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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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| Normally ______ mL of air is inhaled or exhaled |
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Definition
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| the respiratory system is located in the |
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Definition
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| types of breathing patterns |
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Definition
| apnea, dyspnea, orthopnea, tachpnea, bradypnea, cheyne-stoke, kussmaul's, biot's |
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Term
| assesment of cough involves assessing: |
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Definition
| onset duration, frequency, type, secerity and related symptoms |
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| when assessing dyspnea assess: |
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Definition
| onset, duration, severity, preciptating events |
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Term
| when assessing pain assess: |
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Definition
| location, severity, onset, duration, preciptating events |
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Term
| the PQRST pain assessment |
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Definition
| poin/provoking factors, quality, rating, radiation, severity, s/sx, timing/onset |
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Term
| In review of systems assess for |
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Definition
| fatigue, weakness, fever, chills, night sweats, earaches, nasal obstructions, sinus pain, sore throat, hoarseness, edema, dyspnea, and orthopnea |
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Term
| High pitched sound caused by air passing through narrow passageways |
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Definition
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| Dry rattling sounds d/t partial bronchial obstruction. |
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Definition
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| crackles or rales can be: |
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Definition
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| Grating/scratching noise like creaking shoes or rubbing leather together |
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Definition
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| high-pitched, musical breathing sound d/t a blockage in the larynx |
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Definition
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Definition
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| crackles/rales can be heard with |
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Definition
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| pleural friction rub can be heard with |
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Definition
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| stridor can be heard with |
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Definition
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| one of the most frequently used methods for respiratory screening and diagnosis. |
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Definition
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Definition
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| Fluoroscopy is often used to observe |
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Definition
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| Measures the ventilatory function of the lungs |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| volume of air that the lungs can hold, rate of flow of air in and out the lungs, and the compliance (elasticity) of lung tissue. |
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Term
| spirometry enables detection of impaired: |
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Definition
| PF, classifies the impairment, estimates the severity, monitors the cause, evaluates tx, information for planning tx, and preop assessment. |
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Term
| Measures ventilation and diffusion by testing for concentration of O2 and CO2 in the arterial blood to determine whether the exchange is adequate across the alveolar membrane. |
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Definition
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| A non- invasive measurement of arterial O2 concentration. |
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Definition
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Term
| in pulse oximetry a beam of light passes through the _____, amt of light absorbed by _____ is measured |
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Definition
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Term
| normal value of pulse oximetry |
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Definition
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| notify supervisory or md if o2 is < |
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Definition
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Term
| Thick, foul smelling, yellow green or rust colored aputum may indicate |
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Definition
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| Thick sputum with bld streaked may indicate |
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Definition
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Definition
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| determine the presence of bacteria, identifies the organism & appropriate antimicrobials. |
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Definition
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| determines acid- fast bacilli |
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Definition
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| determines the presence of lung Ca or infectious conditions |
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Definition
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Term
| A flexible fiberoptic scope placed through the nose or mouth into the bronchial tree after local anesthesia of the patient’s throat. |
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Definition
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Term
| Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy allows direct visualization of the bronchial tree for |
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Definition
| assessment, dx, or removal of foreign bodies, or biopsy |
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Term
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Definition
Chest percussion and vibration
Postural drainage |
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Term
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Definition
Deep breathing and coughing exercises
Pursed-lip breathing
Sustained maximal inspiration |
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Term
| MD inserts a large-bore needle through the chest wall into the pleural space (usually at the bedside). |
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Definition
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Term
| for a thoracentesis the pt sits on side of bed and leans the _____ over the bedside table resting arms on _____ |
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Definition
| upper torso, folded arms or pillow |
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Term
| thoracentesis removes _______ or is used to _______ |
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Definition
| pleaural flui, blood or air. instill med, obtain flood for dx of cancer or infection |
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Term
| nursing care after throrcentesis |
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Definition
| steril dressing, position on unaffected side, prepare for chest xray, report uneven respirations |
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Term
| performed to aid in lung expansion and expectoration of respiratory secretions |
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Definition
| Deep breathing and coughing exercises |
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Term
| inhibit airway collapse and decreases dyspnea in COPD |
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Definition
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Term
| ensures deep inspiration for max. expansion and aeration. Ex: incentive spirometer |
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Definition
| Sustained Maximal Inspiration |
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Term
| Mechanical techniques used to facilitate the mobilization and expectoration of secretions in patients with large mucus-producing or chronic mucus-retaining resp disorders like cystic fibrosis. |
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Definition
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Term
| facilitate the movement of resp secretions so sputum can be expectorated |
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Definition
| Chest percussion and Vibration- |
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| clapping of the cupped palms against the chest wall to dislodge and mobilize the secretions |
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Definition
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| one hand over the other creating a shaking movement. |
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Definition
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Term
| technique of positioning pt to facilitate gravitational movement of resp secretions toward the bronchi and trachea for expectoration |
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Definition
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Term
| when doing chest physiotherapy drain the ______ first then the ______ of the lower lobes last |
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Definition
| posterior segments, lower lobes |
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Term
| when doing postural drainage do not |
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Definition
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| when doing postural drainage maintain each positionfor |
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Definition
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| D/C chest physiotherapy procedure and notify md if |
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Definition
| HR over 120, dysrhythmias, HTN, hypotension, dizziness, hypoxia |
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Term
| Prevents secretions from becoming thickened and dried out which would increase infection and decrease ability to cough up. |
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Definition
| Humidification and Aerosol Therapy |
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Term
| Humidifiers create water vapor to raise the relative humidity of inspired gas to |
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Definition
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Term
| liquefies and mobilizes respiratory secretions and delivers medicaiton |
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Definition
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Term
| give aerosol therapy before |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Oral airway
Nasal airway
Endotracheal tube
Tracheostomy |
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| o2 should be treated as a |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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| most commoly used o2 device |
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Definition
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Term
| NC is designed ot deliver a low flow of |
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Definition
| O2 @ 1 – 6 L/min with a FiO2 of 24 – 40% |
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Term
| o2 therapy may be dry esp with |
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Definition
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Term
| Intermittent Positive Pressure Breathing is used to |
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Definition
| achieve maximal lung expansion |
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Term
| Delivers humidified gas with positive pressure which forces air into the lung with inhalation and allows passive exhalation |
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Definition
| Intermittent Positive Pressure Breathing |
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Term
| Intermittent Positive Pressure Breathing promotes: |
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Definition
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Term
| Intermittent Positive Pressure Breathing used only with pt with |
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Definition
| atelectasis, decreased lung compliance with kyphosclorosis, and cardiogenic pulmonary edema. |
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Term
| Intermittent Positive Pressure Breathing risk: |
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Definition
| tension pnemonthorax and resp. alkalosis due to hyperventilation. |
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Term
| mechanical ventilation is most commly required for pt with inadequate |
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Definition
| ventilation and hypoxemia |
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Term
| Three types of positive-pressure ventilators: |
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Definition
| Volume cycled, pressure cycled, and time cycled. |
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Term
| goal of suction is to improve ________ by removing excessive _______ with a suction catheter |
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Definition
| o2 and co2, mucous secretions |
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Term
| tracheal suction needs to be |
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Definition
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Term
| chest tube is inserted to drain _____ from the ______ space of the lungs |
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Definition
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Term
| chest tube permits reexpansion of a collapsed lung from a |
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Definition
| hemothorax, pneumothorax or pleural effusion |
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Term
| – removal of one lobe of a lung |
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Definition
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Term
| – removal of an entire lung |
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Definition
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Term
| – the removal of a small, triangular section of lung tissue. |
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Definition
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Term
| – the extensive dissection and removal of a section of the lung |
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Definition
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Term
| Potential complications of video thoracoscopy |
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Definition
| atelectasis, pneumonia, air leaks, and injury to thoracic organs. |
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Term
| decongestants are _____ agents and mimic _____-- |
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Definition
| adrenergic, epinephrine/norepinephrine |
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Term
| cause constriction of nasal bld vessels and reduce swelling of mucus membranes |
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Definition
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Term
| suppress the cough reflex |
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Definition
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Term
| antissives are not always desired because coughing removes |
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Definition
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Term
| antitussives are used when cough is |
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Definition
| nonproductive, creates pain, interferes with sleep, or impairs wound healing |
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Term
| block the effect of histamine and dry up secretions |
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Definition
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Term
| thin resp secretions os they are more readily mobilized and cleared form airways |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| bacteria, viruses or fungi |
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Term
| relax smooth muscles in the bronchial airways and bld vessels |
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Definition
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Term
| the primary drawback of bronchodilators is the tendency to cause ________ stimulation |
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Definition
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Term
| bronchodilators begin to act _____ and are used in |
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Definition
| immediately, acute attacks |
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Term
| Anti-inflammatory drugs that may be administered parentally, orally, & inhalation. |
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Definition
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Term
| systemic effects of corticosteroids |
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Definition
| electrolyte imbalances, hyperglycemia, hypertension, osteoporosis, weight gain, decreased resistance to infection, muscle wasting |
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Term
| Used to prevent acute asthma attacks, not useful in stopping attack |
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Definition
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Term
| Inhibit leukotrienes are useful in tx of asthma because the inhibit the allergic response |
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Definition
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Term
| Leukotriene Inhibitors prevent attacks but do not _____ them |
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Definition
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Term
| Dissolve bld clots in lungs |
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Definition
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Term
| CORTICOSTEROIDS side effects (acronym) |
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Definition
| cushing syndrome, osteoporosis, retardation of growth, thinning of skin, immunosuppression, cataracts and glaucoma, oedema, suppression of hypothalamic pituitary axis, teratogenic, emotional disturbances, htn, increased body hair, dm, striae |
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