consists of an organized chemical system, including many specialized molecules surrounded by a membrane. It is the lowest level of biological organization that can survive and reproduce as long as it has access to a usable energy source, the necessary raw materials, and appropriate environmental conditions
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characteristics that depend on the level of organization of matter, but do not exist at lower levels of organization. Ex- life
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single cell organisms such as bacteria and protozoans
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many plants and animals, their cells live in tightly coordinated groups and are so interdependent that they cant survive on their own
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group of unicellular or multicellular organisms of the same kind that live together in the same place. Have emergent properties that don't exist at lower levels of organization
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all populations of different organisms that live in the same place.
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group of communites interacting with their shared physical environment.
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the most fundamental and important molecule that distinguishes living systems from nonliving matter. Large, double stranded helical molecule that contains instructions for assembling a libing organism from simpler molecules
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all regions of earths crust, waters, and atmosphere that sustain life.
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molecular building blocks are arranged differently in each of these organisms, producing difference in their appearence and function
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information in DNA is copies into molecules of RNA, which direct the production of different protein molecules
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proteins carry our most of the activities of life, including the sunthesis of all other biological molecules
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descries the ability of a cell or organism to extract energy from its surroundings and use that energy to maintain itself, grow, and reproduce
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process in which electromagnetic energy in sunlight is absorbed and converted into chemical energy. uses sunlight to build sugar molecules form carbon dioxide and water, releasing oxygen as a by product of the reaction
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uses oxygen to break down sugar molecules, releheasing their chemical energy and making it available for other metabolic processes.
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are the primary producers of the food on which all other organisms rely
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animals that directly or indirectly feed on complex molecules manufactured by plants
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feed on the remains of dead organisms, breaking down complex biological molecules into simpler raw materials, which may then be recycled by the producers. Ex-bacteria and fungi
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some energy that photosynthetic organisms trap from sunlight flows within and between populations, communities, and ecosystems. Biological processes arent 100% efficient, so some energy is lost as heat
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cycle between living organisms and nonlibing components of the biosphere, to be used again and again
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molecules or larger structures located on individual cells and body surfaces that are able to detect changes in external and internal conditions. When stimulated, they trigger reactions that produce a compensating response
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a steady internal condition maintained by responses that compensate for changes in the external environment. all organisms have mechanisms to maintain homeostasis in relation to temperature, blood chemistry, etc
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the process in whcih parents produce offspring
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transmission of DNA from on generation to the next
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a series of programed changes encoded in DNA through which a fertilized egg divides into many cells that ultimately are transformed into an adult, which is itself capable of reproduction
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the sequential stages through which individuals develop, grow, maintain themselves, and reproduce
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populations of all organisms change from one generation to the next bc some individuals experience changes in their DNA and they pass those modified instructions along to their offspring
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1-all populations change through time
2-all organisms are related through a shared ancestry
3-evolution has produced the spectacular diversity we have now
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the and selection of traits wanted in a species
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natural process of the passage of traits
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a group of populations in which the individuals are so closely related in structure, biochemsitry, and behavior that they can interbreed
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group of similar species that share common ancestry
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exhibit a relatively simple organization of DNA and cell structures, no nucleus, bacteria and archae are prokaryotes
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dna enclosed in a nucleus, specialized internal compartments (organelles) hold structures as well
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live as producers or decomposers. have some structural molecules and mechanisms of photosynthesis that are unique and found only in this domain
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live as producers or decomposers. inhabit extreme environments, distinguished by some structural molecules and by a primitive form of photosynthesis that are unique to their domain
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diverse group of single and multi-cellular eukaryotic species.
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multicellular organisms, carry ut photosynthesis, producers
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varied groups of unicellular and multicellular species,most are decomposers that break down and absorb molecules from dead organisms;
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multicellular organisms that live as consumers by ingesting organisms in all 3 domans. motility is a key function
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search for explanatiins about natural phenomena to satify their own curiostiy and to advance our collective knowledge of living systems
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research for the goal of solving a specific problem
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