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Web Services Interview Qs
n/a
31
Computer Science
Undergraduate 1
06/08/2013

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Term

What is a Web service?

Definition
At a minimum, a Web service is any piece of software that makes itself available over the internet and uses a standardized XML messaging systems.
Term

Why are web services needed?

(Hint: 4)

Definition

- Provides interoperability between platforms.

- Promotes code resusability.

- Allows for distributed business applications.

- Can be “firewall friendly” when using HTTP.

Term

What are the types of Web Services?

(Hint: 2)

Definition

- SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol): a description of an xml messaging protocol.

- REST (Representational State Transfer): a description of an architecture for distributed hypermedia systems.

Term

What are the differences between SOAP and REST?

(Hint: 7)

(cntrt, scrty, msgg, trns, tls, bndwth, tmsg)

Definition
SOAP - REST
WSDL Contract - No Contract
WS-Security plus SSL for HTTP - SSL for HTTP
WS-Reliable messaging - No reliable messaging
WS-Transaction (atomic) - No transaction
Tools required to implement WS - No tools required
Greater info bandwidth - Lower info bandwidth
SOAP message in TM* - Raw XML/JSON in TM*
*Transport message
Term

In what situations would you propose using SOAP or REST?

Definition

- SOAP: for any situations requiring xml message encryption, reliable messaging, or atomic transactions.

- REST: whenever you need simple data manipulation of a resource such as that provided by the HTTP verbs GET, PUT, POST, and DELETE.

Term

What is the ultimate goal of using web services?

Definition
To achieve a SOA within the organization.
Term

What are the two approaches to create a SOAP based web service?

Definition

- Top-Down or Contract First: from WSDL, one generates java classes.

- Bottom-Up or Contract Last: from java classes one generates a WSDL.

 

 

Term

What is the web service protocol stack?

Definition

Is an evolving set of protocols used to define, discover, and implement Web services. The core protocol stack consists of four layers: Service Transport, XML Messaging, Service Descriptor, & Service Discovery.

Term

Is SOAP stateful or stateless protocol?

Definition
Stateless protocol.
Term

What is an XML schema, how does it differ from a DTD?

Definition
- XML schema defines which elements and attributes are used in the markup language, how they are ordered and nested, and what their data types are. It also provides simple primitives as well as facilities for more complex types
- DTD fails to address data typing and has a weak typing system. It also doesn't offer some simple data types (int, flt, dble, bool, enum).
Term

What is the difference between complex types and simple types in XML schemas?

Definition

- Complex types describe how elements are organized and nested.

- Simple types are the primitive data types contained by elements and attributes.

Term

What is an XML namespace?

Definition
It provides a qualified name for an XML element or attribute, the same way that a Java package provides a qualified name for a Java class.
Term

What is SOAP?

Definition
A distributed object protocol whose primary use is for Application to Application communication.
Term

Explain the basic structure of SOAP.

Definition
A SOAP message is a kind of XML document; which has it's own schema, namespace, and processing rules. It consists of the envelope element, header element, & body element.
Term

What are the different SOAP messaging modes?

(Hint: 4)

Definition
RPC/Literal, Document/Literal, RPC/Encoded, Document/Encoded.
Term

What is Document/Literal mode?

Definition
A messaging mode where a SOAP body element contains an XML document fragment, which contains a application that belongs to an XML schema and namespace.
Term

What is RPC/Literal mode?

Definition

A messaging mode that enables SOAP messages to model procedure or method calls with parameters and return values.

Term

What are the different Messaging Exchange Patterns in WS?

(Hint: 2)

Definition
One-Way and Request/Response.
Term

SOAP messages are delivered using which protocol?

Definition
HTTP, though it is possible to use other protocols. Details of non-HTTP bindings are not specified by SOAP and are not supported by the Web Services Basic Profile.
Term

What is WSDL?

Definition
A XML markup language used to describe a WS. It specifies the message format, internet protocol, and address for a client to communicate with the WS.
Term

Can you explain the basic structure of WSDL?

Definition
A WSDL document is an XML document that adheres to the WSDL XML schema. It must contain the seven important elements nested in the definition/root element.
Term

What is UDDI?

Definition

A specification for creating a registry service that catalogs organizations (corporations) and their Web Services.

(Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration)

Term

What is SAAJ?

Definition

An API for manipulating the structure of a SOAP message. SAAJ is an API you can use to create, read, or modify SOAP messages using Java.

(SOAP with Attachments API for JAVA)

Term

Which API is used to implement web services?

(Hint: 3)

Definition

- Java API fro XML Web Services (JAX-WS)

- Java API for XML-Based RPC (JAX-RPC)

- Java API for XML Restful Services (JAX-RS)

Term

What is JAXB?

Definition
Provides a convenient way to bind an XML schema to a representation in Java code.
Term

What is JAX-RPC?

Definition
Essentially is a Java RPC over SOAP. It is designed as an API for Web Services, so that J2EE applications can operate with non-Java applications.
Term

What are the various ways of accessing/calling a web service?

(Hint: 2)

Definition

- Asynchronous Call: a application can make a call to the Web Service and then continue to do whatever it wants to do. When the service is ready it will notify the application.

- Synchronous Call: the application has to wait until it has completed.

Term
What seven elements are needed in a WSDL? What do they do?
Definition

- Definition: DTD.

- Type: defines input and output datatype.

- Import: states which is input & output param.

- Port-Type: name of class.

- Operations: name of the method(s).

- Binding: transport protocol (HTTP).

- Service: location of service.

Term

What messaging modes does Web Services permit?

(Hint: 2)

Definition
RPC/Literal or Document/Literal.
Term
What are the four layers of the Web Service Core protocol stack?
Definition

Service Transport, XML Messaging, Service Descriptor, Service Discovery.

Term
What is the difference between Document and RPC?
Definition

RPC: adheres to SOAP standard, tightly coupled,primitive datatypes.

Document: no restrictions, loosely coupled, marshall/unmarshall datatypes.

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