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weathering and soil formation
chapter 7 key terms
23
Science
7th Grade
12/04/2006

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Term
Weathering
Definition
is the process that breaks down rock and other substances at earth's surface.
Term
mechanical weathering (physical)
Definition
the type of weathering in which rock is physically broken into small pieces.
Term
abrasion
Definition
refers to the grinding away
Term
abrasion
Definition
refers to the grinding away of rock particles carried by water,ice wind or gravity.
Term
erosion
Definition
is the movement of rock particles by wind, water, ice or gravity.
Term
Ice wedging
Definition
wedges of ice in rocks winden and ice melts,the water seeps deeper into the cracks.
Term
Ice wedging
Definition
wedges of ice in rocks winden and ice melts,the water seeps deeper into the cracks.
Term
chemical weathing
Definition
is the prcess that breaks down rock thourgh chemical changes.
Term
permeable
Definition
means that a material is full of tiny,connected air space that allow water to seep through it.
Term
soil
Definition
is the loose, weathered material on earth's surface in which plants can grow.
Term
Bedrock
Definition
in the solid layer rock beneath the soil.
Term
Humus
Definition
the decayed organic material in the soil.
Term
soil horizon
Definition
is a lsyer of soil that differs in color and texture from the layer above or below it.
Term
topsoil
Definition
a crumbly,dark brown soil that is a mixture of humus,clay,and other minerals.
Term
subsoil
Definition
usually consists of clay and other particals washed from a horizon but little humus.
Term
litter
Definition
as plants shed leaves,they form a loose layer.
Term
decomposer
Definition
are the organism that break the remains of dead organisms inti smaller pieces and digest with chenicals.
Term
sod
Definition
the thick mass of tough roots at the surface of the soil -kept the soil in place and held onto moisture.
Term
renewable resource
Definition
is one that is naturally replace in a relatively shot time.
Term
dust bowl
Definition
area where wind erosion caused severe loss of the topsoil during the 1930s
Term
soil conservation
Definition
is the management of soil to prevent its destuction
Term
contour plowing
Definition
is the practice of plowing fields along the curver of a slope
Term
conservation plowing
Definition
disturbs the soil and its plant cover as little as possible.
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