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AP GOV Unit 1
Federalism, Constitution
59
Social Studies
12th Grade
09/18/2012

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Cards

Term
The debates between Federalists and Anti-Federalists were primarily about which of the following issues?


Select one:


a. The representation of large and small states

b. The existence of slavery

c. The scope of power of central government

d. The need to establish a central currency

e. The right of people to rebel
Definition
The scope of power of central government
Term
Which of the following is a fundamental element of the United States Constitution?


Select one:


a. Emphasis on a unitary system of government

b. Direct election of members in the executive branch

c. An executive branch that is more powerful than the legislature

d. Division of government authority across political institutions

e. Recognition of the centrality of political parties in political government
Definition
Division of government authority across political institutions
Term
The framers of the United States Constitution left decisions on voting eligibility to the


Select one:


a. House of Representatives

b. individual states

c. civil rights agencies

d. Senate

e. United States Supreme Court
Definition
Individual States
Term
All of the following are ways that the legislative branch can check powers of the executive branch EXCEPT:


Select one:


a. Congress may pass a law declaring a presidential action unconstitutional.

b. The Senate may refuse to approve a presidential appointment.

c. Congress may remove the president through the impeachment and conviction powers.

d. Congress may override a presidential veto.

e. The Senate may refuse to approve a treaty negotiated by the president.
Definition
Congress may pass a law declaring a presidential action unconstitutional.
Term
Which of the following constitutional principles most directly addresses the relationship between the national and state governments?


Select one:


a. Separation of powers

b. Federalism

c. The Bill of Rights

d. Representation

e. Checks and balances ?
Definition
Federalism
Term
Cooperative federalism can best be described by which of the following statements?


Select one:


a. The federal government must make regulations that can be applied across every state in the same way.

b. Local levels of government can make decisions on issues more efficiently than state and national governments can.

c. Government must have cooperation from the people in order to make legistlative decisions.

d. Business and government can work together to more effectively accomplish shared goals.

e. Different levels of government are involved in common policy areas.
Definition
Different levels of government are involved in common policy areas.
Term
Giving state governments greater discretion in deciding how to achieve the specific goals of welfare reform is an example of


Select one:


a. an unfunded mandate

b. implied powers

c. devolution

d. affirmative action

e. dual federalism
Definition
Devolution
Term
Which of the following is the best example of a categorical grant?


Select one:


a. Money given directly to private business for economic development

b. Money given to states unconditionally

c. Money given to states to spend at their discretion on transportation

d. Money given to states for special education programs

e. Money given to individuals in the form of tax rebates
Definition
Money given to states for special education programs
Term
The Constitution states that all revenue bills must originate in


Select one:


a. the United States House of Representatives

b. the Congressional Budget Office

c. the United States Senate

d. White House budget resolution

e. the Office of Management and Budget
Definition
a. the United States House of Representatives
Term
The term "fiscal federalism" and "cooperative federalism" refer to situations in which


Select one:


a. the federal government completely dominates state and local governments.

b. the federal judiciary uses its power of judicial review to ensure congressional dominance over state legslatures.

c. state, municipal, and local income taxes are pooled by special agreement and redistributed in accordance with individual need.

d. federal, state, and local governments work together to complete a project, with the federal government providing much of the project funding.

e. states are forbidden any activity that has not been specifically approved by the Supreme Court.
Definition
d. federal, state, and local governments work together to complete a project, with the federal government providing much of the project funding.
Term
The procedure for formally amending the United States Constitution best illustrates which of the following?


Select one:


a. The Founding Father's desire to facilitate rapid constitutional revisions.

b. The dominance of the state governments over the national government.

c. The federal structure of the United States government.

d. The Supreme Court's power to review constituional amendments.

e. The dominance of the national government over the state government.
Definition
The federal structure of the United States government.
Term
Which of the following is true under the system of checks and balances?


Select one:


a. The Supreme Court can remove members of Congress, and Congress can impeach the President

b. The Supreme Court can overrule the President's policy proposals

c. A bill becomes law when the House and the Senate pass it and the Supreme Court declares it constitutional

d. The House of Representatives appoints justices to the Supreme Court and the Senate approves to the appointments

e. the Senate must ratify treaties negotiated by the President before they become law
Definition
e. the Senate must ratify treaties negotiated by the President before they become law
Term
In Federalist No 10, James Madison argued that factions in a republic are


Select one:


a. not likely to occur if people are honest

b. a more serious threat if the republic is large

c. prevented by majority rule

d. prevented by free elections

e. natural but controllable by institutions
Definition
e. natural but controllable by institutions
Term
Which of the following was the most important effect of replacing the Articles of Confederation with the Constitution of 1787?


Select one:


a. The establishment of direct democracy

b. The establishment of judicial review

c. The protection of free speech

d. the creation of a strong national government

e. The guarantee of states' rights
Definition
d. the creation of a strong national government
Term
The importance of Shay’s Rebellion to the development of the United States Constitution was that it


Select one:


a. Revealed the necessity of both adding the Bill of Rights to the Constitution and creating a new system of checks and balances.

b. Demonstrated the intensity of antiratification sentiment within the thirteen states

c. Indicated that a strong, constitutionally designed national government was needed to protect property and maintain order

d. reinforced the idea that slavery should be outlawed in the new Constitution

e. convinced the delegates attending the Constitutional Convention to accept the Connecticut Plan.
Definition
c. Indicated that a strong, constitutionally designed national government was needed to protect property and maintain order
Term
In a federal system of government, political power is primarily


Select one:


a. vested in regional governments

b. vested in local governments

c. vested in central governments

d. divided between the central government and regional government
divided between the regional governments and local governments
Definition
d. divided between the central government and regional government
divided between the regional governments and local governments
Term
The framers of the Constitution all believed that one of the primary functions of government is


Select one:


a. Expanding the borders of the nation

b. Protecting individual property rights

c. Protecting new immigrants from persecution

d. Educating citizens

e. Ensuring that anyone accused of a crime has the right to legal representation
Definition
b. Protecting individual property rights
Term
All of the following issues were decided at the Constitutional Convention EXCEPT


Select one:


a. congressional power to override a presidental veto

b. qualificationals for members of the House and Senate

c. representation in the legislature

d. voting qualifications of the electorate

e. method of electing the president
Definition
d. voting qualifications of the electorate
Term
In the constitution as orginally ratified in 1788, the provisions regarding which of the following most closely approximate popular, majoritarian democracy


Select one:


a. election of the members of the Senate

b. Ratification of treaties

c. Confirmation of the presidential appointments

d. election of members of the House of Representations

e. Election of the President
Definition
d. election of members of the House of Representations
Term
Which of the following best defines the constitutional interpretation of federalism?


Select one:


a. the federal government and the states have seperate but overlapping powers; where these powers conflict the federal government prevails.

b. the federal government may exercise only those powers specifically enumerated in the constitution

c. the states may only exercise those powers delegated to them by Congress

d. the federal government and the states each have seperate and mutually exclusive roles and responsibilities; neither controls the other

e. the states have some powers reserved to them which they may exercise if the Supreme Cuort permits
Definition
a. the federal government and the states have seperate but overlapping powers; where these powers conflict the federal government prevails.
Term
All of the following are consequences of the federal system in the United Sates EXCEPT


Select one:


a. multiple points of access for interest groups

b. decentralization of political conflict

c. Inequality in government services across subnational entities.

d. a strict division of power among levels of government

e. opportunities for experimentation in government programs
Definition
d. a strict division of power among levels of government
Term
Unlike the Articles of Confederation, the Constitution does which of the following?


Select one:


a. Emphasizes both national sovereignty and federalism

b. Restricts the ability of Congress to establish an Army and Navy

c. Establishes a unitary form of government

d. Restricts the ablitly of Congress to tax

e. Emphasizes State sovereignty over national sovereignty
Definition
a. Emphasizes both national sovereignty and federalism
Term
The main instrument the national government uses to influence state governments is


Select one:


a. the Tenth Amendment.
incorrect

b. judicial review.

c. mandates.

d. grants-in-aid.

e. presidential decrees.
Definition
d. grants-in-aid.
Term
The enumerated powers of Congress and the national government are those


Select one:


a. involving taxes, spending, and fiscal policy.

b. specifically spelled out in the Constitution.
correct

c. not specifically spelled out in the Constitution, but nonetheless acknowledged.

d. set out in the first ten amendments.

e. requiring ratification by the states.
Definition
b. specifically spelled out in the Constitution.
Term
All of the following are examples of how federalism decentralizes our policies EXCEPT


Select one:


a. homeland security.

b. regulation of abortion.

c. federal income tax.

d. funding of education.

e. death penalty.
Definition
IDK?
Term
The power to directly regulate such things as drinking ages, marriage and divorce, and sexual behavior has been granted


Select one:


a. to both the state and national governments.

b. to the president.

c. to the national government.

d. to state governments.
correct

e. to all governments by the Bill of Rights.
Definition
d. to state governments.
Term
Constitutional amendments are usually ratified by


Select one:


a. state conventions called by two-thirds vote in Congress.

b. a national convention.

c. a majority of the Supreme Court.

d. legislatures of three-fourths of the states.

e. a two-thirds vote in each house of Congress.
Definition
d. legislatures of three-fourths of the states.
Term
In our federal system, the powers of the state governments are ultimately granted by


Select one:


a. the people of their state.

b. the United States Constitution.

c. their state's Supreme Court.

d. the United States government.

e. their state legislature.
Definition
b. the United States Constitution.
Term
Which of the following is covered by Congress's power to regulate interstate commerce according to current Supreme Court interpretation?


Select one:


a. Insurance transactions

b. Radio signals

c. The Internet
incorrect

d. Telephone messages

e. All options are correct
Definition
e. All options are correct
Term
.In its McCulloch v. Maryland decision, the Supreme Court ruled in favor of


Select one:


a. judicial review.

b. the supremacy of the states over the national government.
incorrect

c. judicial restraint.

d. the supremacy of the national government over the states.

e. Maryland in a dispute with the national government.
Definition
d. the supremacy of the national government over the states.
Term
The power of the courts to determine whether acts of Congress and the executive are in accord with the Constitution is the power of


Select one:


a. litigation.

b. veto.

c. judicial review.
correct

d. certiorari.

e. habeas corpus.
Definition
c. judicial review.
Term
Federal policies to regulate food and drugs, build interstate highways, protect consumers, try to clean up dirty air and water, and do many other things are all justified as ________ of Congress.


Select one:


a. implied powers

b. reserved powers

c. constitutionally specified powers

d. categorical grants

e. enumerated powers
Definition
a. implied powers
Term
A nation's basic law is


Select one:


a. its constitution.
correct

b. another way of referring to a society's common law.

c. its code of conduct.

d. never an unwritten document.

e. always a written document.
Definition
a. its constitution.
Term
The American Revolution was different from the French, Russian, and Iranian revolutions in that it


Select one:


a. was much shorter.

b. was much bloodier.

c. produced little societal change.

d. did not result in a change of government.

e. all of the above.
Definition
c. produced little societal change.
Term
The New Jersey and the Virginia Plan differed mainly over whether


Select one:


a. there should be a legislative branch at the national level.

b. there should be a president under the new constitution.

c. slavery should be permitted in the nation.

d. states of the national government should have the ability to regulate interstate commerce.

e. states should have an equal number of representatives in Congress.
Definition
e. states should have an equal number of representatives in Congress.
Term
What are the three branches of government?


Select one:


a. The executive, the electorate, and the judicial.

b. The executive, the judicial, and the president.

c. The House of Representatives, the Senate, and the president.

d. Congress, the president, and the House of Representatives.

e. The legislative, the executive, and the judicial.
Definition
e. The legislative, the executive, and the judicial.
Term
Which of the following was NOT among Madison's solutions to the problems of majority factions?


Select one:


a. Rely solely on majority rule

b. Separate the powers of different institutions.

c. Place as much government as possible beyond the control of the majority.

d. Construct a system of checks and balances.

e. None of the above.
Definition
a. Rely solely on majority rule
Term
.In its McCulloch v. Maryland decision, the Supreme Court ruled in favor of


Select one:


a. the supremacy of the national government over the states.

b. the supremacy of the states over the national government.

c. judicial review.

d. judicial restraint.

e. Maryland in a dispute with the national government.
Definition
a. the supremacy of the national government over the states.
Term
In 1964, when Congress prohibited racial discrimination in public places such as restaurants, it used ________ as a basis for this ruling.


Select one:


a. the full faith and credit clause

b. Article VI of the Constitution

c. its power to regulate interstate commerce

d. its enumerated powers

e. its privileges and immunities
Definition
c. its power to regulate interstate commerce
Term
The fact that a driver's license from one state is valid in other states is an example of


Select one:


a. extradition.

b. implied powers.

c. un-mandated reciprocity.

d. full faith and credit.

e. privileges and immunities.
Definition
d. full faith and credit.
Term
In ________ federalism, the powers and policy assignments of different levels of government are like a marble cake, with mingled responsibilities and blurred distinctions between layers of government.


Select one:


a. fiscal

b. cooperative

c. dual

d. mixed

e. tripartite
Definition
b. cooperative
Term
In dual federalism,


Select one:


a. there are only two branches of government.

b. states and the national government each remain supreme within their own spheres.

c. powers are shared between states and the federal government.

d. the federal government assumes greater fiscal responsibility.

e. the state governments assume greater fiscal responsibility.
Definition
b. states and the national government each remain supreme within their own spheres.
Term
Which of the following is NOT true about categorical grants?


Select one:


a. The federal government is less likely to apply conditions to these grants today than in the 1970s.

b. Virtually every one is enshrouded in rules and regulations for its use.

c. Categorical grants are monies that can be spent in broad categories of functions.

d. There are several hundred specific purposes or categories for which these grants can be used.

e. A project grant is the most typical type of categorical grant.
Definition
a. The federal government is less likely to apply conditions to these grants today than in the 1970s.
Term
Federalism is advantageous for democracy for each of the following reasons EXCEPT


Select one:


a. allows for a greater diversity of opinion to be reflected in public policies.

b. allows customization of policies for local needs.

c. allows more opportunities for political participation.

d. increases the number of decisions and compromises made at the national level.

e. increases access to government.
Definition
d. increases the number of decisions and compromises made at the national level.
Term
Each of the following is considered a disadvantage of federalism for democracy EXCEPT


Select one:


a. powerful interests in a state can use the state as a power base to promote their interests.

b. policy diversity can discourage states from providing services that would otherwise be available.

c. large number of governments in the United States make exercising democratic control more difficult.

d. voter turnout rates in state and local elections are even lower than in national elections.

e. local interests may be able to thwart national majority support of certain policies.
Definition
a. powerful interests in a state can use the state as a power base to promote their interests.
Term
Since 1929, the national government's share of American governmental expenditures has


Select one:


a. grown rapidly.

b. dropped.

c. grown at a slower rate than the states' share.

d. remained the same.

e. approached nearly 100 percent.
Definition
a. grown rapidly
Term
Over the last 125 years the people of the United States have turned increasingly to the national government to solve problems or provide assistance because


Select one:


a. a problem or policy often requires the authority and resources of the national government.

b. we have a unitary government.

c. the Tenth Amendment gave increased power to the national government.

d. of persistent corruption in state and local government.

e. of corruption at the state level.
Definition
a. a problem or policy often requires the authority and resources of the national government.
Term
Which of the following statements about political parties is TRUE?


Select one:


a. The authors of the Constitution disliked political parties because they believed they encourage factions.

b. The developed an important role in elections by 1800, emerging through practice, rather than formal constitutional change.

c. They are not mentioned in the Constitution.

d. All of the above.

e. None of the above.
Definition
d. all the above
Term
Which of the following statements regarding the Constitution is FALSE?


Select one:


a. Political changes, such as the emergence of political parties, have contributed to the changing nature of the constitution.

b. The original Constitution offers numerous guidelines on voter eligibility.

c. Five of the 17 constitutional amendments passed since the Bill of Rights have focused on the expansion of the electorate.

d. The original Constitution was characterized by numerous restrictions on direct voter participation.

e. One of the central themes of American history has been the gradual democratization of the Constitution.
Definition
b. The original Constitution offers numerous guidelines on voter eligibility.
Term
Under the Madisonian model, people desiring change


Select one:


a. find a government that is highly responsive and acts quickly and decisively.

b. need only win at one point in the policymaking process.

c. must usually have a sizable majority.

d. have no chance of victory.

e. need just a simple majority over 50 percent.
Definition
c. must usually have a sizable majority.
Term
Which of these is mentioned in the Constitution?


Select one:


a. The offices of the White House.

b. Independent regulatory commissions.

c. The Supreme Court

d. These are all mentioned in the Constitution.

e. The committees of Congress.
Definition
C. The Supreme Court
Term
Which of the following best describes primary differences between the Anti-Federalist and the Federalists?


Select one:


a. The Anti-Federalists believed in rule of the common man; the Federalists believed in government by the elite.

b. The Anti-Federalists were primarily small farmers, shopkeepers, and laborers; the Federalists were primarily large landowners, wealthy merchants, and professionals.

c. The Anti-Federalists preferred stronger state governments; the Federalists preferred weaker state governments.

d. All of the above.

e. A and B only.
Definition
d. all the above
Term
The amendments that have been added to the Constitution have made it


Select one:


a. more protective of property rights.

b. more elitist and undemocratic.

c. much more like the European constitutions it originally condemned.

d. weaker and less significant to American society.

e. more egalitarian and democratic.
Definition
e. more egalitarian and democratic.
Term
Since the ratification of the Bill of Rights, there have been ________ amendments to the Constitution.


Select one:


a. eighteen

b. ten

c. seventeen

d. seven

e. twenty-six
Definition
c. seventeen
Term
The workings of the federal system are sometimes called


Select one:


a. interstate relations.

b. international relations.

c. internal relations.

d. intergovernmental relations.

e. intrastate relations.
Definition
d. intergovernmental relations.
Term
The foundation of Locke's philosphy was that human beings


Select one:


a. are granted rights by their king

b. have rights that are granted them by government

c. derive theri rights from God.

d. determine their own rights

e. derive their rights from nature
Definition
e. derive their rights from nature
Term
The landmark case in which the Court broadly interpreteed Article 1, Section 8 of the Constitution, giving Congress the power to regulate interstate commerce and virtually every form of commercial activity is


Select one:


a. Marbury v. Madison

b. Dred Scot v Sandford

c. Gibbons v Ogden

d. Printz v US

e. McCulloch v Maryland
Definition
c. Gibbons v Ogden
Term
The federal system


Select one:


a. decentralizes our politics.

b. decreases the number of government officeholders.

c. decreases opportunities for political participation.

d. decreases judicial power.

e. centralizes our politics.
Definition
a. decentralizes our politics.
Term
According to the U.S. Constitution, how many Senators does each state have?


Select one:


a. Six

b. Two

c. A total of three

d. Depends on the state's population

e. One
Definition
b.two
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