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Common Neurotransmitters
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10
Biology
Undergraduate 3
02/06/2010

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Term
Five classes of neurotransmitters
Definition
neuropeptides
amino acids
monoamines
acetylcholine
unconventional neurotransmitters
Term
Amino Acid neurotransmitters
Definition
located in fast-acting, directed synapses of CNS
glutamate, aspartame, glycine, and GABA
Term
Glutamate
Definition
most prominent excitatory neurotransmitter
Term
GABA
Definition
most prominent inhibitory neurotransmitter
synthesized from modifying glutamate
Term
Monoamine Neurotransmitters
Definition
located in neurons in brain stems on the varicosities of branched axons
dopamine, ephinephrine, norepinephrine, and serotonin
Term
Catecholamines
Definition
synthesized from tyrosine
tyrosine --> L-Dopa-->Dopamine-->ephinephrine and norepinephrine by enzymes
Term
Serotonin
Definition
classified as an indolamine
synthesized from tryptophan
Term
Acetylcholine
Definition
in a class by itself
created from acyetyl + choline
located in neuromuscular junctions
released by cholinergic neurons
broken down by acetylcholinesterase
Term
Unconventional Neurotransmitters
Definition
soluble gas NTs
Endocannaboids
Term
Neuropeptides
Definition
Pituitary
Hypothalamic
Brain-gut
Opioid
Miscellaneous
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