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z-Preview of Carbonyl Compounds
CHM2211 Dr. Elsheimer Fall 09
14
Organic Chemistry
09/23/2009
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Term
R-C=O-H
 Definition
-al (Aldehyde)
Term
R-C=O-R'
 Definition
-one (Keytone)
Term
R-C=O-OH
 Definition
-oic acid (carboxylic acid)
Term
R-C=O-X
 Definition
-yl hailide or -oyl halide (acid Halide)
Term
R-C=O-O-C=O-R'
 Definition
-ic anhydride (Acid Anhydride)
Symmetrical anhydrides: ie Acetic anhydride
Unsymmetrical anhydrides: ie Acetic Benzoic anhydride
Term
R-C=O-O-P=O-O-O
 Definition
-yl phosphate (Acyl Phosphate)
Term
R-C=O-O-R'
 Definition
-ate of carboxylic acid + R group (Ester)
Term
C-C=O-O (cyclic ester)
 Definition
none (Lactone)
Term
R-C=O-S-R'
 Definition
-thioate R + R' (Thioester) or methyl thioacetate
Term
R-C=O-N
 Definition
-amide (Amide)
Term
C-C=O-N (cyclic amide)
 Definition
none (Lactam)
Term
Nucleophilic Addition with Aldehyde or Ketone
Definition
R-C=O-R'-Nu(negative charge)-> R-R'-C-OH-Nu
R-C=O-R'-NuH2-> R-R'-C=Nu
Term
Nucleophilic addition
 Definition
an addition reaction where in a chemical compound a π bond is removed by the creation of two new covalent bonds by the addition of a nucleophile
Term
Nucleophilic acyl substitution
 Definition
he substitution reaction involving nucleophiles and acyl compounds. Acyl compounds are carboxylic acid derivatives including esters, amides and acid halides