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Week 7
Lecture 2
33
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
10/31/2014

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Cards

Term
Which compartment of the forearm contains the flexors?
Definition
the anterior compartment
Term
Which compartment of the forearm contains the extensors?
Definition
the posterior compartment
Term
Why do most of the muscles of the forearm originate from the humerus?
Definition
-allows bulk of muscles to be located
proximally in the forearm
-allows wrist to be capable of large range of movement
Term
What are the five superficial muscles of the anterior compartment?
Definition
1. pronator teres
2. flexor carpi radialis
3. palmaris longus
4. flexor carpi ulnaris
5. flexor digitorum superficialis
Term
What are characteristics of the pronator teres?
Definition
-round muscle (like a cigar)
-most lateral of superficial flexor group
Term
What is the origin and insertion of the pronator teres?
Definition
O: medial epicondyle via the commone flexor tendon
I: mid-lateral shaft of radius
Term
What are the actions and innervation of the pronator teres?
Definition
A: pronates the forearm, forearm flexion
N: median nerve
Term
What is the cubital fossa?
Definition
triangular area of the anterior elbow that is typically used as a location for venipuncture because the radial nerve is superficial
Term
What are the borders of the cubital fossa?
Definition
-medial epicondyle and lateral epicondyle form the base of the triangle
-pronator teres forms medial side
-brachioradialis forms lateral side
Term
What are characteristics of the flexor carpi radialis?
Definition
-medial to pronator teres
-radial artery is lateral to distal tendon
Term
What is the origin and insertion of the flexor carpi radialis?
Definition
O: medial epicondyle via the commone flexor tendon
I: palmar surface of the hand
Term
What are the actions and innervation of the flexor carpi radialis?
Definition
A: wrist flexion and abduction
N: median nerve
Term
What are characteristics of the palmarus longus?
Definition
-absent in about 15% of people
-helps you "palm" a basketball
Term
What is the origin and insertion of the palmarus longus?
Definition
O: medial epicondyle via the commone flexor tendon
I: palmar aponeurosis
Term
What are the actions and innervation of the palmarus longus?
Definition
A: wrist flexion and tenses fascia of palm
N: median nerve
Term
What are the characteristics of the flexor carpi ulnaris?
Definition
-most medial of superficial flexors
-ulnar nerve and artery are immediately lateral to distal tendon
Term
What is the origin and insertion of the flexor carpi ulnaris?
Definition
O: medial epicondyle via the commone flexor tendon
I: medial side of hand
Term
What are the actions and innervation of the flexor carpi ulnaris?
Definition
A: wrist flexion and adduction
N: ulnar nerve
Term
What are characteristics of the flexor digitorum superficialis?
Definition
deep to palmaris longus
Term
What is the origin and insertion of the flexor digitorum superficialis?
Definition
O: medial epicondyle via the commone flexor tendon
I: tendons split to insert at middle phalanx of digits 2-5
Term
What are the actions and innervation of the flexor digitorum superficialis?
Definition
A: wrist flexion, digit flexion
N: median nerve
Term
What are the three deep muscles of the anterior compartment?
Definition
1. flexor pollicis longus
2. flexor digitorum profundus
3. pronator quadratus
Term
What are characteristics of the flexor pollicis longus?
Definition
-lateral to flexor digitorum profundus
Term
What is the origin and insertion of the flexor pollicis longus?
Definition
O: along the radius bone
I: distal phalanx #1
Term
What are the actions and innervation of the flexor pollicis longus?
Definition
A: wrist flexion and thumb flexion
N: ulnar nerve
Term
What is the origin and insertion of the flexor digitorum profundus?
Definition
O: ulna bones
I: tendons pass through split in flexor digitorum superficialis to reach distal phalanx 2-5
Term
What are the actions and innervation of the flexor digitorum profundus?
Definition
A: wrist flexion and distal phalanx flexion
N: medial 1/2=ulnar nerve
lateral 1/2=median nerve
Term
What are characteristics of the pronator quadratus?
Definition
-square shaped muscle, proximal to the wrist
-deepest of anterior arm
Term
What is the origin and insertion of the pronator quadratus?
Definition
O: distal ulna
I: distal radius
Term
What are the actions and innervation of the pronator quadratus?
Definition
A: initiates pronation
N: median nerve
Term
What is the carpal tunnel?
Definition
a fibrous/osseous tunnel at the anterior wrist that allows for passage of finger and thumb tendons and the median nerve
Term
What is the flexor retinaculum?
Definition
fibrous roof of the carpal tunnel
Term
How does carpal tunnel syndrome occur?
Definition
median nerve is compressed leading to numbness, tingling, and even pain in affected areas
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