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Weathering, Erosion, Soil
Vocabulary
17
Science
7th Grade
01/02/2010

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Term
Weathering
Definition
The process that breaks down rock at the Earth's surface.
Term
Erosion
Definition
The movement of rock particles by wind, water, ice or gravity.
Term
Physical Weathering
Definition
The physical breakdown of rocks into smaller pieces that have the same composition as the rock they came from.
Examples: Ice Wedging, Abrasion, Release of pressure, Gravity, Animals and Plants
Term
Chemical Weathering
Definition
The breakdown of rocks into new substances like clay or rust (Iron Oxide) by chemical changes. Agents: Water, Oxygen, CO2, living organisms, acid rain.
Term
Climate
Definition
Average weather conditions in an area.
Term
Deposition
Definition
The laying down of sediments on Earth.
Term
Ecoregions / Texas
Definition
Eleven (11) different natural regions of Texas. Each region has different topography, geology, plants and animals.
Term
Ground Water
Definition
Water located beneath the surface of Earth which is trapped in spaces between rocks.
Term
Surface Water
Definition
Water that collects or flows across the surface of Earth; streams, rivers, lakes, ponds.
Term
Watershed (Drainage Basin)
Definition
A land area where all the surface water drains into a general area and flows to the ocean.
Term
Bedrock
Definition
Solid layer of rock beneath topsoil
Term
Soil Horizon
Definition
Different layers of soil
Term
Humus
Definition
Dark, decayed, organic material from plant and animal remains. Contains soil nutrients.
Term
Soil
Definition
Crumbly material composed of air, water, humus, clay and minerals at the top of the ground.
Term
Catastrophic Events
Definition
Sudden changes in ecosystems caused by Tornado, Hurricane, Fire, Flood, Tsunami or Earthquake.
Term
Ecological Succession
Definition
The gradual replacement of one biological community by another. Primary-establishment of an ecosystem where none existed before like after a volcano. Secondary-reestablishment of a damaged ecosystem like after a fire.
Term
Climax Community
Definition
A mature ecosystem with many varieties of species: high biodiversity.
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