Term
| As blood travels through circulatory system, it encounters _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Collect blood from capillaries... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Location of exchange between blood and interstital fluid |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Inner most layer
-endothelial lining
-connective tissue layer
-Internal elastic layer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Middle layer
Contains smooth muscle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Outer (external) layer of BV
Anchors vessel to adjacent tissues |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Small arteries and veins
-In walls of larger arteries and veins
-Supply cells of tunica media and externa |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which blood vessels have thicker walls and higher blood pressure? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which BV are more elastic? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
From heart to capillaries, arteries change.
-From _____ arteries
-To ______ arteries
_To arterioles |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A buldge in an arterial wall which is caused by weak spot in elastic fibers. High pressure my rupture vessel |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
-Also called conducting arteries
-Large vessels (pulmonary trunk aorta)
-Tunica Media has many elastic fibers and few muscle cells |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Also called distribution arteries.
-Medium sized (most arteries)
-Tunica Media has many muscle cells
-Active in vasoconstriction |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Are small
-have little or no tunica externa
-have thin or incomplete tunica media
-Control flow into capillary beds vasod &c |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Capillaries are smallest vessels with __ walls. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _____ help stabilize capillaries walls and control permability |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In all tissues except for cartilage, epithelia, cornea and lens of eye |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Function of?
Location of all exchange functions of cardiovascular system.
Material diffuse between blood and interstital fluid |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Has an endothelial tube, inside thin basal lamina.
No tunica media or externa
Diameter is similar to RBC |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
-Have complete endothelial lining.
-Are found in all tissues except epithelia and cartilage.
-Abundant in skin and muscles |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Permit diffusion of water, small solutes, and lipid-soluble materials.
-block blood cells and plasma proteins |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Are in CNS and thymus
-have very restricted permeability |
|
Definition
| specialized continuous capillaries |
|
|
Term
-Have pores in endothelial lining
-Permit rapid exchange of water and larger solutes between plasma and interstitial fluid
-Are found in Choroid plexus, endocrine organs, kidneys and intestinal tract |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
-Have gaps between adjacent endothelial cells.
-Found in liver, spleen, bone marrow and endocrine organs
-Permit free exchange of water and large proteins between blood and IF
-Phagocytic cells monitor blood at these |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Large pores increase permeability. Occurs in special locations (Kidneys, small intestines) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most permable capillary. Special locations (liver, bone marrow, spleen) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Connect one arteriole and one venule.
Where these have direct connections.
Controlled by smooth muscle segments |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Multiple arteries that connect to one capillary bed |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| fusion of two collateral arteries |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Bypass the capillary bed.
Direct connections between arterioles and venules. |
|
Definition
| Arteriovenous anastomoses |
|
|
Term
Guard entrance to each capillary.
Open and closes, causing capillary blood flow in pulses |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Contraction and relaxation cycle of capillary sphincters |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Very small veins.
Collect blood from capillaries |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This vein has a thin tunica media and few smooth muscle cells |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This type of vein has all 3 tunica layers |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Formed when venules converge.
Collect blood from capillaries in tissues and organs.
Contain 65% of blood supply |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Called capacitance vessels |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Folds of tunica intima.
Prevent blood from flowing backwards |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the two major pumps that assist in moving blood back into the heart? |
|
Definition
| Skeletal muscle and respiratory pump |
|
|
Term
| Pressure in thoracic cage drops and draws blood into veins. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pressure increases in the thoracic cage and pushes the blood towards the heart |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| total capillary blood flow = cardiac output which is determined by the pressure and resistance of the..... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The ______ provides the driving force that keeps blood moving from higher to lower pressure areas |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Blood viscocity
total blood vessel length
blood vessel diameter are important sources of what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The heart generates pressure to overcome ______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Absolute pressure is less important than what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ____________ = pressure gradient. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Total peripheral resistance=________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| peak arterial pressure during ventricular systole |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| minimum arterial pressure during diastole |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| diastolic pressure + 1/3 pulse pressure |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Elasticity allows arteries to _____ ____ ___ that come with each heartbeat. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ allow arteries to change in diameter |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ____ and ____ will affect afterload on heart, peripheral bp, capillary blood flow |
|
Definition
| vasocontriction and vasodilation |
|
|
Term
| _____ is pressure that the chamber of the heart has to generate in order to eject blood out of the chamber. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| As afterload increases, cardiac output ______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Elastic rebound
Aterial walls stretch during _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Elastic rebound
arterial walls recoil to original shape during ______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What keeps blood moving during diastole |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ____ and ______ decreases with distance from heart. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _______ decrease with friction. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ decreases due to elastic rebound |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
capillary exchange
Moves materials across capillary walls by diffusion, filtration and _______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
capillary exchange
some ions (Na,K,Cl)
Diffuse through _____ in plasma membranes. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
capillary exchange
Large, water-soluble compunds pass through _______ capillaries |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
capillary exchange
lipids and lipid-soluble materials (o2 and co2) ____ through endothelial plasma membranes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
capillary exchange
plasma protein cross endothelial lining in ________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Causes by suspended blood proteins that are too large to cross capillary walls |
|
Definition
| blood colloid osmotic pressure |
|
|
Term
| Results in water moving in |
|
Definition
| blood colloid osmotic pressure |
|
|
Term
| forces water out of a solution |
|
Definition
| capillary hydrostatic pressure |
|
|
Term
| Due to ___ in arterial system, fluid leaks out. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Fluid pressure is ________. This causes H2o out of vessels. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Difference between capillary hydrostatic pressure and interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pushes water and solutes out of capillaries and into interstitial fluid |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Difference between blood colloid osmotic pressure and interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure |
|
Definition
| Net colloid osmotic pressure |
|
|
Term
| Pulls water and solutes into a capillary from interstitial fluid |
|
Definition
| net colloid osmotic pressure |
|
|
Term
| the difference between net hydrostatic pressure and net osmotic pressure |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| At arterial end of capillary fluid moves ___ of capillary and ___ interstitial fluid |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| At venous end of capillary fluid moves ___ capillary and ___ of interstitial fluid. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tissue perfusion is affected by cardiac output, bp, and ______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Myogenic auto regulation, tissue metabolic activity, paracrine signaling molecules, endocrine system, and nervous system are all |
|
Definition
| regulators of arterial diameter |
|
|
Term
| low O2, high Co2, low pH, NO, high K or H concentrations histamines elevated temp are all.... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Local vasoconstrictors constrict ____ ____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
No Ca entering--relax
Activate K channels/more K out/hyperpolarize/--relax
activates myosin phosphate/dephosphorylates myosin--relax |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Vasomotor center:
Vasoconstriction-controlled by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Stretch sensitive mechanoreceptors located in the walls of major blood vessels |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Baroreceptor reflex regulates ____ |
|
Definition
|
|
