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IV therapy
Fluid and electrolytes
61
Nursing
Undergraduate 1
01/22/2023

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Cards

Term
monitor abgs for increased ph after each __________ of sodium bicarb to avoid over treatment and __________
Definition
50-100meq, metabolic alkalosis
Term
with magnesium sulfate asses for
Definition
decreased restlessness and irritability, decreased muscle tremors, control of convulsions
Term
drugs that increase renal excretion of water sodium and other electrolytes
Definition
diuretics
Term
the most common type of peripheral catheter used
Definition
over the needlen
Term
the device insertion site should be assessed every ________at minimum
Definition
4 hours
Term
a ________ Gauge catheter is recommended for most infusions in adult patients
Definition
20-24
Term
midline catheters are inserted peripherally into the upper arm into the:
Definition
basilic, cephalic or brachial veins
Term
recommendations for dwell time of midlime catheters at a particular insertion site vary from
Definition
1 to 4 weeks
Term
replace mudline catheters only when there is a
Definition
specific indication
Term
CVADs require_________ after insertion and before use
Definition
radiographic confirmation of position
Term
types of CVADs
Definition
PICCs, nontunneled percutaneous central venous catheters, tunneled, central venous catheters, implanted ports
Term
PICCs are replaced only as
Definition
needed
Term
Indications for use of PICCs
Definition
administration of IV antibiotics for an extended period, infusion of parenteral nutrition, chemotherapy, continuous narcotic infusions, vescicants, hyperosmolar solutions, blood components, other specific medications and long-term dehydration
Term
nontunneled percutaneous central venous catheters are introduced through the skin into the
Definition
internal jugular, subclavian, or femoral veins
Term
catheters inserted via the femoral vein should have the disyal tip dwell in the _________ above the level of the ________
Definition
thoracic inferior vena cava, diaphragm
Term
tunneled central venous catheter is tunneled in __________ under the skin
Definition
subcutaneous tissue
Term
tunneled central venous catheter is initially sutured into place but after _______ sutures are removed
Definition
7-14 days
Term
pts that have or experienced _________ will not be able to have an IV catheter placed on the impacted extremity
Definition
pt with hx of breast cancer w/same side surgical axillarly lymph node removal, pt with burns infections or traumatic injury to the extremity, pts with upper extremity arteriovenous fistulas or catheters for dialysis
Term
do not use ______ vein if another vein is available
Definition
antecubital
Term
pote tial venipuncture sites for pediatric patients
Definition
hand, forearm and upper arm below axilla
Term
Sites for. infants and toddlers
Definition
scalp and foot if not walking
Term
factors that may interfere with successful placement of a perphiral catheter
Definition
obesity, diabetes, increased patient age, hypovolemia, injection, drug use, the presence of multiple chronic diseases and/or multiple hospitilizations requiring iv acces
Term
an individual nurse should not make more than _________ attempts at vascular access placement when initiating venous access for a patient
Definition
two
Term
liquids that should be given in a large vein
Definition
hypertonic solutions, those containing irritating medications, those administered at a rapid rate, and those with a high viscosity
Term
too slow a flow may result in a _________ because fluid intake is not balancing _______ or it may ________ the restoration of the balance
Definition
fluid volume deficit, fluid loss, delay
Term
Infusing IV too rapidly can lead to
Definition
fluid volume excess
Term
complications of iv therapy
Definition
infiltration, extravasation, phlebitis, thrombophlebitis, infection
Term
inadvertent leakage of vesicant iv solution into surrounding tissue
Definition
extravasation
Term
those with enhance risk of iv r/t infection
Definition
neutropenic, transplant, burn, or critically ill
Term
Use of _______ solution is preferred for skin atisepsis, if there is a contraindication to ____________ solution, tincture of __________ an ______ or _______ alcohol may be used
Definition
>0.5% in alcohol, alcoholic chlorexidin solution, iodine, iodophor, 70%
Term
Use _________ with caution in infants under _______ months of age adn premature infants due to the risk of skin _________
Definition
chlorhexidine, 2, irritation and chemical burns
Term
the use of ________ on insertion sites is not recommended because of their potential to promaote ______________ and ________
Definition
topical antibiotic ointments or creams, fungal infections, antimicrobial resistance
Term
_____ commonly used to protect the insertion site
Definition
transparent semipermeable membrane
Term
______ may be used over CVADs to reduce infection risk when the extraluminal route is the primary source of infection
Definition
chlorhexidine-impregnated dressings
Term
perform site care and replace TSM dressings on CVADs every ________ and every ________ for CVAD sites with gauze dressing
Definition
5-7 days, 2 days
Term
acceptable disinfecting agents:
Definition
70% isopropyl alcohol, iodohors, >0.05% chlorhexidine in alcohol solutions
Term
recommended cleaning time frames include ______ when using alcohol and _______ using chlorhexidine with alcohol
Definition
5 to 60 seconds, 30 seconds
Term
attached to the venous access end cap, needleless connector and/or each access site on IV administration set tubing and is left in place between device accesses
Definition
passive disinfection cap
Term
needless connectors should be changed no more frequently than every
Definition
96 hours
Term
when a needless connector is used as part of a continuous iv infusion, the connector is changed when
Definition
the primary administartion set is changed
Term
short peripheral catheters are locked with
Definition
NS solution
Term
CVADs should be locked with
Definition
a heparin solution (10 units) or NS solution after each intermittent use
Term
Life threatening complications that occur with blood transfusions
Definition
severe allergic reaction, hemolytic reaction, transfusion-related acute lung injury, circulatory overload, transmssion of infections diseases
Term
the process of determining compatibility between blood specimens
Definition
cross matching
Term
an inherited trait is determined by the type of antigens and antibodies present in the blood
Definition
Blood types
Term
a substance that causes the formation of antibodies
Definition
antigen
Term
an antibody that causes a clumping of specific antigens
Definition
agglutinin
Term
ab blood types are called
Definition
universal recipients (because they have no agglutinins)
Term
group o people are often called
Definition
universal donors (because they have neither a nor be antigens)
Term
blood will be tested for
Definition
chagas disease, hiv, hep b and c, human t-lymphotropic virus, syphilis, west nile virus etc
Term
prospective donors are questioned about
Definition
diseases, medical conditions, past surgeries, tattoos, body piercing, travel, sexual habits, and medication/drug use
Term
Patients that donate their own blood for transfusion
Definition
autologous transfusion
Term
blood can be donated every _______ and up to________ business days before surgery is planned as long as the patient meets donation guidelines
Definition
4-7days, 3
Term
fresh frozen plasma is particularly useful in emergencies that involve ________ because it will restore both ________ and
Definition
massive blood loss, coagulation factors, blood volume
Term
human albumin is used for
Definition
hypovolemic shock, albuminemia, liver failure
Term
cryoprecipitate is used to treat
Definition
bleeding due to hemophilia, disseminated intravascular coagulation or depletion of coagulation factors
Term
gammaglobins, the antibody containing part of plasma
Definition
used for gammaglobulin deficiencies
Term
blood or blood components may be transfused via _________ peripheral venous access device for an adult
Definition
20-24 gauge
Term
when rapid transfusion is required a ______ size catheter gauge is recommended
Definition
larger
Term
transfusion for neonate or pediatric patients is usually given using ________ umbilical venous catheter or peripheral venous access device
Definition
24-gauge
Term
parenteral nutrition is highly concentrated_______ that can be administered centrally through a central venous access device
Definition
hypertonic nutrient solution
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