Term
| Scientific name for listening to the heart |
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Definition
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Term
| the first heart sound is cause by? |
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Definition
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Term
| the first heart sounds occurs at? |
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Definition
| the beginning of ventricular systole |
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Term
| the second heart sound is caused by? |
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Definition
| closing of the semilunar valves |
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Term
| the second heart sound occurs at? |
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Definition
| the beginning of ventricular diastole |
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Term
| abnormal hearts sounds are? |
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Definition
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Term
| the first heart sound is associated with which ECG wave? |
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Definition
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Term
| the second heart sound is associated with which ECG wave? |
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Definition
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Term
| what are some causes of a heart murmur |
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Definition
persistant foramen ovale
irregular AV valve
stenotic blood vessels
septal defect |
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Term
| what is the pacemaker of the heart |
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Definition
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Term
| what happens at the P wave |
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Definition
| depolarization of the atria |
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Term
| what happens at the QRS complex |
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Definition
| depolarization of the ventricles |
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Term
| what happens at the t wave |
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Definition
| depolarization of the ventricles |
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Term
| what are synapses between myocardial cells called? |
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Definition
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Term
| abnormally slow heart rate is called? |
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Definition
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Term
| abnormally fast heart rate is called |
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Definition
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Term
| 1st degree AV block is characterized by? |
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Definition
| abnormally long P-R interval |
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Term
| which ECG wave must occur before the ventricles can contract? |
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Definition
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Term
| which ECG wave must occur before the ventricles can relax? |
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Definition
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Term
| what property makes the normal pacemaker of the heart function as the pacemaker? |
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Definition
| the specialized cells in the SA node, these cells depolarize more rapidly than other cardiac muscle fibers and the depolarization is based on the rhythm of those cells |
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Term
| atrial flutter is characterized by? |
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Definition
| a sawtooth base line. rapid atrial waves (300/min) |
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Term
| atrial fibrillation is characterized by? |
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Definition
| depolarized waves are disorganized. P waves disappear and a wavy baseline is seen. |
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Term
| 2nd degree AV block is characterized by? |
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Definition
| dropped beats. P waves that are not followed by a QRS complex |
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Term
| 3rd degree AV block is characterized by? |
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Definition
| no correlation between P waves and QRS complex, abnormally shaped QRS complexes a slower heart rate and different rates of P waves vs QRS complexes. |
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Term
| Premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) are characterized by? |
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Definition
| extra QRS complexes. QRS complex is wide and deformed. |
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Term
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Definition
| a hormone that stimulates the bone marrow to produce red blood cells |
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Term
| where is erythroportein secreted from? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| hat pigment causes jaundice |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| few than normal red blood cells |
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Term
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Definition
| more than normal red blood cells |
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Term
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Definition
| the process by which white cells leave the blood to enter the tissue |
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Term
| what do plasma cells develop from? |
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Definition
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Term
| what do activated B cells produce? |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the two types of a granulocytes |
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Definition
| lymphocytes and monocytes |
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Term
| what is the normal hematocrit level? |
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Definition
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Term
| who is the universal donor |
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Definition
| O neg, there are no antibodies on the cells surface to cause agglutination |
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Term
| who is the universal recipient |
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Definition
| AB+, they have both A and B antigens on the blood cells surface but they don't have any antibodies against either A or B |
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Term
| where does loading of red blood cells occur |
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Definition
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Term
| where does unloading of red blood cells occur |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the first sound of Korotkoff |
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Definition
| when the pressure in the cuff pressure equals systolic pressure |
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Term
| what is the last sound of korotkoff? |
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Definition
| occurs when the pressure in the cuff equals diastolic pressure |
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Term
| if a persons BP is 172/108 what are the numbers |
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Definition
172 is the systolic pressure
108 is the diastolic pressure |
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Term
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Definition
| consistently high blood pressure |
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Term
| which two factors contribute to arterial blood pressure |
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Definition
| cardiac out put and total peripheral resistance |
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Term
| what device is used to measure blood pressure? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| how does body position affect BP |
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Definition
| blood pressure can be adjusted by constriction and gravity. |
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Term
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Definition
| the difference between systolic and diastolic pressures |
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Term
| what is mean arterial pressure |
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Definition
| the diastolic pressure plus one third of the pulse pressure |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a motor response that utilizes a relatively small number of neurons and synapses |
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Term
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Definition
| the pathway from receptor to effector |
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Term
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Definition
| reflex causes skeletal muscle contraction |
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Term
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Definition
| reflex causes a response in cardiac or smooth muscle or glands |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| carries action potential if sensory stimulus is strong enough |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| carries the action potential from the CNS |
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Term
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Definition
| performs the response required by the CNS |
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Term
| what nerve does the knee jerk test? |
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Definition
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Term
| what nerve does the ankle jerk test |
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Definition
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Term
| what nerve does the biceps jerk test |
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Definition
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Term
| what nerve does the triceps jerk test |
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Definition
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Term
| plantar reflex tests what? |
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Definition
| skin receptors of the foot |
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Term
| the stretch receptors in muscles are called? |
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Definition
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Term
| what kind of specialized fibers to muscle spindles contain? |
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Definition
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Term
| which root of a spinal nerve contains motor neurons |
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Definition
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Term
| which root of a spinal nerve contains sensory neurons |
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Definition
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Term
| which reflex tests ascending and defending spinal cord tracts |
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Definition
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Term
| what is reciprocal innervation |
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Definition
| relaxation of the antagonistic muscles |
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Term
| bilateral or consensual reflexes |
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Definition
| reflexes that involve both sides of the body at the same time |
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Term
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Definition
| a stimulus that include the muscles on the same side of the body |
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Term
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Definition
| a stimulus that includes the muscles on the opposite side of the body. |
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Term
| which sensory neurons are pseudounipolar |
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Definition
| sensory neurons from general sensory receptors |
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Term
| where are the cell bodies for these neurons located |
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Definition
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Term
| where do axons of the third-order neurons terminate |
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Definition
| primary sensory somatosensory |
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Term
| where does the posterior column-medial leminscus pathway decussate to the opposite side? |
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Definition
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Term
| where does the spinothalmic pathway decussate to the opposite side? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| light touch, hot and cold |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| deep pressure, fast vibrations |
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Term
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Definition
| changes in texture, slow vibrations |
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Term
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Definition
| sustained touch and pressure |
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Term
| define sensory adaptation |
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Definition
| continued stimulus of sensory receptors that result in a decrease in nerve impulse generation in sensory neurons |
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Term
| a modality that adapts quickly |
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Definition
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Term
| a modality that adapts slowly, if at all |
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Definition
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