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Vocal Pedagogy-Belmont
Vocal anatomy definitiions
26
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
03/24/2014

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Term
Intrinsic Laryngeal Muscles

(List and give function)
Definition
Adductors-
-Thyroarytenoid
-Lateral cricoarytenoid
-Interarytenoid (Arytenoideus)
-Cricothyroid

Abductors-
-Posterior cricoarytenoid

Function-These muscles alter position, shape, and tension in the larynx.
Term
Extrinsic Laryngeal Muscles

(List and give one function)
Definition
Suprahyoid muscles-elevators
-Digastric muscles (anterior and posterior)
-Stylohyoid
-Mylohyoid
-Geniohyoid-tongue

Infrahyoid muscles-depressors
-Omohyoid (origin-scapula, goes to hyoid bone)
-Thyrohyoid (*Stabilizer-pulls larynx and hyoid down)
-Sternohyoid (Sternum to hyoid)
-Sternothyroid (Sternum to thyroid cartilage)

Function: Maintain stable position of laryngeal skeleton in neck OR Alter the tension of angle between laryngeal cartilages
Term
Parts of the Larynx
Definition
1. Hyoid bone
2. Thyroid cartilage
3. Cricoid cartilage
4. Arytenoid cartilage
5.
Term
Hyoid Bone
Definition
-anchor to tongue
-located at top of larynx
Term
Vocal Folds

List layers
Definition
"V" when at rest "()" when active


Layers:
Epithelium-cover
Superficial Lamina Propria-cover
Intermediate Lamina Propria-transition
Deep Lamina Propria-transition
Vocalis (thyroarytenoid) muscle
Vocalis Muscles
Term
Arytenoid Cartilage

3 parts
Definition
1.Vocal Process
2.Muscular Process
3.Vocal Ligament
Term
Epithelium
Definition
Outermost layer of vocal folds
Covered in mucus
Stiff coating to keep structure
Term
Lamina Propria
Definition
Superficial- still part of cover; soft, unset gelatin like
Intermediate-transition; regular jello
Deep- transition; gummy bear
Term
Vocalis Muscle
Definition
aka Tyroarytenoid

deepest layer of vocal folds
Term
Glottis
Definition
Opening between the vocal folds that is a passage down to the trachea
Term
Epiglottis
Definition
covering for glottis to ensure that no foreign object makes it to the trachea
Term
Myo-elastic Aerodynamic Theory
Definition
oscillation of the vocal fold maintained exclusively by muscular and aerodynamic processes

Muscular process occurs in the body of the vocal folds
Aerodynamic Process=Bernoulli Effect
Term
Mucosal Wave
Definition
vocal folds oscillate in a wavelike function

mucus lubricates vocal folds
Term
Abduct
Definition
open
Term
Adduct
Definition
Close
Term
Breath Support
Definition
The maintenance of intra-thorasic pressure through the active opposition of inhalation/exhalation muscle systems

*which means*

All the organs in the rib cage work together with muscles involved with respiration to produce breath
Term
Vertical Phase Difference
Definition
-measures DURATION
-measures how long the vocal folds stay together during one cycle of compression/rarefraction (period)

Starts when bottom of VF come together
Stops when top of VF come apart
Term
Compression
Definition
measurement of positive energy when vocal folds come apart and air comes through
Term
Rarefaction
Definition
negative energy when vocal folds are closed
Term
Diaphragm
Definition
muscle

looks like an umbrella, contracts and is pulled downward so that everything else can expand. acts as a vacuum to suck in air
Term
What muscles are involved in inhalation?
Definition
diaphragm and intercostals

Intercostals:
-Exterior:
Term
Supraglottic Vocal Tract
Definition
Larynx
Pharynx resonators
Soft Palate
Tongue
Mouth Lips
Term
Pharynx Resonators
Definition
Laryngopharynx-Vocal folds to base of tongue
Oropharynx-base of tongue to tip of soft palate
Nasopharynx-tip of soft palate to nostrils
Mouth-oral cavity
Term
Resonators from vocal folds to lips
Definition
larynx
pharynx resonators
soft palate
tongue
mouth
lips
Term
What structures move to contribute to resonation?
Definition
Tongue
Soft Palate
Walls of throat
jaw opening
laryngeal height
lips
teeth
hard palate
Term
Why is opening your mouth important for range?
Definition
More resonation space for volume
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