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World Music Test 2
India, Zimbabwe, West Africa, North Africa
65
Music
Undergraduate 1
10/20/2009

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Cards

Term
Turino's characteristics of African Music
Definition
Interlocking, Call-and-response, cyclical and open-ended patterns, community participation, rhythmic complexity, core and elaboration parts
Term
Interlocking
Definition
fitting your pitches and beats inter spaces of other parts
Term
Call-and-response
Definition
alternation of the leader and chorus parts or instrument and vocal parts
Term
Cyclical and open-ended patterns
Definition
often involving ostinatos, a lot of repetition
Term
Rhythmic complexity
Definition
juxtaposition, duple or triple rhythmic patterns, layering
Term
Core parts
Definition
needed for the song to go forward
Term
Elaboration parts
Definition
"artsy" detailed pieces added
Term
Islam's pillars
Definition
Shahada (profession of faith), Salah (prayers), Zalah (giving of alms), saum (fasting during Ramadam), Hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca)
Term
Syncretism
Definition
fusing/combining different beliefs or religions
Term
Dhikr
Definition
devotional act by repetition of the names of Gods (all 99)
Term
Pungwe
Definition
400 yd river in Mozambique and Zimbabwe that often floods.
Term
Griot/Jeliya
Definition
praise singers (its hereditary, tradition passed down through families)
Term
Horo
Definition
Freeborn
Term
Sula
Definition
Normal people (farmers, merchants, aristocrats)
Term
Nyamalo
Definition
People who have specialized jobs (blacksmiths, musicians)
Term
Kumbengo
Definition
layered ostinato based style on the kora with accompany singing
Term
Birimintingo
Definition
soloistic style of instrumental performance used on instruments like the kora, bala, and koni in Mande jeliya music
Term
Donkilo
Definition
"call to dance," singing songs that are usually short and often have 2 main phrases
Term
Sataro
Definition
Improvisatory, partially speechlike style of singing in jeliya vocal art
Term
Kora
Definition
harp-like chordophone of the Mande peoples
Term
Ngoni (Koni)
Definition
banjo-like plucked chordophone instrument of the jeli
Term
Balafon
Definition
wooden keyed percussion idiophone, played by striking the keys with 2 padded sticks
Term
Shona
Definition
Bantu speaking people of Zimbabwe
Term
Mbira
Definition
inner melodic lines from the combination of thumb and forefinger, not a change in whats being played
Term
Bira
Definition
ceremony where the spirit comes to the community through a medium in times of trouble, good mbira playing is essential for success
Term
Sufism
Definition
inner, mystical version of Islam that practices Dhikrr and meditation
Term
Bilal ibn Rabah
Definition
Muhammad's meuzzin (first in Islamic faith), known for his beautiful voice with which he called people to their prayers
Term
Gnawa
Definition
ethnic/religious group in Morocco that held healing ceremonies
Term
Layla
Definition
enactment of the principles of the universe (performed at night)
Term
Ma'alem
Definition
a man known for his sexual escapades, has intimate relationships with all the women who are possessed
Term
Quraqeb
Definition
set of 4 cymbal (2 on each hand)
Term
Maskun
Definition
inhibited (possessed) people
Term
Mluk
Definition
abstract entities that gather lots of jinn, evoked by 7 musical patters, 7 melodic and rhythmic cells, 7 different types of incents are burned and dancers wear 7 different colors
Term
Jinn
Definition
genie spirits
Term
Gnawa Diffusion
Definition
band based on Gnawa tradition with some reggae and roots
Term
Nass al Ghiwan
Definition
band that wrote about social/political climate and arranged music into Morrocan tradition
Term
ZANLA
Definition
Zimbabwe African National Liberation Army
Term
Thomas Mapfumo
Definition
African musician who composed songs about the liberation of Mali and when it happen he was looked at as a hero for his influence
Term
Chimurenga
Definition
song of struggle
Term
Maoism
Definition
ZANU commited to Maoist principles
Term
Robert Mugabe
Definition
ZANU leader who was elected to run the ANC
Term
Sunjata
Definition
Jeliya dedicated pieced of music to this ruler (child unable to walk, to exiled warrior, to king)
Term
Gamelan Beleganjur
Definition
processional emsemble that marches while performing considting of multiple gongs, drums and cymbals
Term
Gamelan Gong Kebyar
Definition
Paired tuning between sets of instruments
Term
Ombak
Definition
blending different pitches to create an acoustic beating effect
Term
Kecak
Definition
men chant kilitan telu patterns surounding an oil lamp, spirits are summoned, dance-drama is an episode of the Ramayana
Term
Agama Tirta
Definition
Balinese Hinduism
Term
Upper World
Definition
gods and venerated ancestors reside in the heavens (Brahma-creator, Wisnu-preserver), Siwa-destroyer)
Term
Middle World
Definition
Bali itself
Term
Lower World
Definition
where land meets sea and below, evil spirits (bhutas and leyaks which are a threat to mankind)
Term
Ravi Shankar
Definition
famouns sitarist who spread Indian music into popular music
Term
Raga
Definition
set of pitches consisting of 7 ascending pitches, different ragas are linked to different states of mind, seasons time of the day etc
Term
Hindustani
Definition
N. India, greater influence on Islamic cultures, international exposure, sitar, tambura, tabla
Term
Karnatak
Definition
status of singing is more elevated relative to instrumental music, vina, tambura, mrdangam
Term
Gharana
Definition
system of social organization linking musician/dancers by lineage and by music style
Term
Sitar
Definition
plucked chordophone, lead melodic instrument in Hindustani Raga
Term
Tambura
Definition
plucked chordophone, drone-providing instrument in Hindustani Raga
Term
Tabla
Definition
pair of drums, rhythmic accompaniment in Hindustani Raga
Term
Tala
Definition
meter and rhythm
Term
Tintal tala
Definition
16-beat
Term
Jhaptal tala
Definition
10-beat
Term
Theka
Definition
basic structure of the tala achieved through a skeletal drum pattern
Term
Alap
Definition
slow, abstract movement in opening section, no drumming, no meter, no set compositions
Term
Jor
Definition
when a rhythmic pulse is introduced in an alap (still no meter)
Term
Gat
Definition
second main section when instruments are introduced (gradual, successsive patterns become longer and more complex, different formal sections combine)
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