environment, etc. A set of inputs, execution preconditions, and expected outcomes developed for a particular objective, such as to exercise a particular program path or to verify compliance with a specific requirement. Test Driven Development? Testing methodology associated with Agile Programming in which every chunk of code is covered by unit tests, which must all pass all the time, in an effort to eliminate unit-level and regression bugs during development. Practitioners of TDD write a lot of tests, i.e. an equal number of lines of test code to the size of the production code.

A program or test tool used to execute a tests. Also known as a Test Harness

The hardware and software environment in which tests will be run, and any other software with which the software under test interacts when under test including stubs and test drivers.

Test-first design is one of the mandatory practices of Extreme Programming (XP).It requires that programmers do not write any production code until they have first written a unit test.

A program or test tool used to execute a tests. Also known as a Test Driver.

A document providing detailed instructions for the execution of one or more test cases

Commonly used to refer to the instructions for a particular test that will be carried out by an automated test tool.

A document specifying the test approach for a software feature or combination or features and the inputs, predicted results and execution conditions for the associated tests.

A collection of tests used to validate the behavior of a product. The scope of a Test Suite varies from organization to organization. There may be several Test Suites for a particular product for example. In most cases however a Test Suite is a high level concept, grouping together hundreds or thousands of tests related by what they are intended to test.

Computer programs used in the testing of a system, a component of the system, or its documentation.

A variation of top-down testing where the progressive integration of components follows the implementation of subsets of the requirements, as opposed to the integration of components by successively lower levels.

An approach to integration testing where the component at the top of the component hierarchy is tested first, with lower level components being simulated by stubs. Tested components are then used to test lower level components. The process is repeated until the lowest level components have been tested.

A company commitment to develop a process that achieves high quality product and customer satisfaction.

A document showing the relationship between Test Requirements and Test Cases.

Testing the ease with which users can learn and use a product.

The specification of tests that are conducted from the end-user perspective. Use cases tend to focus on operating software as an end-user would conduct their day-to-day activities

Testing of individual software components.

The process of evaluating software at the end of the software development process to ensure compliance with software requirements. The techniques for validation is testing, inspection and reviewing.

The process of determining whether of not the products of a given phase of the software development cycle meet the implementation steps and can be traced to the incoming objectives established during the previous phase. The techniques for verification are testing, inspection and reviewing.

Testing based on an analysis of internal workings and structure of a piece of software. Includes techniques such as Branch Testing and Path Testing. Also known as Structural Testing and Glass Box Testing. Contrast with Black Box Testing.

White box testing is used to test the internal logic of the code.for ex checking whether the path has been executed once, checking whether the branches has been executed at least once .....Used to check the structure of the code.

Scripted end-to-end testing which duplicates specific workflows which are expected to be utilized by the end-user.