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Weathering and soil formation
chapter 7 key terms
22
Science
7th Grade
12/04/2006

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Term
weathering
Definition
the process that breaks down rocks and other substances at earth's surface
Term
Erosion
Definition
the movement of rock particles by wind,water,ice,or gavity
Term
Mechanial Weathering
Definition
the type of weathering in which is physically broken into smaller pieces
Term
Abrasion
Definition
the grinding away of rock particles carried by water,ice,wind,or gravity
Term
Ice wedging
Definition
wedges of ice in rocks widen and deepen cracks
Term
Chemical Weathering
Definition
the process that breaks down rock through chemical changes
Term
Permeable
Definition
means that a material is full of tiny,connected air spaces that allow water to seep through it
Term
Soil
Definition
the loose,weathered material on Earth's surface in which plants can grow
Term
Bedrock
Definition
the solid layer of rock beneath the soil
Term
Humus
Definition
Dark-colored organic material in the soil
Term
Laom
Definition
Rich fertile soil that is made up of about parts clay, sand, and silt
Term
Soil horizon
Definition
layer of soil that differs in color and texture from the layers above or below it.
Term
top soil
Definition
a crumbly dark brown soil that is a mixture of humus, clay, and other minerals
Term
subsoil
Definition
usualy consists of clay and other particles washed down from A horizon, but little humus
Term
Decomposers
Definition
the organisms that break the remains of dead organisms into smaller pieces and digest them with chemicals
Term
Litter
Definition
a loose layer plants form when they shed leaves
Term
Sod
Definition
thick mass of tough roots at the surface of the soil
Term
Renewable resource
Definition
one that is naturally replaced in in a relatively short time
Term
Dust Bowl
Definition
an area where wind erosion caused severe loss of topsoil during the 1930s
Term
Contour plowing
Definition
the practice of plowing fields along the curves of a slope
Term
Soil conservation
Definition
the management of soil to prevent its destruction
Term
Conservation plowing
Definition
disturbs the soil and its plant covers as little as possible
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