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Exam
All Vocab
100
Science
7th Grade
05/06/2014

Additional Science Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Aa
Definition
a type of lava that forms a thick rough crust.
Term
Active Volcano
Definition
a volcano that has erupted in the past 10,000 years, may be currently errupting.
Term
Caldera
Definition

a large, cauldron-shaped depressioncasued by the collapse of the groundwhen the magma chamber is empty.

Term
Cinder Cone Volcano
Definition
The most common and smallest type of volcano, usally not more than 300 m.
Term
Composite Volcano
Definition
a.k.a a stratovolocano, formed by a combo of lava flows and pyroclastic explosions that form alternating layers. they are steep and tall. Ex: Mt. Fuji Mt kilomigaro, and Mt. Rainer
Term
Crater
Definition
an indefinition at the top o a volacno.
Term
Dormant Volacno
Definition
a vaolano that currently isn't active, but exexpted to erupt again.
Term
Exinct Volcano
Definition

a volcano that hasn't erupted in the past 10,000 years and isn't expected to erupt again. 

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Term
Lava
Definition
magma that reaches the earths surface.
Term
Hot Spots
Definition
volcanically active place that lie about mantle proturding
Term
Magma
Definition

molten rock below the eaths surface.

Term
Magma Chamber
Definition
a large area deep underground filled with magma
Term
Magma Plume
Definition
a column of hot rock that rises up to the surface from Eath's interior.
Term
Pahoehoe
Definition
a type of lava that forms a thin ropy crust when it hardens.
Term
Pillow lava
Definition
a smooth, rounded type of lava flow that erupts underwater.
Term
Pyroclastic Flow
Definition
a high temp mis of hot ash and fragments of lava that erupts with great force and speed. Pyroclastic flows are the most dangerous type of volvanic eruption, travling at the speeds up to 125 mph. with temps up to 700 degrees
Term
Shield Volcano
Definition
volcanoes that form from fluid lava that bulids up slowly over time, creating a wide, gentle slpoing mountain shaped like a worriors shield. Ex: Mauna Kea
Term
Tephra
Definition
any materails ejeced durng a pyroclastic explosion regardless of size.
Term
Vent
Definition
an opening at the top or side of the volcano where lava eruptions.
Term
Volcanic Ash
Definition
very small (less than 2mm or 0.08in) fragments of material that are ejected in a pyroclsric explosion.
Term
anemometer
Definition
a tool used to measure wind
Term
anemometer
Definition
a tool used to measure wind
Term
barometer
Definition
a device that measure pressure
Term
air mass
Definition
a body of air with the same temperature and moisture throughout
Term
air mass
Definition
a body of air with the same temperature and moisture throughout
Term
humidity
Definition
a quantity representing the amout of water vapor within the atomsphere
Term
jet stream
Definition
a long narrow current of very strong winds in the upper troposhere
Term
jet stream
Definition
a long narrow current of very strong winds in the upper troposhere
Term
trade winds
Definition
global winds that flow towards the equator turning west as they go
Term
westerlies
Definition
global winds that move west to east
Term
westerlies
Definition
global winds that move west to east
Term
tornado warning
Definition
communication that someone has seen or detected a tornado
Term
tornado watch
Definition
communication that tornadoes are possible
Term
typoon
Definition
a massive roating storm that forms north of teh equator in the westen pacific ocean
Term
watercycle
Definition
the movement and exchange of water between the earth's land an atmosphere and ocean
Term
condensation
Definition
the prosees by which water vapor fors gas to a liquid
Term
evaporation
Definition
the prosses by which charges form a liqid to water vapor
Term
percipitaion
Definition
falling products of condenstation
Term
transpiration
Definition
the passage of water through a plant
Term
seismologists
Definition
a scientist who studies earthquakes
Term
seismograph
Definition
it detects and measures the vibrations produced by an earthquake
Term
secondary wave
Definition
travels slower then a P-wave travels through the body of the earth as a seris of crust
Term
Primary Wave
Definition
an earthquake that travels through the body of the earth
Term
magnitude
Definition
a measure of the total amount of energy released at the souce of an earthquake
Term
intensity
Definition
a measure of damage done by an earthquake
Term
foucus
Definition
the location where a rupture of an earthquake begins and energy is relaesed
Term
fault
Definition
a frature in bed rock along which blocks of rock on oppisite sides of the future
Term
epicenter
Definition
the piont on the surface of the earth directly above the focus of an earthquake
Term
earthquake
Definition
vibrations in the earth caused by the sudden released of energy
Term
La nina
Definition
an usally cold flow of water that occurs less then the El nino in the pacific
Term
El Nino
Definition
an usally warm flow of surface that occurs in the pacific ocean every 3-7 years
Term
surface current
Definition
a flow of water in the ocean
Term
density
Definition
compactures mass and volume
Term
atmosphere
Definition
the thin blanket of gases that surrounds the earth
Term
lithosphere
Definition
the cool, solid outer shell of the earth
Term
asthenospere
Definition
layer of the mantle that lies directly below the lithosphere
Term
tsunami
Definition
a huge sea wave caused by underwater earthquakes or by volcanoes
Term
surface wave
Definition
an earthquake wave that travels on or near the surface of the earth
Term
seismometer
Definition
a tool that measures how big an earthquake is
Term
cyclone
Definition
a massive routing storm that forms in the Indian Ocean and off the coast of Australia
Term
doldrum
Definition
a windless zone at the equator that causes low pressure
Term
easterlies
Definition
global winds that go from east or west from the equators
Term
convection current
Definition
a circulating of air or water resulting from temp. differences
Term
vortex
Definition
the movement of liquids or gasses in a spiral around a central axis, the calm center in a storm
Term
Saffir/Simpson Scale
Definition
to scale to measure hurricanes
Term
NOAA
Definition
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Term
Fujita Scale
Definition
to scale or measure torrnadoes
Term
global winds
Definition
giant convection currents that circulate in the hemisphere
Term
cold front
Definition
the leading edge of a cold air front
Term
climate
Definition
weather conditions that are characteristic of a region or of a particular place over a period of time.
Term
Layers of the Earth
Definition
crust- made up of basalt and granite(38km) solid/liqid
mantle- molten rock (2900km) solid
outer core-iron and nickle (2222km) liquid
inner core- iron and nickle (1228km) solid
Term
occluded front
Definition
when a clod air mass and a warm air circulates
Term
land breeze
Definition
a flow of air from land to water
Term
hurricane
Definition
massive rotating storm in the northern hemisphere
Term
gulf gulf
Definition
a warm-water ocean current that flows north along the east coast
Term
sea breeze
Definition
the flow of air from water to land
Term
tornado
Definition
a violent storm that spirals around a vortex
Term
thermometer
Definition
a tool used to measure temperature
Term
ozone layer
Definition
part of the stratosphere that traps UV rays
Term
warm front
Definition
when a warm air mass overrides a cold one ahead
Term
upwelling
Definition
the rising of cold deep water from the ocean
Term
weather
Definition
the state of the atmosphere at a particular time and place
Term
weather watch
Definition
a storm might be coming
Term
elastic limit
Definition
the maximum limit to where a solid maybe stretched out
Term
Mercalli Scale
Definition
a device to measure the intensity of an earthquake
Term
Richter Scale
Definition
a scale to measure the magnitude of an earthquake
Term
weather warning
Definition
a storm has been seen or detected
Term
San Andres Fault
Definition
a 810mi fault through California
Term
compression
Definition
when 2 objects are being forced on to each other
Term
vacuum
Definition
a space entirely devoid of matter
Term
shear
Definition
to break off because of pressure
Term
tension
Definition
the state of being stretched tight
Term
Normal Fault
Definition
when two blocks of rock are pulled apart
Term
reverse fault
Definition
when two blocks of rock are being compressed
Term
Tornado Alley
Definition
a geographic location where tornadoes occur often
Term
strike-slip fault
Definition
when rock is parallel to the line of a fault
Term
Coriolis effect
Definition
says that storms in the N for right and in the S go left
Term
monsoon
Definition
the seasonal winds blowing SW in the summer and NE in the witer
Term
front
Definition
the foremost part or surface of anything
Term
eye
Definition
The region at the center of a hurricane
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