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Chapter 21 Quiz 3
Final Practice
20
Biology
Undergraduate 2
05/10/2011

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Term
Which of the following organisms does NOT have a closed circulatory system?
Definition
Both a) and d) are correct answers.
Term
Both red blood cells and white blood cells are derived from cells in:
Definition
the bone marrow
Term
Which of the following is the correct pathway air takes during a human inhalation?
Definition
nasal passage; pharynx; trachea; bronchi; bronchioles; alveoli
Term
Llama hemoglobin has a higher affinity for oxygen. This is because:
Definition
llamas evolved under conditions where the oxygen concentration (pO2) of the air is lower.
Term
Which of the following is NOT a component of the blood plasma?
Definition
leukocytes
Term
Which of the following is NOT measured by a polygraph?
Definition
eye twitches
Term
Gill arches:
Definition
provide support to gill filaments
Term
Why do cells require oxygen gas?
Definition
Cells need oxygen in order to convert sugar into ATP energy.
Term
Which of the following best describes the inhalation process?
Definition
The diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract. The diaphragm is pulled lower, causing the rib cage to expand. The rapid increase in volume of the chest cavity causes air to be sucked into the lungs.
Term
The three principle functions of the vertebrate circulatory system are:
Definition
transport, protection, and body temperature regulation
Term
What might be the explanation for why crocodiles, but not other reptiles, have an "extra" artery to direct blood to the tissues directly from the right ventricle?
Definition
Crocodiles spend more time underwater and sending blood to inactive lungs makes no sense.
Term
Amphibians have:
Definition
two partially separated circuits of blood flow.
Term
In human lungs, the windpipe branches into two bronchi. The bronchi then branch several times to become:
Definition
bronchioles.
Term
Which of the following values indicate a realistic blood pressure reading for a person with LOW blood pressure?
Definition
90/60
Term
Blood has many important functions that are vital to our everyday existence. Which of the following is NOT one of these functions?
Definition
Blood keeps our bodies at homeostasis by maintaining a pH of 4.7.
Term
Which of the following organisms has an open circulatory system?
Definition
grasshoppers
Term
Animals like jellyfish and cnidarians acquire nutrients and oxygen by:
Definition
direct diffusion.
Term
Oxygen is carried by the protein hemoglobin, which can be found in:
Definition
red blood cells.
Term
The hardening of arteries is known as:
Definition
arteriosclerosis.
Term
Which of the following best describes how the ventricles of the heart contract?
Definition
from the bottom upwards
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